Kuweta njuchi kumafunikira osati lingaliro lamalingaliro chabe, zida zopangira njuchi zimagulidwa kale kuposa banja la njuchi. Zochepera zochepa zimaphatikizapo zida zosungira tizilombo, kuzisamalira, komanso kukonza uchi. Zovala zodzitchinjiriza ndizofunikira kuti musayende ndi kuluma.
Valani mng'oma
Malo omwe abwereketsa kapena owumba malo owetera njuchi ndi tsamba lotseguka pomwe masamba ndi udzu amachotsedwa. Ndipo zida zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito njuchi ndi mng'oma, nyumba ya banja la njuchi. Ming'oma yambiri imatchulidwa ngati nyumba zopingasa ndi zowongoka. Amasiyana mosiyanasiyana, mtundu wa mafelemu apamwamba kwambiri, jacks za zida. Koma njuchi yopanda kudzaza mkati ndi bokosi lamitundu yachilendo. Kwathu njuchi kumapangitsa kukhala makonzedwe. Chida choyamba chodzipangira nokha njuchi ndi malo amtchire. Mng'oma suikidwa pansi, chifukwa muyenera kupanga matabwa, zitsulo, pulasitiki, kukweza nyumbayo masentimita 30 kuchokera pansi.
Mapangidwe a mng'oma adzafunika kuphatikizidwa ndi mafelemu momwe njuchi zimasungira uchi. Mtundu uliwonse wamng'oma uli ndi kukula kwake ndi kuchuluka kwa mafelemu. Nthawi zambiri mafelemu 12 amayikidwa mumng'oma. Kwa mabanja achichepere ndi okonda novice amagwiritsa ntchito nyumba zazing'ono ndi mafelemu 8. Kugulitsa mwapadera komwe kumagulitsa malonda a njuchi, mutha kuwagulira njuchi ndi mafelemu. Mafelemu amatha kukhala matabwa kapena pulasitiki. Zithunzi zamatabwa ndizosavuta kudzipangira zokha, koma nthawi yotentha mtengo umatha, kumanyowa ndikutupa nthawi yozizira, ndipo umabwereka mosavuta kumeno a makoswe.
Ubwino wa mafelemu apulasitiki:
- olimba, pakuyendetsa phula siphulika;
- ntchito uchi olekanitsa amtundu uliwonse;
- Simalandira uchi, suuma;
- zosavuta.
Komabe, njuchi sizimakonda kugwira ntchito ndi sera papulasitiki, mafelemu ndi osalimba kwambiri ndipo sangathe kubwezeretsedwanso. Ndi zida ziti zomwe mungasankhe njuchi, mlimi aganiza.
Mu mawonekedwe osankhidwa, sera ndi yolumikizidwa ndi waya. Pa pepala loonda ngati pepala, njuchi zimamanga zisa za uchi.
Njuchi iliyonse imafunikira chinsalu chomwe chimalekanitsa zisa uchi. Chovala ndi nsalu yopangidwa ndi nsalu zachilengedwe. Zimakhalabe zogulira zakumwa zakumwa ndi kudyetsa njuchi m'sitolo yogulitsa zonse za njuchi ndi njuchi, ndipo njuchi ikonzeka kulowa. Chimango chapamwamba cha nyumbayo chimayenera kupakidwa utoto wowala wa mafuta. Uku ndikuteteza mabatani ku chinyezi komanso malangizo kwa njuchi zouluka kuti zizikolola uchi.
Kuteteza mlimi
Njuchi zimateteza mng'oma kuti isalowe, ngakhale mutawononga moyo wake. Njuchi yoluma imafadi, ikusiya phenoscis pakhungu la mdani. Chifukwa chake, zovala zoteteza mukamagwira ntchito ndi njuchi ndizofunikira. Ziyenera kukhala zowala. Chidacho chimaphatikizapo:
- chipewa chokhala ndi brim ndi ukonde wophatikizidwa wopangidwa ndi tulle, wokhala ndi zingwe zopota kuchokera pansi;
- kudumpha kapena zovala zosavuta kuphimba thupi;
- magolovesi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito wamba, nyumba, yoluka;
- nsapato zotsekedwa.
