Zomera zoperesa ndi imodzi mwazomera zochepa zamkati, zomwe maluwa ake nthawi yachisanu samadziwika kuti ndiwopanda kanthu. Ndipo ngati nyenyezi zambiri zimawala bwino ndi mitundu yowala ya pastel, ndiye bulb imodzi imodzi imabweretsa dzuwa lowoneka bwino mu Africa mnyumba. Lashenalia ndi yosakhala yachilendo komanso chikhalidwe si cha aliyense. Kuti muchite bwino ndikudikirira maluwa, muyenera kupatsa mbewu iyi bwino. Ndipo kumusamalira sikophweka.
Lachenalia aloe-mawonekedwe, kapena lachenalia aloe-mawonekedwe (Lachenalia aloides).
Indoor lashenalia si chomera kwa aliyense
Lashenaliakomanso lachenalia (Lachenalia) - chikhalidwe chomwe chimaganiziridwa makamaka ngati chomera chodulidwa, ndipo mwamwambo chimakula m'minda yobiriwira. Koma nyengo yozizira, pakakhala kusowa kwambiri kwamitundu yowala, kuwonjezera pa cyclamen ndi poinsettias, kufalikira kwa lashenalia kumawonekera kwambiri pamashelefu. Chomera lero chingapezeke ngati chosakwanira. Zowona, lashenalia imasankhidwa ndi okhawo omwe amatha kupereka kutentha ndi kuzizira kokwanira nthawi yozizira.
Chipolopolo chodabwitsa ichi chidabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku Cape of South Africa ndipo, ndichimodzi mwazinthu zowala kwambiri zamaluwa zaku Afrika zomwe zili mkati. Mu mtundu wa Lachenalia, pafupifupi mitundu 90 ya zomera zophatikiza. Koma monga chikhalidwe cha chipinda chogwiritsa ntchito chomera chooneka bwino kwambiri cha mtundu - aloe ausheid (Lachenalia aloides,, ndipo ngakhale izi zimayimiriridwa makamaka ndi mitundu yosakanizidwa yokhala ndi ma maluwa abwino.
Lachenalia amaonedwa kuti ndi anyezi wapadera, osati chifukwa cha maluwa ake okongoletsa kwambiri, komanso chifukwa bulb iliyonse imakonda kutulutsa masamba awiri okha. Kusavala kwa ntchentche yowoneka bwino kungakhale koyipa ngati sikunali kwa maluwa ambiri, omwe "amaphimba" msipu. Kutalika, yopapatiza, lamba-ngati-mzere, wokhala ndi mawanga a bulauni pamtunda wapamwamba, masamba a lashenalia amakula mpaka 25 cm, m'munsi amazunguliridwa ndi gawo lotsekeka lotsekeka. Chomera chimagwetsa masamba awiriwo nthawi isanayambe. Mababu ndi ozungulira kapena osanja pang'ono, okhala ndi mainchesi 1.5 mpaka 3 masentimita, okhala ndi masikelo agolide otsekemera.
Laushenalia amayenda mpaka 25cm kutalika kwake ndi kwamphamvu kwambiri, atavala korona wokhala ndi burashi lotayirira la inflorescence lomwe limawoneka labwino komanso lodabwitsa. Babu imodzi yachikulire imatha kumasula osati imodzi, koma mpaka maulendo anayi. Nthawi zambiri zimatenga miyezi iwiri kuyambira pachiyambi cha kukula kwa masamba mpaka maluwa. Maluwa opepuka a chubu la lashenalia, omwe nthawi zambiri amatsika, amakhala ndi utoto wowala komanso wosasinthika. Kutalika kwa maluwawo mpaka masentimita 3.5. Mu burashi limodzi, maluwa 10 mpaka 40 amatengedwa, omwe kumtunda satsegulidwa kwathunthu. Nthawi zambiri mtundu wachikaso wachikaso umaphatikizidwa ndi "mikwingwirima" yofiyira kapena yofiirira kumapeto onse a duwa (mtundu wa chubu umasiyana ndi miyala yolowera m'mphepete ndi kuchokera pansi), mumitundu ina mtundu wofiyira wowala umasinthidwa ndi maluwa oyera achikasu, ndipo maluwa enieniwo amakongoletsedwa ndi madontho. M'magulu azikhalidwe, maluwa achikasu, m'malo mwa maluwa ofiirira ofala amakhala ponseponse. Koma utoto wamitundu nthawi zonse umakhala ndi zosankha zamoto zokha - chikaso, wofiira, lalanje. Ziphuphu zakumera zakunja ndi maolivi obiriwira azitchuka kwambiri masiku ano.
