Mpaka pano, mitundu yambiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ya ficus ndiyotchuka kwambiri kotero kuti amawaganiziridwa kale ngati mbewu zodziyimira pawokha. Pafupifupi masitolo onse apadera, mutha kupeza chomera chowoneka bwino chotchedwa ficus panda. Chomera ichi chimatsitsidwa ndi ogulitsa ngati china chapadera, koma zoona zake ndi mtundu wa ficus wopepuka.
Mitundu iyi ndi imodzi mwamawonekedwe abwino kwambiri ndipo imatha kubzala osati bonsai. Korona wake wandiweyani amakhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, omwe amawoneka bwino kwambiri kwa wamaluwa. Komabe, mtengowo uli ndi mtengo wokwera komanso wosangalatsa kwambiri. Chaka chilichonse, ficus yotere imayamba kutchuka kwambiri, ndipo kuchokera ku chomera chosavuta ichi idasinthika kukhala yokhayo. Ndipo izi sizosatheka.
Zolemba za Ficus Panda
Ficus "Panda" amatchedwa malamulo onse ficus bluned zosiyanasiyana "Panda" (Ficus retusa cv. Panda). Ndikosavuta kuzizindikira ndi mawonekedwe, potengera mawonekedwe a pepala. Chifukwa chake, ngati mungayang'ane kutali, zitha kuwoneka ngati zazungulira, koma zimadziwika kuti ndizopanda pake. Komabe, mitundu iyi ili ndi zambiri zomwe zimadziwika ndi izi.
Chomera chamtchire chotere chimapangidwa ngati chitsamba kapena chimakula. Chomera chimakhala ndi nthambi zambiri, masamba ake ndi olimba mokwanira, mwachangu. Pomwe zimakula, zimamera ndikukula, zomwe zimathandizira kupanga tchire ndikupanga bonsai. Ficus ali ndi mizu ya mlengalenga yowoneka bwino, yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale yothandiza kwambiri. Mphukira zimakutidwa ndi khungwa la beige-imvi, lomwe limakhala ndi mthunzi wowoneka bwino, pomwe mikwingwirima yotuwa imangowoneka panthambi zazing'ono. Masamba ang'onoang'ono oyera achikopa amawoneka owoneka bwino. Masamba achichepere ali ndi utoto wagolide, ndipo akuwoneka wonyezimira. Amayamba kukula kumapeto kwa dzinja, ndipo amawonekera nthawi yonse yakukula kwakukulu. Masamba otere adakhala chifukwa chomwe fikayu amatchulidwanso "golide wa ficus".
Chomerachi chimakhalanso ndi mawonekedwe omwe amapezeka mu ficus zopanda pake. Chifukwa chake, masamba ang'onoang'ono amaphimbidwa ndi mawonekedwe owala, omwe pang'onopang'ono amatembenukira chikasu ndikufa. Masamba akulu akulu amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owumbika kapena opendekera, m'mphepete molunjika komanso pamwamba. Masamba otalika amatha kutalika masentimita 6, ndipo m'lifupi - masentimita 4. Masamba ali ndi mtundu wowala kuchokera kumdima mpaka wobiriwira wapakati, pomwe malo olakwika ali ndi utoto wosinthika. Masamba ndiwonyezimira kwambiri ndipo kakhalidwe kakang'ono ka mtundu wowala kakuwonekera bwino pamaso pawo. Pamaso pazithunzi palibe madontho kapena madontho, komabe, masambaawo amasiyana masenthedwe amtundu, komanso kamvekedwe, chifukwa cha izi mbewu ili ndi mtundu wamadzi pang'ono. Petioles la masamba ndi ochepa thupi komanso lalifupi. Makonzedwe a mapepala akusinthana ndikusunthidwa kumalo owonekera. Nthawi yomweyo, amagwirizana kwambiri, kuyambira pomwe korona amawoneka wopindika komanso wonenepa.
Fikiki yamtunduwu imakhala ndi mwayi wofunikira kwambiri, womwe ndi zipatso zachilendo za mawonekedwe ozungulira ndi mtundu wobiriwira, ngati miyala yamtengo wapatali yowala pakati pamasamba. Maluwa ali pafupifupi osavunda.
Mtengo wa Bonsai
Ficus yamtunduwu ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri cha bonsai. Duwa ili, komanso popanda thandizo lakunja, pamene kukula likukula, thunthu limakulitsidwa, komanso kupindika kwake. Chifukwa cha izi, mizere yowoneka bwino kwambiri. Masamba ndi zipatso zazing'ono zagolide ndizopadera zimasiyanitsa chomeracho ndi ma ficus ena, komanso mbale zazing'ono zamasamba. Maluwa oterewa amawoneka ngati amadzi nthawi iliyonse pachaka, monga masamba ake amapaka utoto wamitundu mitundu.
