Duwa la Edelweiss ndi la banja la Asters kapena Asteraceae. Mu vivo amakula Carpathians ndi Alps. Gawo la Russia limera pachilumba cha Sakhalin ndi Moneron. Pamenepo amamera m'maboma a Usuri ndi Udsky. Edelweiss amakulanso ku Altai ndi Siberia.
Kumene adachokera
Akatswiri a zam'madzi amutcha kuti mkango wa mkango. Ndiye zikuyenda bwanji kumasulira kolondola kuchokera ku Chigriki. Amadziwika choncho chifukwa ali ndi mawonekedwe achilendo. Chimawoneka ngati mphukira yosasweka.
Afalansa amadzitcha nyenyezi zakuwala, ndipo miyala yaku maluwa ya ku Italiya. Lilinso ndi mayina ena, mwachitsanzo, okhala m'mapiri a Carpathian amawautcha kuti malo osalala.
Maonekedwe a maluwa
Malinga ndi malongosoledwewo, maluwawa ali ofanana ndi nyenyezi zazing'ono zomwe zimakwirira malo otsetsereka a mapiri nthawi yawo yamaluwa. Zimayera kapena chikaso chofunda. Kutali ndikuwoneka wokongola kwambiri.
Kukongola kwa duwa ndikuti sikuchitika chilichonseKutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Edelweiss amakula ngati herbaceous osatha. Maluwa ndi oyera, oyera komanso opusa kwambiri. Amazunguliridwa ndi masamba opendekera, pomwe gawo lakumunsi limakutidwa ndi velvet.
Mbali inayo ya pepalalo ndi yosalala, siliva kapena wobiriwira. Mtengowo uli ndi zovuta inflorescences, zomwe zimakhala ndi madengu angapo. Mabasi nthawi zambiri samapitilira 25 cm, ndipo m'lifupi mwake osaposa 22 cm.
Maluwa nthawi zambiri amapezeka mchaka choyamba cha Julayi. Kutalika kwa maluwa kuyambira masiku 20 mpaka 25.
Mitundu yamaluwa
Mawonedwe Otchuka
Mpaka mitundu yotchuka kwambiri phatikizani:
- Edelweiss Alpine
- Edelweiss edelweiss
- Edelweiss matoni awiri
- Chingerezi cha Edelweiss
- Edelweiss wamtunda
- Edelweiss Siberian
- Edelweiss chikasu
Alpine
Mtundu uwu ndi umodzi wofala kwambiri. Imamera mu vivo momwe zimachitikira m'mapiripamalo otsetsereka. Kutalika kumafikira masentimita 18 mpaka 25. Maluwa mumtundu wa mabasiketi omwe amapanga chishango.
Maonekedwe a mitundu yodziwika bwino siyimasiyanitsa kukongola kwa duwaZomera zimabereka pogawa nthambizo. Nyengo yabwino kwambiri yoswana ndi nthawi yophukira kapena kugwa miyezi. Limamasula kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe kuyamba kugwa.
Kuril
Chimodzi mwa mitundu yomwe imalimidwa m'mundamo ndi Kuril edelweiss. Imakhala ndi zimayambira zowongoka, zomwe zimatha kukula mpaka 15 cm. Masamba a Lanceolate masamba. Amakhala ndi pubescence kumbali zonse.
Masamba, osonkhana pamodzi amapanga nyenyezi, mainchesi ake omwe amafikira masentimita 6. Munda wamwala umapatsa kukongola kwapadera.
Maluwa amabwera koyambirira kwa Julayi, ndipo miyezi ya Seputembala imayamba kubala zipatso.
Mtundu wachikasu
Edelweiss pale wachikasu ndi amodzi kwambiri. Kutalika kwake kumatha kufika masentimita 35. Zimayambira nthawi zambiri zimangokulira zokha, komanso zimatha kupezeka ndi zitsulo ziwiri kapena zitatu.
Mitundu iyi imapezeka munyanja ya BaikalMasamba ochokera masentimita awiri mpaka 8. Amakutidwa ndi kupindika. Utoto nthawi zambiri umakhala wachikasu.
Chomera chomera
Cosmetology
Mtengowo udalandila kuphika zodzikongoletsera.
Chomera chimayamikiridwa makamaka chifukwa cha malonda ake othandizira kuchiza khungu. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Kuti mupeze zotulutsa, mbali zam'mlengalenga zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, pogwiritsa ntchito mowa ndi glycerol.
Mtundu wa Tingafinye nthawi zambiri umakhala lalanje kapena la bulauni. Zosiyanasiyana zojambulazo sizimanunkhiza. Kutenga zinthu zamtengo wapatali, imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati antioxidant, antiseptic komanso ngati yothandiza kukonzanso. Zimathandizanso kukalamba pakhungu ndipo limagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa matenda a fungus.
