Tillandsia - mlendo wokhala ndi chikhalidwe chovuta

Tillandsia nthawi zambiri amatchedwa exotic pakati pa exotic. Zokongola komanso zokongola, kukongola uku mkati mwake nthawi zonse kumawoneka koyambirira komanso kolimba. Ngakhale chisamaliro chovuta, tillandsia amakhalabe chimodzi mwazomera zotchuka kuchokera ku banja la bromeliad. Kuphatikiza pa maluwa okongola komanso masamba okongola, amadzitama osiyanasiyana. Tillandsia wamtundu waphatikizika ndi mbewu zomwe zimadziwika bwino kwambiri ndi ma epiphytes kwathunthu mosiyana ndi iwo. Ndipo ngakhale zitafunikira kuchita khama kuti ukule mpakaandsia, kukongola uku ndikofunika.

Tillandsia violet-flowered (Tillandsia ionantha). © Anne Elliott

Mitundu iwiri yosavomerezeka ya dzina lomwelo

Mu Tillandsia wamtundu, magulu awiri azomera amaphatikizidwa, omwe safanana mu mawonekedwe awo ndi chikhalidwe chake:

mbiya, kapena wobiriwira wobiriwira, womwe umamera m'nthaka wamba, umatulutsa masamba okongola amasamba, omwe amakhala ngati malo abwino obwezeretsanso inflorescences "zozizwitsa";
epiphytic mpakaandsia, kawirikawiri, kopitilira muyeso, mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri omwe si maluwa, koma masamba abwino.

Kuphatikiza apo, ngati ma potandthia otchedwa ambandia ndi otchuka kwambiri, ndiye kuti ma epiphytic amapezeka pokhapokha omwe amakhala osamalira maluwa, choncho sadziwika kwa mafani ambiri am'nyumba okhathamira. Amasiyana osati akunja kokha, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ndi zofunikira pakukula kwa mbewu. Ochita maluwa nthawi zambiri amawasiyanitsa ndi chizindikiro chosavuta - mtundu wa masamba. Epiphytic siliva mpakaandsia amadziwika pakati pa amateurs monga "imvi", ndikuwoneka bwino "- wobiriwira" mpakaandsia. Koma sizovuta kusokonezeka ndi dzina laulemu lotere, chifukwa udzu mpakaandsia uli ndi ma hybrids amtundu wokhala ndi imvi. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kunena mtundu wa kukula - epiphytic kapena pot.

Koma, kupatula apo, Tillandsia amawerengedwa moyenera ngati exotic, ndipo ma exotic ndiwopatsa chidwi kwambiri. Mwachilengedwe, mbewuzi zimaphatikizana mu mtundu umodzi wamitundu yosiyanasiyana yopezeka m'malo a South ndi North America. Tillandsia ndi imodzi mwazomera zodziwika bwino kwambiri za herbaceous ndi epiphytic mbewu ya banja la Bromeliaceae. Amaphatikiza mitundu yoposa 400 yamitundu yomwe imasiyana mosiyana.

Atmospheric mpakaandsia. © jeeaanne

Tillandsia wowumbika, wobiriwira, kapena udzu amafanana ndi zikhalidwe za bromeliad zomwe timazizolowera. Mitengoyi imakhala ngati mizu yolimba kwambiri ndipo imatulutsa rosette, yayikulu kwambiri kuchokera pamtunda wocheperako, wowoneka bwino kapena wopindika, masamba atali ndi malangizo. Chaka chilichonse, maluwa atatulutsa, rosette yayikulu mmalo mwake imasinthidwa ndi kukula - othandizira othandizira - kenako amwalira. Chifukwa chake, mbewuyo imadzichiritsa yokha. Rosette wamasamba ndiwowoneka modabwitsa komanso wandiweyani kotero kuti amawonekera mosiyana ndi mtundu womwewo wa omwe ali ndi mpikisano wobiriwira wamkati. Kuchokera pakatikati pachogulacho, mbewuyo imatulutsa chipinda chokhala ndi inflorescence yayikulu, yomwe imafanana ndi kandalama kena kosangalatsa. Mawonekedwe owala, okhala ndi mitundu yambiri, yokhala ndi mizere yowoneka bwino komanso "yakuthwa", khutu la inflorescence limawoneka kuti likupitilira mizere ya masamba. Kukongola kwa inflorescence kumaperekedwa ndi mabulashi obisala maluwa osavomerezeka. Utoto wautoto umakhala ndi ma toni ojambula "ojambula" okongola kwambiri - pinki, pepo, zoyera, zachikaso, kalanje, buluu, wofiira, lalanje ndi kuzizira kwa lilac. Mabulogi nthawi zonse amapakidwa utoto wonyezimira, chifukwa cha icho mpakaandsia chikuwoneka bwino.