Kusamalira Ficus Panda kunyumba
Malamulo posamalira chomera choterocho ndi ofanana ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mbewu zina za ficus (pokhapokha ndizovuta kwambiri). Chovuta kwambiri kusamalira fikayi ndikusungitsa malo osasunthika, ndikuti, ndikofunikira kuti kutentha ndi kuwunikira kusasinthe kwambiri, ndipo kumakhala kofanana nthawi zonse. Chinyezi chachikulu chimafunikiranso komanso kutetezedwa ku kukonzekera kumafunikira. Mukamayang'anira Panda, mumawoneka bwino kwambiri.
Kupepuka
Amakonda kuwala kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti fikayi imasiyana ndi zina zonse chifukwa sizingakule ndikukula nthawi zambiri ngakhale pang'ono pang'ono. M'chilimwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti titetezeke ku dzuwa mwachindunji, koma ndikofunikira kusankha malo owala bwino kuti ayikidwe. Kapena mutha kungoyiyika pazenera lakum'mwera, koma nthawi yomweyo mupangitse kuwalako. Nthawi yozizira komanso kuchepetsedwa kwa maola masana, duwa liyenera kusunthidwa kumalo owunikiridwa kwambiri, ndikulimbikitsanso kuti akonze zowunikira ndi nyali zapadera.
Ma ficus omwe amapangika mu mawonekedwe a bonsai ndi othandizira mthunzi, ndipo chifukwa chaulimi wawo mungasankhe malo okhala ndi mthunzi (mthunzi wosakhalitsa). Komabe, ngati nkotheka kuyika mbewuyo pamtunda wamtundu, muyenera kudziwa panthawi yomwe mukugulitsa m'sitolo kuchokera kwaogulitsa.
Kutentha
Fikayu amakonda kwambiri kutentha ndipo amafunika kukhazikika. Chomera chimatha kufa ngati kutentha kwa chipindacho kukuchepera madigiri 8. Ndipo kutentha kosachepera madigiri 15 kungayambitse kuti maonekedwe azomera azizirala kwambiri. "Panda" imamva kutentha kwambiri kuyambira madigiri 17 mpaka 22. Ngati kutentha kwa chipinda kukwera pang'ono, ndiye kuti chinyezi chofunikira chikufunika.
M'chilimwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisamutsidwe kumzimu watsopano (khonde, malo otetezedwa), pomwe mbewu imamvako bwino. Komabe, pakuyika kwake, muyenera kusankha malo otetezedwa bwino, chifukwa chomera chimakumana ndi zovuta kwambiri pakukonzekera ndikukonda malo okhazikika bwino. Potengera izi, posapezeka malo mumsewu omwe angakwaniritse zofunikira zonse, ndikulimbikitsidwa kusiya maluwa mnyumba.
Kumbukirani kuti kukonzekera sikungakhudze fikis. Kulembeka kozizira, komanso kuchepa kwambiri kwa kutentha kwa mpweya m'chipindacho kumatha kumuvulaza kwambiri. Monga lamulo, mbewu pamenepa imachotsa masamba onse. Sichiyenera kuloledwa kuziziritsa zokha komanso nthaka mumphika wamaluwa. Mu nthawi yophukira-yozizira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika kuyika pansi pa mphika, kapena mutha kuichotsa pakukweza kulikonse. Izi zikuthandizira kupewa kulumikizana ndi kuzizira kwawindo.
Momwe mungamwere
Thirirani mbewuyo pafupipafupi komanso mopanda malire, koma nthawi yomweyo dothi lomwe lili mumphika liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono. M'chilimwe, muyenera kuthilira madzi ambiri. Kuthirira kuyenera kuchitika nthawi ina iliyonse pachaka pokhapokha nthaka yapamwamba itayuma. Musalole kuthilira kwamadzi padziko lapansi, makamaka kunyanja kwamadzimadzi mkati mwake, ngakhale kwakanthawi kochepa. Kumbukirani kuti chinyezi chambiri ndizowopsa kuposa chilala (komabe, chimapewekanso bwino ngati zingatheke). Madzi ofewa okha ndi oyenera kuthirira. Pewani kuthirira ndi madzi ozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuthira madzi ofunda, ndipo mu nthawi yophukira ndi yophukira ayenera kukhala kutentha.
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Chomera chimafuna chinyezi chachikulu. Kuti muwonjezere mtengo uwu, mutha kuchita kupopera mankhwala mwadongosolo kapena kukhazikitsa chinyontho. Mutha kupukuta masamba ndi madzi ofewa. Ndipo ndibwino kuti muthe kusungunuka, kusungunuka kapena madzi owiritsa chifukwa chaichi.
Feteleza
Amadyetsa chomeracho pokhapokha pa nyengo ya masika mpaka pa Okutobala kamodzi pa milungu iwiri kapena itatu. Kuti tichite izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wapadera wa ficus kapena feteleza wovuta kukongoletsa ndi mitengo yabwino.
