Zotheka kapena ayi Chiatatone honeysuckle

Nthawi zambiri pamachitika zinthu ngati pakufunika kunyamula mbewu yotereyi kuti ipange munda kapena kupanga linga, lomwe ndi lodzikongoletsa ndipo limafunikira chisamaliro chochepa. Poterepa, zidzakhala zolondola kulabadira tate honeysuckle. Chomerachi chimakopa chidwi chake ndi kuzindikira kwawo, kuthana ndi chilala komanso kutentha pang'ono, dothi la saline komanso mpweya wodetsedwa. Mulimonsemo, ngakhale kwambiri malo, sataya zokongoletsera zake.

Honeysuckle Chitata (m'Chilatini: Lonicera tatarica), kuthengo, zokwanira chitsamba chamtali. Mwachilengedwe zimafikira kutalika kwa 4 metres. Kuchulukaku kumakula kuchokera mkamwa mwa Volga komanso kum'mawa kwambiri, mpaka ku Central Asia, komanso ku China. Pali nkhokwe zenizeni, zomwe ndizitali makilomita angapo, kumapiri, komwe kuli zigwa ndi mitsinje kunja kwa mapiri ndi nkhalango zotsala. Chitatone honeysuckle chosinthika mwangwiro pakukula mumithunzi. Chifukwa chake, m'malo achilengedwe, nthawi zambiri amasewera m'nkhalango zowirira.

Masamba amakhala ndi ovoid-oblong mawonekedwe, amakhala pamtunda waufupi, nthawi zambiri tsamba limakutidwa ndi tsinde. Corolla wamaluwa amitundu yamitundu yambiri kuchokera ku pinki yowala kupita pamtambo wowala. Maluwa ali ndi milomo iwiri, kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 1.8, gawo lapamwamba la milomo yoyenda limasulidwa kwambiri m'miyendo ingapo kutatsala pang'ono kuyamba dzanja. Zipatso ndizofanana mu mawonekedwe, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zowala kwambiri, koma palinso mitundu ya zipatso zachikaso. Zipatso zimapsa kuyambira Julayi mpaka Sepemba.

Mitundu yosangalatsa ndi yokongoletsa honeysuckle

Ponseponse, sayansi imadziwa za mitundu 200 ya honeysuckle, monga honeysuckle honeysuckle ndi mitundu ina yofananira yomwe imamera mwampesa. Koma mitundu yambiri ya honeysuckle imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokongoletsera, chifukwa zipatso zake ndi zosaneneka.

Kuti mupeze zipatso zabwino ndi zokoma, makamaka Kamchatka honeysuckle zimakula. Malo okhala a kamchatka's honeysuckle ndi Siberia Wakum'mawa ndi Kum'mawa Kakutali Russia, komwe anthu amderali amayamikira zipatso zake. Amayamikiridwa osati kokha chifukwa chokhwima koyambirira, kukoma ndi kununkhira, komanso chifukwa chokwanira chokwanira chokwanira ndi anthocyanins, chomwe, chofunikira kwambiri pakuchita P, chimagwira ntchito yothandizira komanso prophylactic mu zakudya za anthu.

Zipatso za Chitone honeysuckle ndizosatheka. Ali ndi zinthu zapoizoni, ndiye kuti simungathe kuzidya. Nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ena, monga chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakukonzekera mankhwala ovuta.

Kukula katemera wa Chitata pamalopo

Chitat honeysuckle ndizosavuta kukula m'mitundu iliyonse. Koma, ngakhale izi, ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi chidziwitso chochepa kwambiri chomera ichi.

Zosiyanasiyana

Chitarone honeysuckle chimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya morphological, otchedwa polymorphism: pakadali pano mitundu pafupifupi 12 imadziwika kuti imasiyana maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a masamba, zipatso, mawonekedwe a korona, etc.

Kwambiri mitundu yokongoletsera:

• zoyera (f. alba) - maluwa owala, oyera;
• maluwa akulu (f. Grandiflora) - ndi zoyera, maluwa ndi okulirapo;
• Siberian (ofiira) (f. Sibirica) - maluwa ofiira;
• kapezi (f. punicea) - wokhala ndi maluwa olemera a pinki komanso masamba akulu kwambiri;
• Broadleaf (f. latifolia) - wokhala ndi masamba akulu, mpaka 10 cm, ndi maluwa apinki;
• yopapatiza-leved (f. angustifolia) - wokhala ndi masamba opyapyala ndi maluwa apinki ozama;
• otsika (f. nana) - chitsamba chotsika, chokhala ndi maluwa okongola amtundu wa pinki ndi ovate-lanceolate, ndikungofinya masamba a petiole;
• chikasu (f. lutea) - chimabala chipatso chachikasu.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yamtchire ya honeysuckle, obereketsa adatha kubereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana yokongoletsera Chitat honeysuckle, ndizosiyana mwanjira iliyonse pamakhalidwe awo. Ambiri omwe amadziwika kuti ndi awa ndi awa:

1. Honeysuckle Chitata Rosea - amapanga chitsamba chokhala ndi mawonekedwe a piramidi pafupipafupi. Maluwa amachitika kumapeto kwa Meyi. Morated pink inflorescence kusunga zokongoletsera pafupifupi milungu iwiri. Mphukira iliyonse imakhala yolimba kwambiri ya pinki. Maluwa amtali, mainchesi, osapitilira masentimita awiri. Pambuyo pa maluwa, poyizoni, akuda zipatso zamtundu wa lalanje;
2. Chitar honeysuckle kuthyola Red - amapanga korona wofalikira. Limamasula kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe mpaka pakati pa Juni. Maluwa ndi utoto wofiirira. Maluwa ndi ochulukirachulukira kwakuti zikuwoneka kuti chitsamba chidakutidwa ndi bulawu. Zipatso zakuda, komanso zosawoneka, zofiira zipatso zambiri;
3. Honeysuckle Chitar Elegans ndiwopambulika mumtundu wa pamakhala, momwe mikwingwirima yapinki imawonekera motsutsana ndi maziko ofiira;
4. Chitar honeysuckle Zabelii ndiwodziwika bwino chifukwa cha zokongoletsera bwino za maluwa omwe ali ndi utoto wokhala ndi burgundy, ndipo zipatso za kuwala kofiira kokwanira zimasiyanitsa bwino chitsamba ndi maziko a mbewu zina pamapangidwewo.

Ukadaulo waulimi

Dothi lokonzekera bwino kubzala honeysuckle, akhale omasukachotsekeramo madzi. Ngakhale chomera sichinasinthe, sikulimbikitsidwa kubzala m'malo owuma kwambiri komanso malo otsika, omwe amakhala osasunthika ndi madzi.

Mtunda pakati pa mbewu zamtundu umodzi mu hedeni uzikhala pafupifupi 0,5 m, pakubzala kwaulere - 2-2,5 mamita. Maenje obzala adzazidwa ndi dothi losakanikira lopangidwa kale, lomwe limapangidwa ndi mchenga wamtsinje, peat ya mahatchi ndi nthaka ya sod. Pansi pa dzenje limadzaza ndi chosanjikiza chaching'ono, pafupifupi mainchesi 4. Chifukwa chaichi dongo lotukuka ndiloyenera bwino. Mutabzala, mbande zimafunikira kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri kuti muchotse mpweya m'mizu pafupi ndi mizu.

Honeysuckle imatha kubzala popanda chisamaliro, komabe, mawonekedwe ake okongoletsera ndi maluwa ake zimadalira momwe zinthu ziliri. Kusiya kumakhala ndi kuvala pamwamba, kudulira, kuluka.

Feteleza kumachitika m'njira zingapo zotsatizana:

• kuvala pamwamba mumalimwe - atangosungunuka ndi matalala, ndi feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni;
• kuvala pamwamba pachilimwe - munthawi yogwira tchire, phosphorous ndi feteleza wa potashi. Izi zimathandizira kukulira kwachangu komanso maluwa ambiri.

M'nyengo yotentha, yotentha kutsirira kwakanthawi ndikofunikira. M'dzinja, muyenera kukumba bwalo lozungulira, kuwonjezera phulusa. Kukumba kumachitika kukuya kosaposa masentimita 18, popeza mizu ya mbewu iyi si yozama. Mukakumba, dothi laphikidwa ndi peat. Izi zithandiza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa tizirombo chaka chamawa.

Kudulira kwamphamvu kumachitika pambuyo poti masamba akugwa. Tchire zakale zimapangidwanso kamodzi pachaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Nthambi za Shrunken komanso zodwala zimadulidwa chaka chonse. Ndikofunikanso kuchotsa mphukira kuchokera kumiyala yotsika, imagona pansi ndipo imasokoneza chisamaliro cha chitsamba.

Momwe nyengo yathu imakhazikika, Matatari honeysuckle sizifunikira malo ogona nthawi yachisanu, chifukwa chimalola kuzizira. Kungoti nthawi zina malangizo a nthambi amawonongeka pang'ono ndi chisanu, zomwe sizikhudza kukongoletsa chitsamba chonse.

Chitatone honeysuckle chimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Nthawi zambiri, mbande zimatulutsa nsabwe za m'mapapo, kuthana ndi zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito masoka (kulowetsedwa ndi tsabola wowotcha, adyo, kusuta fodya) (wokhala ndi masitepe ang'onoang'ono ndi zotupa pang'ono kapena mankhwala ("Actellik", "Aktara", ndi zina). Osatinso kawirikawiri, mbewu zimatha kuwonongeka ndi honeysuckle ndi nthata za akangaude, zosiyanasiyana scute ndi pseudopods ndi tizilombo todya masamba (mbozi mbozi, kafadala kachilomboka, ndi zina). Palibe chowopsa ndizomwe zimayambitsa fungal (ena owonongera, powdery mildew) ndi matenda amtundu (mosaic, ma virus omwe amakhumudwitsa mapangidwe a "matsache amatsenga").

