Chipinda chloranthus chapadera chomwe chimabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku Japan ndi nyenyezi zokongoletsera zowala ndi zowala, zomwe posachedwapa adayamba kutchuka nazo. Masamba okongola mosiyanasiyananso ndi mtundu wakuda ndi wobiriwira, wokhala ngati ma inflorescence ovuta ngati mimosa amapatsa mbewu iyi mawonekedwe abwino. Imatha kudabwitsanso onse komanso kuti asasangalale nthawi imodzi. Ndiosavuta kusankha machitidwe a chloranthus, ngati kuti adapangidwa mwachilengedwe kuti azikongoletsa osati sill sill, koma mkati, koma nthawi yomweyo ndizofunikira pakukonda kwake. Chloranthus adzaponya masamba ngakhale pachilala chochepa, komanso chojambula china - amakonda shading.
M'nyumba chloranthus.
Kodi chloranthus amawoneka bwanji?
Pakati pazomera zokongoletsera pali mitengo yambiri yazipatso kapena zitsamba zomwe zimatha kupezeka m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Koma chloranthus yoyambayo komanso yokongola ndiyabwino kwambiri. Pokhala chitsamba, chimabala choyamba molunjika, kenako ndikuyika mphukira, ndikukulolani kuti muone ngati chomera ndichikhalidwe chokulirapo.
Chloranthus m'malo ake achilengedwe
Chloranthus ndi amodzi mwa zitsamba zochititsa chidwi kwambiri zokongola zam'nyanja. Mwachilengedwe, chloranthus amapezeka m'malo otentha. Izi ndi maluwa akumapeto a China ndi Japan, mawonekedwe ake omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi mitundu yaku Asia ya maluwa okongola ndi mawonekedwe. Koma chloranthus amapezeka mwachilengedwe ku dera la Russia. Ichi ndi chomera chosowa kwambiri komanso chofunikira kwambiri m'nkhalango zosakanizika komanso zoyipa, zosagwira chisanu, zosazolowereka, zokhala pangozi komanso zotetezedwa ndi malamulo.
Zowona, nyumba zamkati zamkati ndizosiyana ndi mitundu yomwe imatha kupezeka ku Far East: monga mbewu yomwe idakulika mu mawonekedwe owumbika, zitsamba zimalimidwa, osati udzu wobiriwira, wokhala ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono ndi mphukira zotsika.
Chloranthus ndi "khadi loyendera" la banja laling'ono koma lodziwika bwino la a Chloranthaceae, lomwe linatchulidwa ndi mtundu wa Chloranthus. Zomera zimatha kutchedwa dzina lathunthu la botanical chlorantus, ndikosavuta - chlorant. Zomera zimadziwikanso mdziko lathu monga masamba, ndipo dzina lomasuliridwalo labwino limawonetsa bwino mawonekedwe.
Pakati pa oimira genus Chlorantus, zonse zokhala ndi udzu ndi zitsamba zimapezeka. Mitundu ya shrub yokha ndi yomwe imamera m'chipinda, komabe, zingakhale zomveka kunena kuti mbewuzo ndi zamtchire.
Masamba pang'ono, okhala ndi mphukira zowongoka komanso zopyapyala, chloranthus amakula mwachindunji, ndikupanga mtundu wamtchire. Mphukira zazing'ono zimamera mwachindunji, kenako ndikuyamba kuwerama ndikukhota, ndikupanga mtundu wamasewera kapena mathithi amadzi. Pa tchire limodzi, gawo lolunjika pakati ndi zopindika zowoneka m'mbali mwake zimawoneka zodabwitsa, ndikupanga mawonekedwe opatsa chidwi, owoneka bwino komanso owoneka bwino mu mitundu ya silhouette ndi mtundu wa korona.
Chloranthus ndi masamba a herbaceous mu chilengedwe chawo.
Zowoneka ngati chloranthus wa m'nyumba
Kutalika kwa chloranthus m'zipinda kumangokhala hafu ya mita. Zomera zambiri ndizabwino, zimayala tchire la squat ndi kutalika kwa 30 mpaka 40 cm.
