Kubzala mbewu za nandazi M'nthaka Kubzala ndi chisamaliro cha mbewu Kudzala chiwembu

Kubzala nandolo masika poyera chithunzi

Nandolo ndi ndiwo zamasamba zotseguka. Ndiosasinthika ndikuchokera munthaka, ozizira osagwira, ndiwotsogola bwino kwambiri kwa mbewu zina zam'munda, chifukwa chake, imakula ponseponse. Ngati muli ndi mwayi waulere pamalopo, pangani bedi masamba obiriwira. Idzakhala gwero labwino, lokoma komanso loyambirira mu zipatso zakoma.

Nandolo amakonda kwambiri ana (idyani mwatsopano wobiriwira), nandolo amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuphika mbale zosiyanasiyana. Pazakudya, samangogwiritsa ntchito nyemba, komanso masamba owaza zipatso. Kuphatikiza apo, tchire zapachaka ndizabwino kwambiri: yaying'ono, yokhotakhota, yobiriwira yosangalatsa.

Tekinolo yobzala (nthawi, mbewu ndi kukonza kwa dothi, kapangidwe kake) ndi chisamaliro sizikhala zovuta, ngakhale wolima wa novice atha kupirira izi.

Madeti obzala nandolo poyera

Kubzala moyenera nandolo mutabzala ndi nthangala panthaka

Mukadzala liti nthanga m'nthaka? Nthawi yofesa mtedza: kuyambira kumapeto kwa Epulo kumayambiriro kwa Meyi. Kuti muthe kukolola nthawi yonse yotentha, kufesa kumachitika m'njira zingapo. Pea imakula ndikukula m'malo mwachangu, kotero ngakhale pakatipa koyambira mumatsimikiziridwa kuti muthe kutola mbewu zingapo. Nthawi yodzala nandolo ikhoza kupitilira kumapeto kwa Meyi.

Matalala sakhala owopsa pachomera - nandolo (mphukira zazing'ono) zitha kulekerera kutentha kwakanthawi kochepa mpaka -6 ° C. Komabe, ibzalidwe m'dothi lotentha (potentha, dothi lozizira, mbewuzo zivunda). Matenthedwe amatha kukhala otsika, koma abwino nthawi zonse (10-12 ° C). Kuti mutenthe bedi, mutha kuphimba ndi zojambulazo.

Zoyenera kukula nandolo poyera

Kusankhidwa kwa tsamba ndi kuyatsa kwa tsamba

Choyamba, muyenera kusankha malo olima nandolo. Malowa akuyenera kuwalidwa bwino ndi dzuwa ndikutetezedwa kuchokera kumalo ozizira ndi ozizira. Mukabzala mu shading, maluwa ndi zipatso, motero, zimayamba kusokonekera, kulimba kwa mapewa ndi zipatso zimayipa. Nandolo zimabwezeredwa kumalo amodzi palibe kale kuposa zaka 4 pambuyo pake.

Kudyetsa ndi otsogola

Mukukula, ndikosayenera kudyetsa mbewu (izi zimabweretsa kumera kwa zobiriwira zowononga maluwa ndi maluwa), koma dothi limadzaza ndi organic kanthu. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe (kompositi ndi manyowa) nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa pansi pa tomato - akhala otsogola abwino a nandolo, ndi zina za nyemba. Yabwino kubzala pambuyo dzungu, mbatata.

Kubzala mbatata ndi nandolo

Nthawi zambiri, nandolo zimabzalidwa mwachindunji pamunda wa mbatata (mbewu zimayikidwa m'maenje ndi tubers). Njira yolimirayi imakhala ndi onse omwe akutsatira komanso otsutsa. Nandolo sizipanga mpikisano wambiri kukhazikitsa mbatata, m'malo mwake, amateteza tubers ku waya. Chokhacho chomwe chimalepheretsa ndikupanga mbatata kuchokera ku kachilomboka mbatata ya Colorado, pambuyo pake nandolo zobiriwira sizingadye. Chifukwa chake, mbatata zingabzalidwe pokhapokha ngati ma tubers amasankhidwa ngati tizilombo tisanabzike.

Kukonzekera malo obzala nandolo

Kukonzekera kwa nthaka mu kugwa

Pankhani yazakudya za dothi, chikhalidwe sichimakula. Chofunikira kwambiri ndi friability, kusalowerera kwa nthaka. Ngati dothi ndi acidic, choyamba (kuyambira nthawi yophukira) ikani limu wa dimba (250-300 g pa 1 m²).

Nthaka yodzala kwambiri iyenera kudyetsedwa. Izi zimachitika bwino kwambiri pakugwa. Pofukula, onjezani humus kapena kompositi (0.5 zidebe pa 1 m²), 30 g wa potaziyamu nitrate ndi 20 g ya superphosphate.