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri yobiriwira mpaka kuandsia:

Tillandsia buluu (Tillandsia cyanea) - wotchuka kwambiri wazomera zamtundu wa herbaceous, amapanga maluwa odabwitsa a masamba amadzala, mtundu wake womwe umasiyanasiyana kuchokera kumunsi wofiyira mpaka m'mbale yamafuta owala. Imakhala yotalika mpaka 20-30 cm.Chilimwe, chimtengo chofiyira chokhala ndi wandiweyani, mabulangete okongoletsedwa bwino omwe amawoneka ngati opanga amakula kuyambira pakatikati pa malo ogulitsira. Maluwa amatulutsa pang'onopang'ono, funde kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi, limakhala kuti limakutemberera. Broker amakhala ndi utoto wamaluwa kapena apinki, ndipo maluwa amtundu waufupi wokhala ndi ma rhombic, petals amaimitsidwa ndi buluu kapena buluu.
Tillandsia Linden (Tillandsia lindenii) - lofanana ndi buluu waandandsia, koma wokongola kwambiri. Spike imakhala yozungulira, yopindika, ndipo mabatani amajambulidwa pinki yapinki kapena ofiira. Maluwa a chomera nawonso ndi amtambo, masamba ali ndi udzu, koma owonda, omwe amaphatikizidwa mumagulu otayirira.
Tillandsia Duer (Tillandsia dyilisi) - mtundu womwe inflorescence yake imafanana ndi tsamba lanyundo yachikasu ya mthethe. Chomera chokongola komanso chokongola kwambiri chimakula ngati mtundu wokhazikitsidwa ndi masamba osanja okhala ndi masamba ataliitali, ngati kuti wokutira pansi pamunsi pa peduncle. Mzere wowonda umakhala ndi inflorescence yolimba yozungulira, yamizere iwiri, yamtundu wamtambo wamtundu wamalalanje kapena ofiira.

Tillandsia buluu (Tillandsia cyanea). © Jose Maria Escolano

Tillandsia lindenii (Tillandsia lindenii). © お花の写真集

Tillandsia Duer (Tillandsia dyayeza). © Stefano

Epiphytic mpakaandsia, wotchedwanso zam'mlengalenga kapena airy tillandsia, atchuka chifukwa cha masamba awo. Si gawo lokongola kwambiri la mbewu, komanso limagwira ntchito zonse zomwe zimapangidwa pamizu: kudzera masamba aandandsia, epiphytes amadyetsa ndikuyamwa chinyezi. Mizu yake imangokhazikika pakhungwa, pamwala kapena pamtengo, sikuwoneka. Pakati pa epiphytic mpakaandsia pali mbewu zonse ziwiri zokhala ndi tsinde komanso mitundu yosakhazikika. Kunja, masamba a mlengalenga mpakaandsia amawoneka ngati osowa: filimu, yopyapyala, masamba owoneka bwino ali ndi mamba ndipo, pamodzi ndi mphukira zomwezo, amapanga kukongola kwapadera kwa zingwe zobiriwira ndi tint ya siliva.