Kuchokera pamenepo pezani zonona, seramu, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza maselo ndipo zimakhala ndi khungu.
Kamangidwe kazithunzi
Makamaka amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala m'miyala yam'munda. Mtengowo umawonekanso wokongola pakupanga malire osakanikirana. Edelweiss amagwiritsidwa ntchito podula. Zimapatsa kukongola kwapadera paphwando louma.
Maonekedwe achilendowo amalungamitsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mitunduyi pakupanga mawonekedweKuti muchite izi, dulani pomwe mtundu wake umakhala wokhutira momwe ungathere. Kenako imawuma mutu pansi. Ikapukuta, siyimataya voliyumu ndikusunganso mawonekedwe ake okongola kwa nthawi yayitali.
Nthano ya edelweiss
Nkhani za makolo akale zimasonyezeratu kuti nthano ya chomera chodabwitsa wolumikizana ndi nthano yokongola komanso munthu wam'mudzimo. Amati fani amakhala m'mapiri a Alps, ndipo misozi yake idapanga maluwa okongola. Choyambitsa misozi chinali chikondi chosasinthika. Ankakonda mwana wophweka yemwe sanali kukhala kumudzi.
Popeza mnyamatayo sanali m'mapiri amenewa, sakanatha kungoyerekeza kuti, pamwamba pa phirilo, anthu okongola kwambiri komanso amatsenga amakhala. Zinali zosatheka kuti nthanoyi ibwere pansi, ndipo kuchokera kuzunzika adatsitsa misozi yamatsenga pomwe maluwa amakongola a Edelweiss adakula.
Phiri la Edelweiss
Kuphatikiza pa duwa, pali phiri la dzina lomweli. Kutalika kwake ndi 6000 metres. Ili kumapiri a Tien Shan pafupi ndi msewu wa Tengri-Tag. Apa ndiye pamalire a Kyrgyzstan ndi Kazakhstan.
Ngakhale pamayendedwe apaulendo odutsa m'mapiri mumatha kupeza dzina ili.M'mabuku ambiri, palibe chomwe chinapezeka pokhudzana ndi kudziwika kwa dzina la phirili ndi dzina la duwa.
Mawonekedwe a chisamaliro chakunyumba
Ambiri wamaluwa ndi okonda kwenikweni samakula edelweiss m'nyumba. Popeza amakhulupirira kuti izi ndizovuta kwambiri. Umboni wa mbewuyi ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake m'miyala yamundawo, zithunzi zomwe zimatha kuwoneka pamtundu uliwonse wodzipereka pakupanga mawonekedwe.
Chomera chimakhala bwino chikaphatikizidwa ndi maluwa ena. Amakonda malo okhala ndi dzuwa, chifukwa chake ichi ndi chimodzi mwazofunikira posankha mpando.
Duwa sililekerera kuthilira kwamadzi dothi ndi madzi osayenda. Momwe mizu imasinthidwira kuti ikhalepo. Mizu yotsatana nthawi yomweyo imalephera kuchita ndikuyamba kukula. Zotsatira zake, mbewu imayamba kuzungulira ndi kufa.
Dothi liyenera kukhala likuchepera. Komanso, mchenga wocheperako uyenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi zosakanikirana ndi dothi kuti dothi lisungunuke ndikulola mpweya wofunikira kuti udutse.
M'nyengo yotentha, sankhani masiku otentha kuti muchimwe, zovuta ngakhale kwa munthuPopeza duwa silimavomereza kutulutsa madzi, sikuyenera kuthiriridwa madzi. Kutsirira kumachitika mu nthawi yotentha kwambiri ndi masiku owuma.
Kuti duwa lanu limve bwino, muyenera kuchotsa zoyambira zomwe zayamba kale kuzimiririka. Izi zimachitika pazifukwa zingapo:
| Za chiyani chotsani maluwa | |
| Chifukwa chake ndi chilengedwe | sichitha mphamvu pakucha nthangala ndipo imapanga maluwa atsopano |
| Cholinga chake ndi chokongoletsera | mmera wokhala ndi duwa louma limataya kukongoletsa kwake |
Kutentha kwa Edelweiss kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo. Izi ndizofunikira kupanga chiphuphu chouma.
Chinyezi chikuyenera kukhala chochepa. Komanso ndikupita kuchipinda kuchokera pa 60 mpaka 70 peresenti.
Mkhalidwe wofunikira pakukula kwakuthupi ndi chitukuko cha Edelweiss chipinda chotsegukira bwino, komanso mpweya wofikira kumizu mbewu. Chifukwa chake, ngati nkotheka kunyamula duwa kupita ku khonde kapena loggia, izi ziyenera kuchitidwa.