Chapakatikati, madzi akungosungunuka atatsika, kukuta malowo ndikuwongolera.

Zomera za nandolo mutabzala mu masika

Nandolo zimafunikira feteleza wa phosphate ndi potashi. Ngati simunakonzekere malowo kuyambira kugwa, nthawi yodzala mutha kuyiyika mumizere malinga ndi malangizo a wopanga (gwiritsani ntchito superphosphate, potaziyamu nitrate).

Kodi ndifunika kunyowetsa nandolo ndisanabzale?

Pendani mosamala zodzala, sinthani mitundu yotsika (yosweka, yolumikizidwa, yokhotakhota ndi mawanga, madontho). Mbewu zapamwamba kwambiri zimasandulika kukhala ma dummies - kuti zitsimikizike pambuyo pake, ikani mchere wa 30 g mu yankho la sodium chloride (pa lita imodzi yamadzi). Kuyang'ana pansi, koyenera kubzala. Madzitsuka ndi madzi ofunda.

Pofesa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mbeu zouma, koma mutanyowa, zimamera mwachangu. Mulimonsemo, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse mbewu: kwa mphindi 5-7, ikani 1 g mu boric acid solution (mu 5 l madzi).

Momwe zilowerere nandolo musanabzale

Kulowa kumaphatikiza njira ziwiri, ndikusintha pang'ono. Sankhani zomwe zili zosavuta komanso zovomerezeka kwa inu.

Zambiri zilowerere nandolo musanabzale? Kulowa mumbale

Konzani njere, dzazeni ndi madzi ofunda kuti aphimbidwe kwathunthu, koma osatinso.
Kulowerera kumatenga pafupifupi maola 6 mpaka 10.
Kukula kwazodzalira ndi zinthu zosafunikira: ngati thovu lituluka mumbewu, zikutanthauza kuti mwa ena mwa iwo mphukira zinafa.
Ndi bwino zilowerere usiku, ndipo m'mawa pitani kufesa.

Momwe mungakonzekere nandolo chifukwa chobzala mwachangu kwambiri mu thermos

Kutentha kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 45 ° C. Dzazani nyemba mu thermos ndikugwira kwa maola atatu. Munthawi imeneyi, amadzaza ndi madzi ndipo amatupa.

Kuchepetsa nandolo musanadzale kumathandizira kumera kwa mbeu pakatha masiku atatu.
Kukhazikika mu yankho la njira yapadera yokhala ndi zinthu ziwiri zazamoyo (humate, epin) ndizothandiza, koma ngati sichoncho, madzi wamba a peyala nawonso ndi okwanira.
Njira yomaliza ndi kupha majeremusi: kwa mphindi 5-7, ikani yankho la boric acid (5 g madzi, 1 g).

Momwe timatha kuphukira nandolo mutabzala

Kumera nandolo sikumavomerezedwa mwapadera; musalole kuti kumera kwa mtola kuphukira musanawabzalire mu nthaka, chifukwa mizu yokhazikika imawonongeka mukadzala ndipo sipadzakhala mbewu. Chifukwa chake, zilowetsani njere zosaposa maola 6 mpaka 10, ndipo muzidzala.

Chiwembu chodzala nandolo poyera

Njira yotsatirira mzere umodzi

Kubzala bwino nandolo poyera ndi mbeu mu chithunzi cha masika

Bedi likakonzedwa (nthaka ikakumbidwa ndikuikika), mutha kuyamba kufesa. Kodi mtunda umabzala pati? Mtundu wobzala umatengera mtundu wa mmera: pakati pa mizere imakhalabe mtunda wa 20 cm kuti masheel ndi 30 cm shuga. Mtunda woyenera pakati pa mbewu zamtundu uliwonse ndi 4-5 cm

Mitundu yayitali, kubzala mizere iwiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.

Peyala yobzala mizere iwiri chithunzi

Mtunda pakati pa mizere pobzala nandolo malinga ndi chiwembuchi:

Pakati pa mizere yomatira mtunda wa 20-30 cm, pakati pa mizere pang'onopang'ono 8-10 cm mudzafunika.
Mtunda woyenera pakati pa mbewu zamtundu uliwonse ndi 4-5 cm.

Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa zogwirizira pabedi, mtunda pakati pa mbewu zokhazokha ukhoza kuwonjezeka pang'ono. Monga zogwirizira, zikhomo zamatabwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zingwe zimakoka pakati pawo. Nandolo udzawagwirira ndi tinyanga ndikukhala bwino.

Kuzama kwa kuyika kwa mbeu kumadalira luso la nthaka. Ngati dothi ndi lopepuka - kubzala mpaka akuya masentimita 5-6, mutafesa dothi lozama, ndikakulitsidwa ndi masentimita 3-4 Musamakumba mozama kupitirira 3 cm, popeza mbalame zimatha kubera mbewu.