Mitundu yabwino kwambiri yam'mlengalenga mpakaandsia ndi:

Tillandsia sichimasulidwa (Tillandsia usneoides) - epiphyte tillandsia wodziwika bwino, wotchuka monga "Spanish moss" kapena "ndevu zachikale." Imakhala ndi timiyala tating'ono tofikira mainchesi angapo kutalika kwake ndi masamba ofanana ndiutali mpaka 5cm kutalika ndi mulifupi wa 0.1 cm, omwe amakhala m'mizere iwiri. Chifukwa cha miyeso yowonetsera yomwe imaphimba masamba ndi mphukira, zobiriwira zimawoneka imvi kapena siliva. Izi mpakaandsia zilibe mizu konse. Ndipo imakula, ikulendewera kumakungwa, nthambi, miyala ngati bala. Chozizwitsa modabwitsa cha osseevidnogo Tillandsia - palibe chifukwa chokhazikitsa icho pamathandizo, ingopachikeni kuti chikuze pansi. Kukongola kwawoko komwe kumapangidwanso kumatulutsa, kumasula maluwa obiriwira achikasu nthawi yotentha.
Tillandsia kutulutsa (Tillandsia stricta) imadzaza zokometsera zowala ndi utoto wokhazikika ndikufanana ndi tsamba la udzu. Epiphyte iyi imakhala mpanda wa masamba osalaza amtambo wokulungika ndi masikelo amaso otalika mpaka 20cm komanso mulifupi wosapitirira 1 cm. Maulendo apafupi, othinikizidwa amavala korona wokhala ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa inflorescence wokhala ndi mitundu yayitali yamadzi amitundu yamaluwa ndi pinki kapena matalala a lilac.
Tillandsia tricolor (Tillandsia tricolor) - epiphyte yaying'ono yokhala ndi masamba ofanana amtundu wobiriwira, wokhala ndi duwa lolakwika kwambiri. Zowongoka komanso maulendo ataliitali mwina okhala ngati mpala wosavuta kapena kuchokera m'makutu angapo amasiyanitsidwa ndi mabulosha ataliitali, ofiira kumapeto kwa inflorescence, achikasu pakati komanso obiriwira opepuka kumtunda, obisala maluwa ofiirira.
Zina kuposa zonyansa kapena zaubweya tillandsia siliva (Tillandsia argentea) simudzatchula. Epiphyte iyi yokhala ndi masamba opindika, yayitali, ikukula mpaka pansi, yopindika mkati kapena mozunguliridwa bwino, mtundu wa gulu lomwe limakula kuchokera pansi. Kuthana ndi chomera chodabwitsa m'zodabwitsachi, m'malo maphikidwe owuma, ndizovuta.
Zoterezi zachitikanso mpakaandsia sitnikova (Tillandsia juncea) - epiphyte yokhala ndi bango, masamba owonda ofanana ndikufanana ndi chimanga ndipo amatisonkhanitsidwa munkhokwe zowoneka bwino, zomwe zimapangira pamodzi phokoso losangalatsa, koma louma kwambiri.
Tillandsia violet (Tillandsia ionantha) - epiphyte yofanana ndi matanthwe achilendo. Amakhala ndi timabowo ting'onoting'ono tokhala ngati masamba opindika, onenepa-ofanana ndi utoto wobiriwira-siliva, pamwambapo timatulutsa timitsempha ta buluu. Pakutanga, masamba apamwamba mu rosette amasanduka ofiira ndipo iwonso amawoneka kuti ndi gawo lamaluwa okongola.
Tillandsia "Mutu wa Jellyfish" (Tillandsia caput-medusae) - epiphyte yomwe imawoneka ofanana kwambiri ndi octopus, jellyfish kapena squid. Masamba amatsekedwa mwamphamvu ndikupanga mtundu wa anyezi, wokhotakhota kumtunda kokha, ndikupanga masamba owoneka bwino wokhala ndi masamba owoneka bwino amaso otuwa mbali zosiyanasiyana. Chinyezi chimapanga mu anyezi, chikuyenda bwino kuchokera masamba. Epiphyte iyi imatha maluwa, imapanga mantha achilendo a "spikelets" atatu kapena asanu omwe amakhala ndi mabulangeti ofiira okhala ndi maluwa okongola ndi maluwa abuluu wamtambo wofiirira, mosiyana ndi iwo.