Kuluma kwa njuchi kumakhala kowawa, koma pali njira yochizira matenda amisempha chifukwa kuluma kwa njuchi kumakhala ngati mankhwala.
Njira yabwino kwambiri yodzitetezera ku njuchi. Zovala zoyera zosanunkhiza ngati thukuta, kusowa kwa mafuta onunkhira komanso fungo labwino zimayambitsa tizilombo m'njira yamtendere. Kusuntha kuyenera kukhala kosalala, kolankhula mofatsa.
Zida Zamtundu wa Beehive
Pofuna kusangalatsa njuchi zoteteza chisa chawo, wosuta amafunika. Dymar ndi kida mkati momwe muli chipinda chokhala ndi pansi, wokhala ndi makala ndi makala. Mothandizidwa ndi ma belu, mpweya umaponyedwa mu kabati, utsi wotsogola umatuluka pamphuno. Utsi wa njuchi ndi chizindikiro cha moto ndipo iwo, atasonkhanitsa uchi mu goiter, amawuluka. Pakadali pano, mlimi amateteza mng'oma wotseguka.
Mukamagwira ntchito, mufunika chisoti chapadera cha njuchi, chomwe mlimi akukankha chimango, kuyeretsa mipata, kusonkhanitsa phula. Burashi yoyera yopangidwa ndi hatchi yachilengedwe imafunikira, njuchi zimasesedwa pachimacho ndikulowetsa mu pallet.
Kwa mlimi woyamba, ndikofunikira kupanga kapena kugula bokosi lonyamula mafelemu, mpeni wa njuchi yonse imawonedwa kuti ndi zida zovomerezeka zokulitsira njuchi.
Zida zopopera uchi
Inde, njuchi zimasunga uchi kuti ukwaniritse zosowa zabanja. Koma amazisunga kawiri kuposa momwe angadye. M'chilimwe, banja lonse la njuchi limagwira ntchito yolemba uchi. Kutola uchi wambiri ndi uchi ndi cholinga cha mlimi. Chifukwa chake, nthawi 2-3 nthawi yachilimwe, zisa za uchi zimatengedwa kuchokera mumng'oma kuti muchotse uchi. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito uchi wodzipatula. Chipangizocho ndi thanki yokhala ndi chingwe chotembenukira mkati chomwe chiikidwa. Zipangiri ndizotsatana komanso zowulutsa. Ngati mafelemu anayiwo akuimira chithunzithunzi choyatsidwa mkati mwa patsekelo, uku ndi kutulutsa uchi wina. Ngati zisa za uchi zakhazikitsidwa kuchokera kutsinde lamkati kupita paziphuphu, chidacho ndi chowongolera.
Kuphatikiza apo, mumafunikira sieve, kusefa uchi pakapompa. Kuti mudule matabwa muyenera mpeni wapadera. Gome lomwe uchi umasindikizidwa ndi chida chapadera chokhala ndi zotungira zapadera zosungira zida. Uchi umathiridwa mumtsuko ndi kampu yomwe ili pansi. Zida zonsezi zitha kugulidwa m'sitolo momwe amagulitsira zinthu zopangira njuchi.
Mungatani nokha mu njuchi
Choyamba, muyenera kukonza mbale yakumwa zakumwa za njuchi pafupi ndi mng'oma. Tizilomboti timamwa madzi ena omwe amawawiritsa padzuwa. Kuchokera mu madzi oundana amatha kuyamba kuzimiririka. Chifukwa chake, chakumwa chabwino kwambiri chimakhala bolodi yakale yamatabwa yopanda matipi, yomwe ili pamzere ndipo madzi akutsikira pamwamba pake. Mtsinje wopendekera umakopa tizilombo. Iwo amene akufuna kumwa amakhala akungoyendayenda pamakumwa. Intrahulling amapanga dongosolo nthawi yozizira.
Omshanik m'dera lililonse limamangidwa poganizira zovuta zambiri. Ndikwabwino kuti upangire upangiri wa akatswiri alimi omwe akudziwa bwino.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa njira zakukonza sera pa chimango ndi waya wamtambo kapena mzere wasodzi. Phunzirani kupanga chimango pa nthawi yosunga uchi. Koma nthawi yovuta kwambiri ndikukhazikika kwa chisanu, komwe muyenera kupanga, dziwitsani manja anu Omshanik.