Mwachikhalidwe, nthawi yamaluwa ya lashenalia imapezeka pakati pa chisanu, imayamba ku Januware mpaka Marichi. Ngati mungafune, imatha "kusunthidwa", pokhapokha mutakhala ndi mwayi wopatsa kuzizira nthawi zina, ndipo ngakhale ndiye kuti tikulankhula za mwezi umodzi kapena iwiri, popeza kutentha kosatha kumatha kupezeka kuchokera hafu yachiwiri ya nthawi yophukira mpaka pakati pa kasupe. Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino za lashenalia ndikuti mbewu zazing'ono zimaphuka nthawi zambiri ngakhale mchaka chawo choyamba.
Lachenalia aloe-mawonekedwe, kapena lachenalia aloe-mawonekedwe (Lachenalia aloides).
Nthawi yopuma ya lashenalia, motero, imagwera chilimwe.
Kukula lashenalia si ntchito yovuta. Chomera ichi chitha kuvomerezedwa osati kwa odziwa zamaluwa okha, komanso kwa iwo omwe ali ndi mwayi wokhoza kukonzekera zomwe zili. Kupatula apo, kutentha kwa mpweya pafupifupi madigiri 12 nthawi ya maluwa sikutheka kwa ambiri. Mosiyana ndi kusankha kwa mikhalidwe, njira zosamalirira sizingatchedwe zovuta. Lashenalia imangofunika njira zokhazokha panthawi yomwe ikukula, ndipo pakatha miyezi yochepa mbewu imatha kuyiwalika.
Kuwala kwa Laushenalia
Ichi ndi chikhalidwe chokonda kwambiri dzuwa chomwe sichimawopa ngakhale kuwunika mwachindunji (kupatula masana). Kuwala kwambiri kwa lasenalia mu gawo lazomera, ndibwino. M'nyengo yozizira, pamene lashenalia imakonda kutulutsa, simungathe popanda kuwunikira kowonjezereka. Ngakhale kuwonekera pazenera lakumwera sikungakhale kokwanira, makamaka ngati nyengo ili yotentha. Zomera zopanda kanthu zimayalidwa pamthunzi, zimangowunikira kokha ndi zizindikiro za kuyambiranso kukula.
Kutentha kosangalatsa
Kusankhidwa kwa zinthu ndendende ndi kutentha ndiko, nthawi yovuta kwambiri kukula bulb. Laushenalia imatha kuphuka bwino. Ndipo momwe zinthu ziliri zikuyenera kukhala zowoneka bwino mzipinda zogona: kutentha kumayambira 8 mpaka 14 madigiri kumawoneka kukhala oyenera. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuzizira koteroko usiku, koma masana kutentha kumatenthe kwambiri. Kutentha kovomerezeka kopitilira kukongola kwakukulu ndi pafupifupi madigiri 16.
Panthawi yokhalitsa, babu omwe wataya masamba. Zimamva bwino kutentha kutentha, palibe malo apadera a lashenalia omwe ayenera kupanga. Mababu opanda masamba sachita mantha konse ndi kutentha.
Kwa lashenalia, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wabwino nthawi zonse ngakhale ukupuma.
Lachenalia aloe-mawonekedwe, kapena lachenalia aloe-mawonekedwe (Lachenalia aloides).
Lausenalia kuthirira ndi chinyezi cha mpweya
Chinyezi chokhazikika komanso chopepuka, osachita mopitilira muyeso kapena kusefukira - ili ndiye cholinga chachikulu chomwe chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa posamalira lasenalia, yomwe ikugwira ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito masamba. Pankhaniyi, kuthirira kwambiri ndikwabwino m'malo mwambiri pafupipafupi komanso molondola.