Tillandsia usneoides (Tillandsia usneoides). © Maja Dumat

Tillandsia protruding (Tillandsia stricta). © claudinodebarba

Tillandsia tricolor (Tillandsia tricolor). © supple1957

Tillandsia chisamaliro chakunyumba

Potted tillandsia - zokutira zokongola zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zamkati zamakono monga mawonekedwe owoneka bwino ndi maonekedwe a utoto. Amakhala osavuta kubzala m'malo obiriwira, malo owotchera nyumba, komanso nyumba zosanja, koma mosamala mosamala amakula bwino m'zipinda wamba. Izi ndi mbewu zokhala ndi zithunzi zambiri zomwe zimafuna chisamaliro chokhazikika, koma osati zovuta kuzisintha.

Mitundu ya Epiphytic yonse imadalira chinyezi cha mlengalenga ndi mtundu wa kavalidwe kapamwamba kapamwamba. Popeza amadyetsa masamba okhaokha, chisamaliro chomera sichachilendo kwambiri ndipo chimasiyana ndi njira zofananira - kuchokera kuyatsa kokhazikika kuti chinyezi chambiri. Ngakhale izi zimadziwika, zimatha kukhala zokhazokha osati zowonetsera maluwa, koma zimathandizidwira mkati mwa nyumba, makamaka, mu kapangidwe ka mabafa, momwe zimathandizirana kwambiri. Ma aquariamu okongola, ma florarium, mipweya yamagalasi, zowonetsera zamaluwa zimathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito mbewuyi paliponse. Khungwa, zidutswa zamatabwa kapena miyala yomwe amamangiramo ziwonekazo zimawoneka bwino, ndipo ndi chomera chodziwikiratu chimapanga chokongoletsa modabwitsa, chosangalatsa chopezacho.

Kuyatsa kwa Tillandsia

Magulu amodzi a tillandsia amasiyana kwambiri osati akunja kokha, komanso mwa njira zomwe amakonda. Ngati potted tilandsia ndi zikhalidwe zambiri zosatha kulekerera ngakhale pang'ono, momwe ziliri za epiphytic, mmalo mwake, ndizololera mthunzi.

Mitundu yophika imapereka nyali zowala kwambiri, koma itchinjikeni ku kuwala kwachindunji nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Muyezo womwewo wowunikira uyenera kupitilizidwa chaka chonse, kulipirira kuchotsera kwakanthawi kaya mwa kukonzanso kapena kuwunikira kokumbukira. Tillandsia wamphika amakonda kwambiri zachilengedwe m'malo mwa kuwala kopanga komanso kumva bwino kum'mwera, kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kwawindo.

Epiphytic mpakaandsia sikuti amangolekerera mthunzi, komanso achikondi. Penumbra ndi mthunzi uliwonse ndizoyenera kwa iwo, amatha kuyikiridwa bwino mkati mwazipinda zamkati kutali ndi windows. Amayankha bwino kuunikira kokumbidwa kuposa mitundu yamatumba ndipo amatha kukula mu kuwala kopanga kwathunthu.

Tillandsia silvery (Tillandsia argentea). © brinydays

Tillandsia calyx (Tillandsia juncea). © ciaomo

Tillandsia violet-flowered (Tillandsia ionantha). © James Ho

Kutentha kosangalatsa

Onse a Tillandsia amakonda malo okhazikika omwe amakula, samatengera kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha kwa mpweya ndi gawo lapansi. Zomera zoterezi zimawerengedwa kuti ndi zotulutsa moto wokonda kutentha: Kukula kokhazikika kwambiri kwa tillandsia kumawonetsedwa pakukhazikika kwa chipinda pamwamba pa madigiri 18. Zokongoletsa zophika zimakonda kutentha kosachepera madigiri 18, kutsika mpaka madigiri 16 kutentha kumatha kuvulaza mbewu. Koma ma epiphytes amakhala olimba, amapirira ndi kutsika kwakanthawi kwa zizindikiro mpaka madigiri 12.