Mwinanso kukana kochepa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - Kuipa kwakukulu kwa mbewu. Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwakukulu kwa matenda ndi tizirombo tina, komanso kachilombo, mbewu zimafa kwathunthu. Pofuna kupewa izi, kukonzekera kwa mankhwala kumagwiritsidwa ntchito - chitetezoto-acaricides (pofuna kuthana ndi tizilombo komanso nkhupakupa) ndi fungicides (pofuna kuthana ndi matenda). Koma tisaiwale kuti mbewu zomwe zimapangidwa bwino zimakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira, motero, chida chabwino kwambiri chodzitetezera ku matenda ndi tizirombo ndizothandiza posamalira nthawi yake.

Zinthu zonse ndi kukonzekera kayendedwe ka tizirombo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana ziyenera kugulidwa kokha m'masitolo apadera ndikutsatira ndendende malangizo omwe akusonyezedwa mu malangizo omwe aphatikizidwa.

Kuswana

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za Chitata, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito:

1. odulidwa obiriwira;
2. mbewu;
3. Kugawa chitsamba ndi tchire lokhazikika;
4. kufalitsa mwa kugawa njira.

Zodulidwa zobiriwira mphukira zolimba za chaka chino zimasankhidwa ndi kuduladula, pafupifupi 10 cm.Ndibwinonso kugwiritsa ntchito kudula ndi chidendene, ndikugwetsa gawo lotsika kuchokera kuwombera kwa chaka chatha.

Zomera zobzala zimayikidwa mosabisa (pafupifupi 45 °) mu dothi losakanikirana ndi peat ndi mchenga wowuma (gawo: 1: 3). Filimu imayikidwa pamwamba pa zodulidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhalabe ndi chinyezi chamlengalenga ndi nthaka zofunika kuyamba kupanga. Kudula kumafunika kutetezedwa ku dzuwa, kupuma mokwanira, kutsitsidwa ndi madzi, koma osati kawirikawiri (pofuna kupewa kuwola). Pakatha milungu iwiri kapena itatu, ndi chisamaliro chofunikira, mizu imayamba kupanga.

Yodzaza mizu kudula musazikegulire pansi, popeza mizu yawo idakali yofooka, komanso ndikusintha kwadzidzidzi kwamtunda m'nthaka, amatha "kukankhidwira" pansi ndikuwuma. Ndikwabwino kusiya malo osungira nthawi yozizira mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo pamaso pakutsika kwakukulu kutentha, chotsani filimuyo ndikuwotha ndi lapnik mpaka masika. M'chaka chachiwiri, zodulidwa zimabzalidwa pamalo omwe adakonzera m'mundawo, ndipo patatha chaka, zolimba zazikuluzo zidayamba kale kuphuka.

Zomera zokhwima, zosachepera 3 zaka, zimatha kufalikira ndikugawa chitsamba. Zotsatira zabwino zimatha kubereka mwa kuyala.

Ndi kufalikira kwa mbewu, zizindikiro za mbewu ya chiberekero zimagawika, motero sizingatengedwe nthawi zonse. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale atakhala kuti mbewu za Chitatone honeysuckle yodziwika ndi kumera bwino kwambiri, komabe, kufalikira kwamasamba ndikabwino kwambiri.

Kugwiritsa ntchito hatarysuckle ya Chitata

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti mbewu iyi ndi gawo la gulu la oimira maluwa omwe ali ndi maluwa, makamaka, zipatso zimasiyana mgululi. Milandu ya poizoni wamphamvu wa ana omwe adagwiritsa ntchito zipatsozi adalembedwa.

Kuphatikiza pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chomera popanga mapangidwe ake, imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa mankhwala azikhalidwe komanso azikhalidwe zina.

Kugunda kwa chi hatarysuckle cha Chitata Imakhala ndi antibacterial, momwe mauthengawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ochiritsa am'magazi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe amatha kusokoneza thupi pakabuka matenda ena.

Tincture, womwe umakonzedwa pamaziko a khungwa ili, ulinso ndi ntchito yotsutsa-trichomonas. Kujambula kochokera ku honeysuckle ya Chitata nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala akunja mwazinthu zokhala ndi lotions ndipo mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zochizira mabala ndi abrasions.

Koma pogwiritsira ntchito chomera chilichonse chamankhwala, muyenera kufunsa dokotala wofunsa.

Pomaliza

Kukhazikika kwa chiwonetsero cha Chitata pachimakechi kudzakupatsani zowonjezera zokongoletsera ndipo zidzakusangalatsani koposa chaka chimodzi. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha kusachita kwawo, palibe zovuta ndi chisamaliro.

Chikhalidwe ichi ndi chofunikira kwambiri kwa iwo omwe ali ndi minda yomwe sangathe kutaya nthawi yawo yambiri pokongoletsa.