Masamba ndiye chinthu chokongoletsera chachikulu cha chloranthus komanso mawonekedwe awo, mwina, owoneka bwino kwambiri. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe osavuta, achikale a masamba ang'ono-apakatikati moyang'anizana, ndikupanga zokongoletsera zokongola, mphukira, izi zimawoneka zokongola komanso zapamwamba.
Kutalika kotalika masentimita 7-8 m'mitundu yamkati, ndi owongoka, osalaza, okhala ndi mbali yayikulu komanso maziko opindika, masamba a chloranthus amawoneka kuti ndi akulu. M'lifupi mwake masamba ndi theka kutalika kwake. Mphezi zowala bwino zimatsimikizira kukongola kwa mtengowo, ndipo serate-tootot, yowonekera pokhapokha, m'mphepete imapatsa mbewuyo kukongola kwambiri.
Green ndi mtundu wokhawo utoto wa chloranthus. Masamba obiriwira amdima-glossy, alibe mawonekedwe apadera a ficus kapena ena mpikisano, koma pali mawonekedwe apadera, mapepala olimba, owonda, abwino komanso osazolowereka. Zomera, mthunzi wa mtundu umatha kukhala wopanda masamba, masamba achichepere akuwala, pakapita nthawi pang'onopang'ono amadetsedwa ndikupanga toni yakuda.
Maluwa otchedwa chloranthus
Ngakhale chikhalidwe chakongoletsa masamba, chloranthus pachimake kwambiri. Mwinanso uwu ndiye chomera chokhacho chomwe "Mtundu wobiriwira" ndiwothokoza. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi mabulangete osakanikirana amatengedwa mu ma spikelets, omwe nawonso amatengedwa ndimantha ndi maburashi ovuta, ndikupanga mawonekedwe otseguka ndikuwuluka inflorescence. Kunja, mapanikizidwe ena amatikumbutsa za mimoses.
Mtundu wobiriwira wa maluwa ndi mabulangere umazirala pang'onopang'ono ndipo umakulirakulira, ndipo mawonekedwe agolide a ma pedicel amawoneka kuti akuwunikira mantha kuchokera mkati. Koma paliponse la maluwa, chloranthus chimadziwika kuti ndi maluwa obiriwira. Chiyanjano chodabwitsa chimapangidwa pakati pa mtundu wamasamba ndi inflorescence, ndipo nthawi yamaluwa, chloranthus amawoneka mokongola.
Mitundu ya chloranthus wamkati
Sikovuta kudziwa kuti ndi mitundu iti ya chloranthus yomwe imabzala ngati chomera: mbewu zomwe zimagwera m'mashelefu nthawi zambiri sizilembedwa kapena zimatchedwa hybrid chloranthus (Chloranthus hybrid, Chloranthus hybridus, komanso Chloranthus x hybrida). Koma m'magulu ovomerezeka azomera, ma chloranthus osakanizidwa samaganiziridwa.
Mwina, chloranthus wamkati ndi mitundu yomwe idapangidwa ndikusankhidwa kwa nthawi yayitali ndikuwoloka masamba kutukuka kwamtundu, masamba komanso maluwa ochokera kumitundu yodziwika bwino yazomera - chlorant yayikulu ndi mpikisano wake wamkulu - spike chlorant.
Chlorant high (Chloranthus elatior, yemwe kale ankadziwika kuti chlorant mwachindunji - Chloranthus eisengus) ndi shrub pomwe mphukira zake zimatha kutalika mamita awiri kutalika. Bare, nthambi zoonda ndizokongoletsedwa kwambiri ndi chowulungika, ndi nsonga yolunjika, masamba osanjika osakwana 20 cm mpaka 10 cm mwazomera zam'mimba. Zosakhazikika, pafupifupi ngati pepala, zimasiyidwa ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa a mawonekedwe a glossy. Ndikosavuta kuzindikira kukula kwamtundu wobiriwira wapamwamba kwambiri: ma spikelets omwe amasonkhanitsidwa m'mabisiketi ndi mapanikizidwe amawoneka osalimba komanso odabwitsa ndi mtundu wawo wolemera wobiriwira.