Kutsirira kumayima kwathunthu pomwe lashenalia imayamba kupanga chikasu masamba (masabata angapo pambuyo maluwa). Asanayambirenso kukula, lasenalia samathiriridwa, pang'onopang'ono kuyambiranso kuwasamalira pokhapokha ngati masamba atakula. Kutsirira kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, kumayambiriro kumangokhala ochepa komanso kuthirira osowa, ndiye kukulitsa pafupipafupi ndipo pokhapokha - kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Nthawi zonse, dothi limamasulidwa pang'ono, ndikupuma. Lachenalia ndi imodzi mwazomera zochepa zamkati zomwe zimakonda mulching (mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mulch kuchokera ku zokongoletsera mpaka moss).
Chinyezi sichofunikira kwa lashenalia, koma chomeracho sichimakonda zina mwazizindikiro zomwe ndizapamwamba kwambiri kapena zotsika kwambiri. Kumwaza mwachindunji kumatengera kutentha kwa mpweya: ndikosafunika kuzichita bwino, ndipo panthawi yomwe lashenalia imatentha, sikuti imafunika. Koma ngati mbewuyo ili ndi kutentha kwambiri pa nthawi ya maluwa kapena kukula kwa masamba (ndipo palibe mwayi wochepetsa kutentha), ndibwino kuyamba kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Koma kupukuta mokhazikika kwa tsamba la lashenalia ndi chinkhupule chonyowa kapena kansalu kopukutira ndikofunikira kwambiri komanso kuvomerezedwa. Pa maluwa ndi maluwa, amapukutidwa kangapo pa sabata.
Feteleza wa lashenalia
Chomera chimafuna feteleza pokhapokha nthawi yamasamba otakataka - osati maluwa ndi maluwa, komanso kukula kwa masamba. Kudyetsa kumachitika sabata iliyonse, koma mlingo wa feteleza wotchulidwa ndi wopanga umachepetsedwa ndi theka.
Kwa lashenalia, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zokha zokongoletsera maluwa.
Lachenalia aloe-mawonekedwe, kapena lachenalia aloe-mawonekedwe (Lachenalia aloides).
Kudulira kwa Lachenalia
Mutha kuchotsa ma peduncles ku babu iyi maluwa atafota kale. Koma masamba amawadula kokha atatha kupukuta. Ngakhale zachikasu, koma kusunga masamba ena ndi "juices" osiyidwa kuti azitsalira kufikira atafa: chifukwa chake, mababu a lashenalia amakhala ndi michere yambiri ndikukonzekera nthawi yotsika.
Lausenalia kumuika ndi gawo lapansi
Mosiyana ndi zokumbira, zokhala ndi "zisa" zochulukirapo, lashenalia imakonda kuikulitsa pachaka. Muziwononga pakatha nthawi yopuma, koyambilira kwa nthawi yophukira kapena masamba atatha masamba. Mwanjira zambiri, zofunikira pakuwonjezera pachaka zimalumikizidwa ndikuti chomera chimakonda zitsulo zazing'onoting'ono, komanso mapangidwe achangu a mababu a ana, omwe ndi ofunika kuti alekanitsidwe nthawi yomweyo. Pazaka zonse zokha, mbewuyo imasiyidwa m'nthaka - yakale kapena yatsopano, kuwulula miphika mumdima (kutentha kwa firiji).
Omwe amalima maluwa ambiri amalima lashenalia ngakhale m'nthaka "m'munda", ndikuwonjezera peat ndi mchenga kuti apititse patsogolo mawonekedwe ake. Koma ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito gawo locheperako komanso labwino kwambiri pazomera zamaluwa kapena dothi losakanika "kwambiri" pazomera zochulukitsa. Musanabzale izi, gawo lapansi liyenera kuyeretsedwa bwino.
Zophatikizira zamtundu wosazungulira zimasankhidwa kuti zigwiritse ntchito lashenalia - zotengera zazitali, kutalika kwake komwe ndi kotsika kwambiri mpaka m'mimba mwake. Koma nthawi yomweyo, zotengera ziyeneranso kukhala zazing'onoting'ono: nthawi zambiri miphika yokhala ndi masentimita pafupifupi 12-14 imasankhidwa kuti ikhale ya lashenalia.
