Oyamba maluwa alibe zambiri zonena za woimira banja la buttercup, monga delphinium. Wodziwa bwino chilimwe, amadziwika kuti larkpur ndi felon. Mulinso pafupifupi 450 mitundu ya zomera zapachaka ndi zosatha. Gulu la delphiniums pachaka limayimiriridwa ndi mitundu 40. Komanso ndichikhalidwe kupatula mtundu wapafupi wotchedwa shingles (Consolida). Kukhazikika kwa malo okhala delphiniums ndi China, komanso mayiko ambiri ku Southeast Asia.
Pamsonkhano woyamba, ambiri amakhala ndi lingaliro loti delphinium wosadziwika bwino amafanana ndi mutu wa dolphin. Izi zikufotokozera dzina lake. Nthawi yomweyo, pali lingaliro lina, malinga ndi pomwe dzinalo limalumikizidwa ndi mzinda wachi Greek wa Delphi, pomwe dolphiniums adakula ambiri. Koma ngakhale mtundu uti uli wowona, alimi ambiri samvera zokongoletsa za chomera, chifukwa chake sichikhala chopanda tanthauzo m'munda wamaluwa.
Zithunzi za maluwa a Delphinium
Kuti mukule maluwa amenewa, muyenera kuchita khama kwambiri, koma muyenera kuchita khalani ndi maphunziro azaumulungu.
Malo oyenera kubzala delphinium ndi malo omwe amawunikira dzuwa m'mawa ndikutetezedwa ku mphepo zamphamvu.- Makamaka chidwi chake chiyenera kulipidwa pakapangidwe dothi, lomwe siliyenera kuthandiza pakukokoloka kwa madzi. Kupanda kutero, mbewuyo imawola ndi kufa.
- Mutabzala, muzu woyambira uyenera kuphimbidwa ndi mulch, mwachitsanzo, peat.
- Mitundu ya zipatso zamtengowu itha kukhala mbuto imodzi kwa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri. Mitundu ya Pacific, yomwe itatha zaka 3-4 ndikufunikira kuti ndikasungidwe, idzasangalatsidwa kwambiri ndi diso la wolima. Mphindi zotere zikadzafika, muyenera kugawanitsa chitsamba ndikusankha malo atsopano a delphinium.
- Kusamalira chomera ichi kumafuna kuchita ma garter angapo, apo ayi zimayambira zopanda pake zimatha kusweka chifukwa cha mphepo. Kuphatikiza apo, ufa wa powdery ndi mitundu ina ya tizirombo titha kusokoneza mbewu.
Malo oyenera kubzala delphinium ndi malo omwe amawunikira dzuwa m'mawa ndikutetezedwa ku mphepo zamphamvu.Ngati mungagwiritse ntchito nthawi yokwanira kusamalira dolphinium, ndiye kuti mudzadalitsidwa chifukwa cha khama lanu - mu June kenako mu Ogasiti kapena Seputembala Mukhale ndi mwayi wosangalala ndi maluwa otuwa awa.
Kukula delphinium kuchokera ku mbewu
Kuti dera la New Zealand delphinium likhale chimodzi mwazinthu zokongoletsa malo anu, muyenera kudziwa magawo akuluakulu a kulimidwa kwake pamalo otseguka.
Kufesa dolphinium
Kugwiritsa ntchito mbeu pobzala izi osangosunga ndalama, komanso kumadzetsa chisangalalo pochita zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Komanso kubzala mbewu si njira yokhayo yolerera delphinium. Njira zodziwika ndizo kugawanika kwa rhizome, impso ndi kudula. Komabe, tili ndi chidwi chotukula mbewu za delphinium kuchokera kumbewu.
Kubzala kufesa ndibwino kumapeto kwa February. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti malo osungira mbewu ayenera kukhala oyenera. Ngati agona m'malo owuma ndi otentha, ndiye kuti zimakhudza kumera kwawo. Chifukwa chake ngati inu ali ndi mbewu zatsopano, ndiye kufesa kuyenera kuchitika nthawi yomweyo kapena kumatha kuwatsala kufikira nthawi yoyenera, kuyikidwa mufiriji.
- Mbewu zanyengo zatsopano za New Zealand delphinium zimafesedwa pambuyo poti ziziba. Kuti muchite izi, ikani chodzala mu thumba la gauze ndikusiya njira yowala ya potaziyamu ya potaziyamu yowala kwa mphindi 20.
- Komanso, chithandizo cha mbewu chitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito yankho lokonzedwa pamaziko a fungwang. Komabe, pankhaniyi, muyenera kutsatira malangizo mosamalitsa.
- Zitatha izi, njere ziyenera kutsukidwa mwachindunji ndi madzi ozizira, ndikuyika mu yankho la epin kwa tsiku limodzi. Kuti mukonzekere, muyenera kuthira madontho ochepa a chinthucho mu theka la kapu ya madzi. Ntchitozi zikatha, mbewu zimatulutsidwa ndikuloledwa kuti ziume.