Spiky chlorant (Chloranthus spicatus, dzina lodziwika bwino la chloranthus, Chloranthus inconspicuus) lilinso shrub, koma limakhala lofanana kwambiri. Kutalika kwakukulu kumawombera masentimita 30-60. Mphukira za Bare zimakongoletsedwanso ndi masamba okonzedwa bwino, koma ndizocheperako kukula (ngakhale mwachilengedwe - masentimita 10 okha), amawoneka okongola kwambiri komanso osalala, obovate, ali ndi m'mphepete mwamphamvuko, m'munsi moyang'ana komanso pamwamba utoto wosiyana. Ma spikelets a maluwa obiriwira achikasu amadzisonkhanitsa m'malo ovuta a inflorescence. Mtunduwu umakhala ndi fungo labwino.
Spiky Chlorant (Chloranthus spicatus).
Mikhalidwe yakukula mkati mwa chloranthus
Chloranthus sanapange mwangozi tanthauzo la imodzi mwazomera zokongoletsa masamba. Chomera sichofunikira pamawonekedwe a kutentha ndipo chimapatsa chidwi modabwitsa, chomwe sichimakhudzana ndi kutchuka kwake. Chloranthus amalambira kuzizira ndipo samalandira kutentha kotentha, koma zinthu zoyipa izi zimalipiridwa mosavuta ndi chisamaliro choyenera.
Chomerachi chimakhala bwino kwambiri m'minda yozizira komanso malo obiriwira, kukulolani kuti mupange maziko apadera a olemba ena ndi nyimbo zosangalatsa za magulu. Koma malo abwino a chloranthus amathanso kubwezeretsedwanso mukamakhala m'zipinda wamba. Uwu ndiwofunikira kwambiri kukongoletsa maofesi, makamaka mukawaika m'chipinda chozizira kapena malo olandirira alendo, komwe kukongola kwake kungakhale kofunikira kwambiri.
Kuyatsa ndi kuyika kwa chloranthus
"Khadi lalikulu la lipenga" la chloranthus ndi kulekerera kwawo. Mwa zikhalidwe zosawoneka bwino, ndi chloranthus yemwe amatha bwino ntchito yokongoletsa mkati. Zomera zitha kukhazikitsidwa patali ndi zenera. Chloranthus amakhutira ndi kuwunikira kochepa kwambiri, mbewu iyi imatha kuyikidwa pazenera zokha pokhapokha ngati kumpoto kapena kumadzulo kwa mawindo.
Dzuwa mwachindunji limaphatikizidwa, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwamasamba. Ma chloranthus okongoletsa kwambiri amafika pamthunzi wocheperako, momwe shading imatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera "mawonekedwe" a mbewu. Potengera kuzolowera pang'onopang'ono kapena kulima koyamba kuchokera kumadulidwe osayatsa bwino, chlorantus imakhala yokhutira ndi kuyatsa kochepa.
Chimodzi mwazabwino za chikhalidwe ndi malingaliro omwewo pakuwunikira kwachilengedwe ndi kwapangidwe. Chloranthus samakhutira ndi kuwala kwachilengedwe kofooka, komanso kuwunikira kofoka.
Chloranthus ndi mbewu zomwe zimapanga bwino limodzi komanso zimakonda kukhala ndi ntchito yokongoletsa nyimbo zovuta. Amakwanitsidwa ndimomwe amaphatikiza mankhwala othandizira ena ndipo amathandizira kuti pakhale nyengo yachisanu. M'magawo azikhalidwe, ngati chloranthus zibzalidwe zokhazokha, ndibwino kuwasiyanitsa ndi mbewu zina. Zowonadi sizongowonjezera kuti kufalikira kumafunikira malo okwanira. Chloranthus wogonjetsa ndi mawonekedwe ake osawoneka, chifukwa chake, miyambo ina yazodzikongoletsera yazithunzi ikapangidwa limodzi nawo imatha kuwoneka ngati yosasangalatsa.
Chloranthus, yemwe nthawi zambiri amakula mu ampel mawonekedwe. Ndizabwino pamabasiketi opachikika, koma zimawululira kukongola kwapadera mumbale zazitali kapena pamatayala, pomwe wina angayang'ane chomera osati kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba, koma kuchokera pamwamba, ndikuyang'ana kukongola kwa nthambi zomwazikana ndikusintha kwa nthambi zowongoka ndikuyamba kuyala.