Ngakhale chomera chobiriwira, Tillandsia amakonda kwambiri kukwera mpweya komanso mpweya wabwino. Kukhala wokhazikika, kupenyera ndege tsiku ndi tsiku ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri pakukula. Izi zotulutsa thupi sizimangopeza kokha mpweya wabwino, komanso kusangalala ndi mayendedwe ake mozungulira (musatanthauzire mbewu mu "ngodya", pafupi ndi makoma kapena magalasi, opsinjika ndi mbewu zina). Koma kuti Tillands saopa zolemba sikutanthauza kuti apirira ndi mphepo iliyonse. Sangathe kuzizira, komanso kusokosera kwambiri kwa ayezi, komanso mbewu zina zam'nyumba. Ndikofunika kuti panthawi yakuwongolera chofunda chokhazikika cha chipinda sichisokonezedwa. Onse omwe ali ndi potus ndi epiphytic mpakaandsia amatha kusunthidwa bwino kupita kumweya wabwino m'chilimwe (chikhalidwe chokhacho ndikupangitsa kuti kuwunikira kusasinthe). Ngakhale kukonda chinyezi, muyenera kuziyika poyera ndi chitetezo chathunthu ku mvula: Mvula yozizira imatha kuvulaza mbewu.

Tillandsia "Mutu wa jellyfish" (Tillandsia caput-medusae). © kevin jones

Kuthirira ndi chinyezi

Kutsirira kwapamwamba kumachitika kokha chifukwa cha potandthia. Mu ma epiphytes, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumalowa m'malo, ndipo kufunika kwa njirayi ndikosavuta kunenepa. Komabe, udzu wanyamayi umafunikira magwiritsidwe antchito: Dothi la mbewu zotere nthawi zonse limayenera kukhala lonyowa, koma chinyezi cholimba komanso kuyanika kwathunthu kuchokera mu matope osiyidwa kuyenera kupewedwa munthawi yogwira kuyambira kasupe mpaka chirimwe. Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala koyenera komanso kosamala, kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse ndi kuchuluka kwa kuyanika kwa gawo lapansi. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira ndikosowa, kulola gawo lonselo kuti liume lisanachitike. Ndiosavuta kuwongolera ngati mtengo wothirira ndi wabwino pamtengowo: ndikusowa chinyezi, mpaka pang'onopang'ono masamba amafota, omwe akuwonetsa kufunika kothirira.

Kuthirira nokha sikokhazikika: kuthira madzi pamtunda, monga mbewu wamba, sikuyenera. Tillandsia amathiriridwa mkati mwa malo ogulitsira ndikunyowetsa masamba onse. Ngati chomera sichikhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira ndipo masamba amaterera, ndiye kuti m'malo motengera momwe amagwiritsidwira, ndi bwino kulamula matope ndi kumiza miphika ndi madzi m'madzi usiku, ndikulole chinyezi kukhetsa bwino.

Chinyezi ndichizindikiro chofunikira cha mbewu izi. Koma ngati mbanda wa mpaka kuandsia ungathe kutsika ndi 60%, ndiye epiphytic mpakaandsia, chinyezi cha 80% chimawerengedwa kuti ndizovomerezeka. Sizachabe kuti adapeza udindo wawo ngati mbewu zam'mlengalenga: m'malo owuma amangofa. Chinyezi cham'mlengalenga chimayendetsedwa bwino ndi kuphatikiza kwa ma humidifiers (kapena anzawo anzeru) ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Kwa mbewu za epiphytic, amadyera amapukutidwa kwambiri kuti athe kusintha kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa (njira zimachitika tsiku ndi tsiku, makamaka m'mawa). Ngati kutentha kumatsikira madigiri 15-16, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sikuyenera kuchitika, monga nthawi yamaluwa. Mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa mpakaandsia, kuwonjezera pa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, mbewu yonseyo imamizidwa m'madzi kuti ikwaniritse chinyezi (osapitirira nthawi 1 m'masabata awiri).

Madzi a tillandsia amtundu uliwonse amasankhidwa mosamala kwambiri: ayenera kukhala ofewa komanso ofunda (osachepera madigiri 5 kuposa kutentha kwa mpweya kwa mbewu zomwe zili mumiphika komanso ofanana ndi kutentha kwa epiphytic).