Gawo lotsatira ndikukonzekera dothi. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutengera zofanana za peat, dothi la m'munda ndi humus, komanso theka la mchenga wosambitsidwa ndi kufufutidwa. Kuthandizanso pamapangidwe awa kuwonjezera perlite malinga ndi chiwembu - theka chikho cha zinthu pa malita 5 a osakaniza. Tikuthokoza, dothi lidzakhala lopanda chinyezi komanso lotayirira. Kenako osakaniza amayenera kuyikamo madzi osamba ndikuwathira kwa ola limodzi. Chifukwa cha mankhwalawa, mumachotsa udzu ndi fungus spores. Pambuyo pake, amatenga zotengera ndikukonza dothi losakaniza mmalo mwake, nthawi ndi nthawi kuipondaponda.
Delphinium ikamatera Bzalani mbeu m'njira yoti igawanikidwe padziko lapansi. Nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kuyika zilembo pomwe mitundu ndi tsiku lofesa zikuwonetsedwa. Kenako, mwachindunji pa njere, kutsanulira dothi losakaniza ndi 3mm. Izi zikuthandizira kupewa kutuluka kwa mbeu m'nthawi yoyamba kuthirira. Zosanjikiza zapamwamba zimafunika kuti zikulungike pang'ono. Ndiye kumwa madzi ozizira owiritsa ndikusansira dothi. Kenako chidebe chotsekeracho chimakutidwa ndi chivundikiro chowoneka, kanema wakuda kapena chophimba chimayikidwa pamenepo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mbeu yabwino kwambiri kumera kwa mbewu za delphinium, popeza zimathamanga kwambiri mbande zimawoneka mumdima. Kenako zinthuzo ziyenera kuyikidwa pazenera pafupi ndigalasi momwe mungathere.
Kuti kumere kwanthete kwa njere, ndikofunikira kuti kuzikhala kutentha mkati mwa + 10-15 madigiri. Chiwerengero cha mbewu zomwe zidaphukira ndizokwanira ngati mutayika chidebecho kwa masiku atatu mufiriji kapena khonde loyatsidwa. Nthawi yomweyo, simuyenera kuopa kuzizira kwa usiku - amatha kupirira kutentha mpaka madigiri 5. Pakatha milungu iwiri, ndikofunikira kuyika chidebe pazenera.
Phindu la ntchito imeneyi, yomwe imadziwika kuti stratization, imadzadziwoneka ngati mbande imodzi mpaka milungu iwiri. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuyang'ana nthawi zonse malo obzala ndikuchotsa filimuyo ngati mphukira yoyamba iwonekera. Muyeneranso kuonetsetsa kuti dziko lapansi nthawi zonse limanyowa. Pamafunika izi pafupipafupi kumukwapula ndi kutsegula chidebe kuti athe kulowa ndi mpweya womwe muchotseketsa.
Delphinium mbande
Mutha kudziwa mbande zathanzi mwa mtundu wakuda wobiriwira ndi masamba oyimba. Ma cotyledon awo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe. Atadikirira kukhazikitsidwa kwa masamba 2-3 mu mbewu, amatola mbewuzo ndikuziika mumiphika ndi mulingo wa 230 ml. Tsopano ayamba kukula pa kutentha osapitirira + 20 digiri Celsius. Afunika zibzalidwe pofunda komanso yopumira.
Zomera sizithiriridwa madzi pafupipafupi, popeza pamakhala ngozi ya "mwendo wakuda", chifukwa mbande zonse zitha kufa. Kumayambiriro kwa Meyi, yambani kuyambitsa mbande pawindo kuti izitha kugwira bwino zinthu zachilengedwe. Ndikofunikanso kuti muzitulutsira kunja mwachidule dzuwa lowala.
Nthawiyo isanafike, kuti mbewu yonyamula mbewu ikhale pamalo okhazikika, imafunika kudyetsedwa. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo "Agricola" ndi "Mofu"zimapangitsa kamodzi kapena kawiri ndikupitilira pakati pa masabata awiri. Panthawi imeneyi, pewani kulumikizana ndi yankho la masamba. Mbewu zikakhala zokwanira, amazibzala m'malo osafunikira. Nthawi zambiri, panthawiyi, dothi loumbika mumphika limalowetsedwa kale ndi mizu, choncho sizingakhale zovuta kuchotsa mbandezo mumbale.
Delphinium ikamatera
Yoyenera kubzala mbande za New Zealand delphinium m'malo okhazikika ndi nthawi yomwe chisanu chomaliza chitha. Ndikufuna kubwerezanso kuti ibzalidwe pamalo omwe amayatsidwa ndi dzuwa mpaka masana, pomwe madzi sadzasunthika.