Kutentha ndi mpweya wabwino
Ngakhale idakhala yotentha, chloranthus ndi mbewu yopanda kutentha ndipo salekerera kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa kutentha kwa mpweya. Samalekerera kuzizira pansipa + 12 ° C, m'malo abwino chipinda ndi bwino kuchepetsa kutentha kovomerezeka mpaka + 16 ° C.
Koma vuto lalikulupo kwa iwo amene akufuna kulima mbewuyi ndi kukonda kwake kutentha. Kutentha kwapadera kwa chloranthus kumakhala kosautsa kwambiri. Zomera zimayamba bwino kwambiri ndipo kwa zaka zambiri zimakhalabe zokongoletsa pamtunda wa +16 mpaka + 18 ° C. Ngakhale m'chilimwe, Zizindikiro za 18-20-degree ndizokwanira chloranthus.
Kutentha kukakwera kufika pa + 22 ° C ndi kupitirira pamenepo, mbewuyo imakhala yodziwika bwino kuzizindikiro za chinyezi ndipo imafunikira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
Chloranthus mkati.
Kusamalira chloranthus kunyumba
Ngati mungasankhe kukhala kotakasuka kwa chloranthus mosavuta, ndiye kuti posamalira akuwonetsa machitidwe ake osasunthika. Chomera ichi chitha kuvomerezedwa kwa okhawo odziwa bwino ntchito zamaluwa ndi okhawo omwe amatha kupereka njira zosamalirira nthawi zonse.
Chloranthus amagwetsa masamba ngakhale pang'ono ndiouma. Zomera sizimafa, zimakula kwambiri, ndikutulutsa mphukira zazing'ono pamiyala yakale yopanda pake komanso zotupa zatsopano pamtunda wa chitsamba, koma zimatenga nthawi yayitali kubwezeretsa, sizingatheke kusilira chitsamba chamtengo wapatali kwa miyezi yambiri.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Chloranthus ndiwosakanikirana, koma sangathe kuleketsa kuthilira kwamadzi nthaka. Zomera zimathiridwa madzi mokwanira komanso nthawi zambiri, kulola kuti gawo lalikulu la gawo lapansi liume m'miphika. Nthawi zonse mufunika kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa kuyanika kuchokera m'nthaka, chifukwa kufalikira kwam'madzi kumatengera kutentha kwa mbewu.
Kuyanika mwamphamvu, komanso kuyanika kwathunthu kwa gawo lapansi la chloranthus kumatsutsana. Chilichonse, ngakhale kanthawi kochepa chilala chimasandulika dontho lathunthu lamasamba. M'nyengo yozizira, chinyezi cha dothi chimatsitsidwa, kulola gawo lapansi kuti liume mpaka 5 cm.
Chloranthus amakonda kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
Kwa iwo, mutha kudziphatikiza nokha panjira iyi yowonjezera chinyezi, ndikukonzekera njira zamadzi nthawi zonse. M'chilimwe, kutentha kwa mpweya kwambiri, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika kangapo patsiku. Mukasungidwa m'minda yozizira, mbewu zimatha kukhutira ndi ntchito zamanyumba kapena kukhazikitsa zojambula zake.
Chloranthus amakonda moyo.
Mwa zina zoyenera za mbewuyi, muyenera kuyeretsa masamba kuchokera ku fumbi, komwe kungachitike ndi chinkhupule chonyowa.
Feteleza ndi kuphatikizira feteleza
Feteleza wa chlorantus amangogwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi ya kukula. Zakudya zowonjezera zimavulaza chomeracho kuposa kuperewera kwawo. Pazomera, pafupipafupi umuna umakhala wofunikira - 1 nthawi m'masabata awiri wochepetsedwa ndi feteleza pakati kapena nthawi imodzi pamwezi ndi mlingo wathunthu womwe wopangira wakupangira.
Kwa chloranthus gwiritsani feteleza wathunthu wama mineral kapena zosakaniza zovuta pazachilengedwe. Ma feteleza apadera okongoletsera ndi ovunda mbewu sioyenera kumera, kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni kumayipitsa zovuta za chomera ndi kuchuluka kwa masamba ake.
Chlorantus mumphika wopachikika.