Chifukwa chake, mbewuyo imakulitsa kukula kwake ndipo imakondweretsa ndi maluwa ambiri.
Maonekedwe a chisamaliro m'munda
Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, duwa limakula komanso malo okwera.
Mvula ikatha, kuthirira kumatha kuchedwa mwina mwezi umodziMtengowo suyenera kuikidwa magazi makamaka madzi ndi madzi. Iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi pang'ono, nthawi zambiri imayenera kuchitika tsiku lotentha ndi lowuma, nthaka ikayamba kuuma.
Ngati mvula yamphamvu yadutsa, ndiye kuti duwa silikhala madzi mwezi umodzi.
Popewa kulowetsa madzi, nthawi zambiri Edelweiss wobzalidwa paphiri ndi miyala yamiyala.
Kudyetsa a Edelweiss sikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Sakonda ma feteleza achilengedwe kapena a michere. Palibe chifukwa muyenera kudyetsa chomera humus.
Pochulukirapo feteleza amatha kuthiridwa pokhapokha ngati duwa layamba kuzizira pang'ono ndipo limafunikira michere kuti ibwezeretse Kukula ndi Kukula.
Amakonda dothi losasamala, komanso amadzuka chisanu. Chifukwa chake, ngati kuli kotheka, ndiye kuti muyenera kuponyera matalala ambiri pazomera za chaka chatha.
Mulching - njira yophimba nthaka ndi zoteteza pazinthu zosiyanasiyanaNgati nthawi yozizira mulibe chipale chofewa, ndiye kuti ndikofunikira duwa la mulch, ndi kuyamba kwa masiku a masika kuchotsa pobisalira.
Thirani
Kuyika chomera sichikhala chovuta kwambiri.
Edelweiss ali ndi mizu yayitali, motero muyenera kukumba mabowo akuya. Komanso poika mbewu, musawononge mizu. Mukalowetsa chomera, mizu yake imafunika kuwongoledwa.
Chomera chitha kuikidwa, ndikofunikira nyowetsani nthaka pang'ono. Kuti mudziwe ngati mbewuyo idasinthidwa bwino, muyenera kuyang'ana pang'ono. Ngati zonse zidayenda bwino, ndiye kuti mphukira zam'mbali ziyamba kukula kuchokera pa tsinde. Chaka chotsatira, duwa limatha kusangalatsa maluwa ake.
Kuswana
Chomera cha Edelweiss chimakula m'njira zopatsa komanso zopatsa zipatso.
Njira yopimira: Kukula kwa mbewu
Muli ndi kubereka pogwiritsa ntchito mbewu. Mbewu ndizochepa kwambiri chifukwa chake, ikafesedwa, imayenera kusakanizika ndi mchenga. Bzalani kuti matalala atasungunuka m'nthaka.
Kunyumba, muyenera kufesa m'mikapu kapena zina zabwino. Mukabzala, dothi liyenera kupukutidwa ndipo kuphimba ndi thumba chowonekera.
Nthaka nthawi zambiri zimawonekera pa tsiku la 10 mpaka 14. Madzi okhala ndi mfuti yopopera, popeza mbande ndizochepa kwambiri komanso zowonda. Bzalani mbeu zakale mchaka choyamba kapena chachiwiri cha Juni.
Pofalitsidwa ndi mbewu, Edelweiss samasunganso mikhalidwe yake. Izi zikuyenera kukumbukiridwa mukafalitsa.
Njira yamasamba
Ndi zomeretsa, duwa limatha kufalitsa kugawa chitsambaNgati chitsamba ndi chachikulire. Ndikwabwino kuchita izi mu Epulo ndi Meyi, komanso m'dzinja m'zaka makumi angapo zoyambirira za Seputembala. Chifukwa chake, mbewu zina zam'munda zimachulukana. Chifukwa chake, tidalankhula za momwe tingakulitsire hydrangea pogawa chitsamba.
Komanso mbewuyo imatha kufalikira kudula. Nthawi yabwino ndi June. Kuti muchite izi, dulani kumtunda kwa chomera chathachi ndikubzala munthaka yonyowa. Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mtunda pakati pa wina ndi mnzake.
Dothi lamvula komanso chiyambi cha chilimwe - chinsinsi cha kudulidwa koyeneraPafupifupi masentimita 8 - 16 pakati pa odulidwa. Zidula zikapanga mizu, Edelweiss adzayamba kupanga msanga ndipo akuwoneka ngati chomera chokula bwino. Koma maluwa adzabwera Chaka chotsatira chokha.
Kutengera malamulo osavuta osamaliridwa ndi Edelweiss, akhoza kumera mosavuta pachikhalidwe cha anthu. Duwa lachilendo lomwe limakhala ndi utoto wosazolowereka lidzakondweretsa maso ambale ndi kumangodutsa anthu.