Ndikwabwino kubzala lashenalia popanda babu imodzi, koma m'magulu ang'onoang'ono (kuchokera ku 5-8 mababu). Pakudula, mababu amayenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala, nthawi yomweyo kukonza zowonongeka kapena kuzitaya zonse, pogwiritsa ntchito zokhazokha zokhazokha zodzala bwino. Mababu a lashenalia adakwiriridwa kwathunthu, kumizidwa masentimita 2-3 kuchokera pansi (kotero kuti khosi la babu limakhala pafupifupi pamlingo womwewo ndi nthaka). Kuteteza ku zowola ndi kuthilira kwamadzi, ma lashenalia nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kuti abzalidwe ndi ngalande zapamwamba: mabulawo amamizidwa mu dothi mpaka theka, ndipo dongo lokwanilidwa, miyala kapena mulch wina limatulutsa khosi. Mutabzala, kuthirira yambiri kumachitika, koma njirazi zimayimitsidwa mpaka pali chizindikiro cha kukula kwa masamba.
Lachenalia aloe-mawonekedwe, kapena lachenalia aloe-mawonekedwe (Lachenalia aloides).
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta lashenalia
Lachenalia amaopa zinthu ziwiri zokha - kunyamula kwamadzi ndi kuphatikizika kwa nthaka. Ngati simumasulira dothi, sankhani gawo lolakwika kapena musalole kuthilira kwambiri, ndiye kuti mbewuyo itha kudwala matenda owola ndi zina. Kuti muthane ndi mavutowa, muyenera kuphatikiza kukonza ndikusamalira mankhwalawa.
Mwa tizirombo, mealybugs, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi nthata za akangaudezo zimawopseza lashenalia. Mutha kulimbana nawo pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso kutsuka masamba mosamala.
Mavuto wamba pakukula kwa lashenalia:
- kutambasula mbewu mu kuyatsa kosayera;
- kufinya masamba, kuwotcha masamba nthawi yokonza, kutentha pang'ono kapena kotentha komanso mumthunzi;
- Duwa ladzuwa lambiri pamALO otentha kwambiri.
Kubalana wa lashenalia
Chifukwa cha maphunziro akhama a ana omwe amatha kuphuka, ngati sichikhala choyamba, ndiye mchaka chachiwiri, ndizosavuta kufalitsa lasenalia. Zomera zomwe sizimapezeka zimagulitsidwa, ndipo kuti mbeu zatsopano zitheke ndikutengera mababu a mayi ndi mwana nthawi iliyonse pakubzala ndikuwadzala m'magulu a mbewu za ana aakazi atatu m'miphika yaying'ono kuposa yaying'ono. "Sakanizani" mababu akuluakulu a lashenalia ndi "ana" sikuyenera. Mutabzala, mababu amathiriridwa pang'ono, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa madzi kuyambira sabata lachitatu mutabzala.
Ngati mukufuna, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina.
Zidutswa za masamba ndizokhazikika mu Lashenalia (mpaka mababu atatu amapangidwa pansi pa tsamba). Masamba amafunika kudulidwa pakati pomwe, m'munsi mwa gawo lapansi. Azike mu mchenga, ndikuzama ndi 1.5-2 cm, ndikuthirira ndi yunifolomu imodzi.
Ngati mutakwanitsa kuti mbewu za lashenalia ziwonekere ndikuwunda kwamaluwa kapena kupeza mbewu, ndiye kuti zimafesedwa mwachangu, ndikuyika imodzi pamtunda wa 2 cm pamchenga. Pukutani nyemba pa chinyezi chachikulu pansi pa kanema kapena galasi. Kutentha kochepa kwa mizu ya lashenalia ndi 18 madigiri. Kumera kwapansi panthaka, kuti mwachita bwino, titha kumvetsetsa kokha pakuwoneka tsamba loyamba pamtunda (mbewu zomwezo zimatsalabe m'nthaka). Ndikofunikira kuti ana a lashenalia apatsidwe kuwunikira kowala ndi chinyezi chinyezi chokhazikika.
Ma lashenalia opezeka ndi masamba odulidwa kapena mbewu nthawi zambiri amatulutsa mchaka chachiwiri.