Musanafike, muyenera kukonzekera maenje, omwe iyenera kukhala ndi izi:
- m'mimba mwake - 40 cm;
- kuya - 50 cm;
- mtunda pakati pa mbeu ndi 60-70 cm.
Pambuyo pake, ayenera kudzazidwa ndi dothi losakaniza, lomwe muyenera kutenga humus (theka la chidebe), feteleza wosavuta (supuni ziwiri), phulusa (1 galasi). Kuphatikizikako kuyenera kusakanikirana ndi nthaka kuti kusakhudzana kwa feteleza ndi mizu ya mbande. Chotsatira, muyenera kupanga chofooka, kubzala mmera mmalo mwake, kuthana ndi mizu ndikuthilira dimba. Mu milungu yoyamba mutabzala amafunika kutetezedwa chifukwa cha zovuta: chifukwa cha ichi amapaka mabotolo apulasitiki kapena mitsuko yagalasi. Ndi malo oterowo, amakula kuti azika mizu. Pachizindikiro choyamba cha kukula, pogona pamachotsedwa.
Chisamaliro cha Dolphinium
Kukula kuchokera mu nthanga kumatenga mphamvu zambiri kuchokera kwa wosamalira mundawo, koma kusamalira mbewu ndikosafunanso monga kubzala. Kuyembekezera nthawi yomwe mphukira zikafika kutalika kwa 10-15 masentimita, zimadyetsedwa ndi yankho la manyowa a ng'ombe. Kuti mukonzekere, muyenera kuswana chidebe cha feteleza 10 malita a madzi. Mtundu wopatsidwa wakonzedwera tchire zazikulu 5. Tikatha kulima mabedi, nthaka imakutidwa 3 cm wandiweyani mulch. Imatha kukhala humus kapena peat.
Kucheka tchire kudzafunikira panthawi yomwe kutalika kwa tsinde kudzakhala 20-30 cm. Pambuyo pa opareshoni, zosaposa 3-5 zimayambira kukhalabe kuthengo. Zotsatira zake, zitha kuyembekezera kuti inflorescence zazikulu komanso zowoneka bwino zimakula kuchokera kwa iwo. Pakupatulira, ndikofunikira kudula mphukira zofowoka kwambiri mkati mwa chitsamba. Muyenera kusankha malo odulira pansi kwambiri momwe mungathere. Pambuyo pake, imateteza ku kuwonongeka kwa mbewu ndi matenda, komanso imapereka mpweya wabwino.
Ngati, mutatha kupatulira, zimapezeka kuti zodulidwazo sizopanda kanthu ndipo zili ndi chidendene, ndiye kuti zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuzika mizu. Kuti muchite izi, ikani mafuta osakaniza ndi piritsi yophwanyidwa ya heteroauxin pamalo odulidwa, kenako ndikwaza magaziwo ndi mchenga ndi peat ndikuyika pansi pa kanema. Mizu yoyamba ya kudulidwa imayamba kupanga kale pambuyo masabata 3-6. Pakadutsa milungu iwiri, amakagona pabedi. Mwanjira imeneyi, kufalitsa kwa delphinium kumachitika ndi njira yodula.
Pambuyo podikirira kwakanthawi pomwe kutalika kwa mbewu kutalika kwa 40-50 cm, pafupi ndi chitsamba chilichonse muyenera kukhazikitsa ndodo zitatu zothandizira mpaka kutalika kwa masentimita 180.Ndibwino kuti musankhe malo awo kutali ndi mizu. Kenako, ayenera kumanga zomera za chomera ndi nthonje kapena nsalu. Izi zikuthandizira kuti zisawonongeke pamitengo yawo komanso kuwonongeka pamphepo yamphamvu. Apanso, garter imachitika pamene mbewu inafika kutalika kwa 100-120 cm.
Pomaliza
Zachidziwikire aliyense wokhala chilimwe amalota kuti abzale chomera chachilendo m'dziko lathu pachikhalidwe chake. Chifukwa chake, delphinium yokhala ndi nthawi yayitali ikhoza kukhala njira yabwino pankhaniyi. Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu ndi imodzi mwanjira zosavuta. Ambiri amazindikira mawonekedwe ake oyambirira a duwa, lomwe kufanana ndi mutu wa dolphin. Chifukwa chake, ichi ndi chifukwa chabwino chomera ichi pachokha. Kuchita bwino pankhani imeneyi kumadalira mbande, chifukwa chake muyenera kulabadira gawo lililonse lakumera. Ndikofunikira kuti musamangokhala ndi boma lotentha lamafuta, komanso kuwerengera molondola kuchuluka kwa kuthirira, apo ayi mbewu za delphinium sizingakhale moyo mpaka zitabzalidwa pabedi.