Mitundu ya undersized (chocheperako), njira ina imagwiritsidwa ntchito

Momwe mungapangire chothandizira pakukula chithunzi cha nandolo

Nandolo zazingwe zimabzalidwa m'mabedi molingana ndi masentimita 15x15. Ukuzama kwa kuyika kwa mbewu ndi kuya kwa 5-6. M'lifupi mabedi ndi 0.8-1.2 m, mzere kutalikirana ndi 70 cm.

Momwe amafesa

M'njira zonsezi, kufesa kumachitikanso chimodzimodzi. Pangani ma grooo akuya masentimita 5-6. Thirani ndi madzi ofunda, ikani mbewu pansi, ndikawaza ndi dothi pamwamba, pang'ono pofikira. Ngati dothi latha, dzazani dothi ndi mphete za feteleza wovuta wa mchere.

Mukangobzala, ndikofunika kubisa ndi zojambulazo kwa masiku angapo kuti kuwonjezera pakutentha nthaka.

Kusamalira pena panja

Chithunzi cha kukula kwa pea

Kusalira ndi kulima

Kusamalira mbewu za nandolo kumabwera ku kudulira kwakanthawi ndi kuthirira. Zomera zazing'ono zikamakula pang'ono (pafupifupi masabata awiri zitamera), masulani dothi ndikuchita bwino.

Kuthirira

Pea silivomereza kutentha ndi chilala - kuthirira kudzafunika zochulukirapo. Osaloleza kulowetsa madzi (basal rot ikhoza kukhala ndi), ndi mpweya wokwanira, kuthirira sikofunikira. Onjezerani malita a madzi 10-10 pa 1 m², makamaka izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa panthawi ya maluwa ndi kuthira zipatso.

Pambuyo mvula ndi kuthirira, kumasula nthaka. Chotsani udzu pafupipafupi.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Ngati mwasamalira thanzi la dothi musanafesere, umuna nthawi yakula sufunika. Kupanda kutero, feteleza wophatikiza wam'mimba amayenera kuyikidwa mbande ikakula mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 10. Mutha kuyambiranso kudyetsa nthawi yamaluwa.

Mutha kusangalala ndi zipatso zamasamba masabata angapo mutatha maluwa. Kuti muteteze mbalame kwa mbalame, ziphimbani ndi ukonde pamwamba.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Mwa zina mwa matenda, ufa wa powdery ungayambitse mavuto. Mtengowu umakutidwa ndi duwa loyera, kukula kwake kumachepera, komwe kumachepetsa mwayi wokolola wabwino. Pofuna kuthana, gwiritsani ntchito zachilengedwe kukonzekera: kulowetsedwa kwa m'munda kubzala nthula (300 g wa masamba 10 mg wa madzi, kunena kwa maola 8-10). Pakatha sabata, bwerezani mankhwalawo.

Pakati pa tizirombo, choopsa chachikulu ndi njenjete kapena phesi. Amphaka amphaka nthawi yozizira pamalo otseguka, ndipo nthawi yophukira amasintha kukhala achikulire, omwe amaikira mazira pa greenery. Mwa izi, mbozi zimawonekanso, zomwe zimadya zitsamba zing'onozing'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbewuzo ziziwononga kwambiri. Pazolinga zopewera, kukumba kwakuya kwambiri kwa malowa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Bzalani m'mawa. Zomera zazing'ono ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa fodya, chitsamba, masamba a celandine, nsonga za phwetekere kapena mizu ya burdock.

Kututa

Kukolola mtola kumayambira kumapeto kwa mwezi wa June ndikuyamba kwa Julayi. Wonongerani mobwerezabwereza, chipatso chikacha. Dulani nyemba zanu mosamala kuti musawononge zimayambira.

Mitundu ya Shelling (yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga nandolo zobiriwira) imakololedwa pomwe mapangidwe obiriwira masamba obiriwira amalizidwa ndipo mbewuzo zimafika kukula kwake.

Kutolere mitundu ya shuga kumayamba ndikakhala minofu, yobiriwira, yowutsa mudyo komanso yofewa, ndi nthangala zosakhwima. Kupanga kuchokera 1 m² ndi pafupifupi 1.5 kg.

Kuti muwonjezere zokolola, nandolo iyenera kukololedwa tsiku ndi tsiku, kudula yabwino kwambiri. Chotsani nyemba zosakhwima kuti zisatenge mphamvu za mbewu ndikulepheretsa kukula kwa nyemba zosankhira.

Kukolola kwathunthu kumachitika pamene ma pod a m'munsi okhwima ndi owuma. Dulani mbewu, mtolo ndikulendewera m'chipinda chodetsa, chouma komanso chotsekeramo mpweya. Sungani ndi kusunga nyemba z kucha mu chidebe chagalasi.