Kudulira
Zomera zotere zimafunikira mwapangidwe. Komabe, kudulira sikulimbikitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa nyengo ya kukula kwambiri, m'masiku oyambilira a kasupe, komanso musanagule, chifukwa njirayi imafooketsa ficus. Ndipo palibe chifukwa muyenera kudula panthawi kumuika. Njira yapangidwe kazomera imalimbikitsidwa mu masabata oyamba chilimwe kapena, ngati kuli kotheka, mu Meyi. Zomaliza zokha za nthambi ndizofunika kuzidula, ndipo nthambi zokhazo zomwe zadulidwa kapena zowonongeka ziyenera kufupikitsidwa. Cholinga cha njirayi ndikupangitsa korona kukhala wokongola kwambiri. Mutha kudula fikisiki mwadongosolo, kumamupatsa kukhala wolimba kapena mawonekedwe. Amalekerera machitidwe oterowo, ndipo amachira msanga. M'malo omwe mphukira zidadulidwa, nthambi imakulirakulira ndikukula imathandizira, komanso momwe nthambi zimasinthira, zomwe zimatsogolera kusintha kwa silhouette ya ficus.
Kudula nthambi ndi 1/3 kapena ½ gawo ndizotheka pokhapokha ngati duwa likufuna kukonzedwanso kapena ngati lili lopsinjika kwambiri.
Monga lamulo, chomera choterocho chimayenera kumangirizidwa pokhapokha ngati simakulitsa ngati bonsai. Mphukira zowonda sizimatha kukhalabe ndi mawonekedwe abwinobwino, makamaka ngati mapangidwe sanachitike pa nthawi yake ndipo nthambi zimatalika.
Kusakaniza kwadothi
Kwa "Panda" tikulimbikitsidwa kusankha dothi la ficus, lomwe limagulitsidwa m'masitolo apadera. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito dothi losagulidwa, koma mutha kuphika nokha, chifukwa muyenera kuphatikiza pepalalo ndi dothi, mchenga ndi peat, womwe uyenera kutengedwa m'magawo ofanana. Gawo laling'ono liyenera kudutsa madzi, mpweya wabwino, kukhala otayirira komanso osapepuka kwambiri. Mutha kuwonjezera zowonjezera pang'ono pazowonjezera, mwachitsanzo, vermiculite. Asili acidity sayenera kulowerera.
Zinthu Zogulitsa
Maluwa oterowo amawokerana pokhapokha ngati pakufunika kutero. M'malingaliro achikulire, komanso omwe akukula mu bonsai, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti kamodzi pachaka chilozetsani gawo loyambira. Izi zimachitika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, chifukwa muyenera kuchotsa chimbudzi chakale ndikuthira gawo lapansi. Chomera choterocho chimafunikira kuti chiziikidwa pokhapokha ngati mizu itasiya kulowa mumphika.
Zoyerekeza zazing'ono zimafuna kupatsidwa zina, zochitidwa kamodzi pachaka. Thirani ndikuchitika ndi njira ya kupsinjika, pomwe dongo limayenera kukhalabe lolimba. Khosi silikuyenera kuzama, liyenera kusiyidwa chimodzimodzi. Musaiwale kupanga ngalande yokwanira yokwanira pansi. Chifukwa chake, njerwa zosemphana ndi dongo zokulitsidwa ndizabwino pamenepa. Pambuyo pakuwonjezereka, mpaka ficus iyambanso kukula, imasinthidwa ndikusungidwa pamwambo wapamwamba kuposa masiku onse.
Zomera zoterezi zimatha kudalidwa hydroponically.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Mitundu iyi siigonjetsedwa ndi tizilombo toopsa tomwe timakonda chinyezi chochepa. Ngati simusunga chinyontho kwambiri, nthata za akangaude, tizilombo tambiri, ndi mealybugs zikhazikika pamtengowo. Kuti muwachotse, muyenera kuwachotsa pamanja ndikukhala ndi chinyezi pamwamba. Ngati nthendayo ndi yamphamvu kwambiri, ndiye kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizipamba tifunika.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo:
- kugwa kwa masamba osintha kwambiri kutentha;
- masamba otuluka chifukwa chakusazidwa;
- kugwa kwa masamba ena chifukwa chakuthirira nthaka;
- Kusintha kwa masamba kukhala chikasu ndi kuthirira kwambiri;
- kupukusira timapepala (kufafaniza) ndi feteleza wosakwanira komanso chinyezi chochepa;
- makwinya kapena kuyanika kwa pepalalo mchikakamizo cha kuwunika kwadzuwa komanso ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri.
Njira zolerera
Itha kufalikira ndi kudulidwa mchaka ndi chilimwe. Dulani odulidwa amamizidwa m'madzi kwa maola angapo, kenako amathandizidwa ndi othandizira kuti azikula. Zozika mizu, phesi limayikidwa pamalo otentha (osachepera madigiri 25) okhala ndi chinyezi chambiri. Kutentha kotsika kumafunika, ndipo tikulimbikitsidwa kuphimba phesi ndi thumba la pulasitiki kapena kapu.
Zoyesa zazikulu zamtchire zimatha kufalitsidwa ndi kuyala kwa mpweya. Kutalika kwakutali kumapangidwa pakati pamagawo awiri olimba. Kenako malowa azikulungidwa ndi moss wonyowa kapena gawo lapansi. Mphukira ikazika mizu, imasiyanitsidwa ndi chitsamba.