Kudulira ndi chloranthus mapangidwe
Chloranthus mwachilengedwe amakonda kupanganso chitsamba chokulirapo. Nthambi Zomera, zimatulutsa nthambi zambiri zazing'ono. Ngati tchire ndikufuna kupereka mawonekedwe abwino, gwiritsani ntchito kudulira. Kufupikitsa kosavuta kwa ulusi wamtali kapena kudina kwa nsonga kumakupatsani mwayi wokhazikitsa kukula kwa chloranthus ndikukhalabe yaying'ono.
Mphukira za chomerazi sizidula theka la kutalika kwake. Potaya kukongoletsa kapena zizindikiro za ukalamba, kukonzanso kumasangalatsidwa ndi kudulira.
Ikani ndi gawo lina la chloranthus
Chomera chiikidwa pokhapokha ngati chikufunika. Chloranthus samakonda kulumikizana ndi mizu; samalandira bwino pakuwonetsa mizu. Ngakhale mbewu zazing'onozi amazika pokhapokha ngati ma rhizomes amatha gawo lonse, komanso pafupipafupi 1 nthawi yazaka 2-3.
Kwa chloranthus, gawo lapansi labwino kwambiri ndilabwino. Chikhalidwe ichi chimatha kubzala mumipanda yokhala ndi ulimi wothirira, ma hydroponics, mu ionite komanso gawo lochita kupanga. Dothi liyenera kukhala lopatsa thanzi, lotayirira, loyipa pakapangidwe. Ngati mukukonzekera osakaniza nokha, ndiye kuti mugwiritse ntchito soddy, dothi lamasamba ndi peat m'malo olingana ndi theka la mchenga. Kwa chlorant, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga wozungulira kapena perlite ngati chowonjezera chomasuka.
Pansi pa zotengera zina ndi chomera panali malo okwera, mpaka 1/3 a kutalika, ngalande. Chomera chimasinthidwa mosamala, kuchotsera dothi lokhalokha laulere.
Matenda, tizirombo ndi mavuto akukula
Ngakhale mawonekedwe a exotic, chlorantus ndi imodzi mwazomera zokhazikika zamkati. Kuti chikhalidwe ichi chikhale ndi mavuto ndi matenda kapena tizirombo, nkofunikira kukhazikitsa zinthuzo ndikuphwanya mwadongosolo malamulo osamalira. Pakakhala zopanda ukhondo, mmera umatha kudwala ndi akangaude.
Mavuto wamba pakukula kwa chloranthus:
- kuyanika masamba, mawonekedwe a mawanga pamasamba ochulukirapo feteleza;
- chikasu ndi kuponya masamba pamalo opendekera kapena kusokosera kwamadzi m'matumba.
Kubala kwa Chloranthus
Chomera chimawonedwa ngati chosowa, ndipo m'masitolo amaluwa musazengereze kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe ake apadera. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ngakhale mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo ya anthu akuluakulu, chloranthus imafalitsa mosavuta. Kunyumba pachikhalidwe ichi pogwiritsa ntchito njira zodulidwa.Kuchokera pambewu, mmera umakula pokhapokha mwa mafakitale.
Pofalitsa chloranthus, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito masamba obiriwira. Amadulidwa kuchokera ku nthambi zazing'ono, kupewa mphukira zomwe zimayamba kumira pansi. Childs, kudula kumachitika mu kasupe mu gawo la yogwira kukula, koma kudula kungadulidwe m'chilimwe. Pafupifupi, kutalika kwa masentimita 7-8, kudula kumazikidwa mu gawo la mchenga-peat, kusungitsa kutentha kwambiri, chinyezi cha dothi komanso chinyezi chamagetsi pansi pa hood. Kukula chothandizira chothandizira kumawonjezera mwayi kuzika mizu yambiri.
Kwa tchire lalikulu la chloranthus, njira yolekanitsa ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito. Njirayi iyenera kuchitidwa mosamalitsa, osawonongera dongo, koma kudula ndi mpeni pakati kapena mbali ziwiri. Pambuyo polekanitsa, mbewu zimapulumuka kwakanthawi, chiwopsezo cha kutaya tchire pakubereka uku ndi kwakukulu.
Ngati chloranthus akukhala m'nyumba mwanu, mugawane nawo zomwe zakulembani m'nkhaniyo. Tidzakhala othokoza kwambiri!