Tillandsia siliva mkati. © Tillandsias

Feteleza Tillands

Ichi ndi chomera chapadera chomwe sichimakonda kuvala bwino pamizu yapamwamba: feteleza kwa onse mpakaandsia amathandizidwa bwino ndi njira yopopera, kupopera masamba. Tillandsia yamphika imatha kudyetsedwa monga zimakhalira, koma njira imeneyi imaphatikizapo chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda chifukwa chothirira mkati mwa malo ogulitsira. Ndipo chakuti masamba ambewu zomwe zimamwetsa feteleza bwino akuwonetsa kufunikira kwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.

Kwa tillandsia, mwina feteleza wapadera wa ma orchid kapena feteleza wovuta wa maluwa akutumika. Mlingo wake uyenera kusinthidwa: kuchuluka kwa feteleza wopangidwayo wa mu mpaka kwa aandaria kumachepera, komanso kwa epiphytic - kanayi. Kuti tithandizire kutulutsa maluwa mumizimba mbatata, chowonjezera chokolera chitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito mwa kupopera mbewu ndi mbewu kwa miyezi 1-2.

Onse epiphytic komanso potandthia mpakaandsia amadyetsedwa masabata awiri aliwonse mu nthawi ya chilimwe ndi chilimwe (kwa epiphytes, kuvala pamwamba nthawi yozizira kumatha kupha, chifukwa mukamadzaza kumayambitsa maluwa chaka chamawa.

Tillandsia mu florarium.

Thirani, muli ndi gawo lapansi

Kwa tillandsia, zotengera zokha zomwe kutalika kwake kupitilira kutalika ndizoyenera. Zomera zimakula makamaka, kukula ndi kubzala kwa mwana wamkazi m'malo mwake mwa mayi ndikukula kumachitika makamaka m'lifupi. Dongosolo la mizu mu tillandsia ndi lamphamvu, koma osati lopindika, ndipo mkati mwake muli chomera chitha kumavutika mopitirira muyeso ndikusokoneza malo abwino.

Gawo laling'ono la mbewuzi limasankhidwa pakati pazosakanizika ndi dothi losakanikirana ndi mawonekedwe. Kwa tillandsia, zosakaniza zapadera za bromeliads kapena orchid ndizabwino, koma mutha kupanga dothi nokha pamtunda wofanana wa nthaka yosakhazikika, humus ndi peat ndikuwonjezera kwa sphagnum, mizu ya fern ndi makungwa a pine.

Kuyika kwa mitundu ya epiphytic sikumachitika konse (amagulitsidwa atakhazikika pamwala, khungwa kapena mtengo ndipo atakulidwa pa maziko omwewo osasinthika), ndipo kwa mbuto zamphika zimachitika pokhapokha kuchuluka kwa tchire kumadzaza malo aulere (chomera chimakula kupyola makoma a poto , ndipo mizu iyamba kutuluka m'mabowo kuti atulutsire madzi). Mu chidebe chimodzi, mbatata ya mbatata imatha kukhalapo kwa zaka 2-3, pomwe pamafunika ndikutulutsa chinsalu chokhacho pachaka kumayambiriro kwa kasupe. Ngati chomera chikafunika, chomera chimatengedwa mosamala, ndikuchotsa dothi mosamala, osayesa kuvulaza ngakhale mizu yaying'ono kwambiri. Rhizome bwino imasunga mpakaandsia mu gawo lotayirira, kotero muyenera kupendekera, kuphwanya dothi, kulabadira ndikupanga rosette masamba okhazikika.

Matenda a Tillandsia ndi tizirombo

Kwa mpakaandsia pafupifupi palibe tizirombo tina tam'nyumba tating'onoting'ono timakhala toopsa. Koma amadwala pafupipafupi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a bromeliad, ndipo zotupa zazikulu ndizotheka ku mtundu uliwonse wa tillandsia. Mutha kuthana ndi tizilombo tokha pokhapokha mutachapa mbewu ndi sopo komanso madzi ndikuchotsa masamba, zomwe sizotheka nthawi zonse m'mitundu yosalimba ya epiphytic.

Matenda amawopseza mpakaandsia ndikuphwanya kulikonse kwa mndende. Zowola ndi ma virus angapo osiyanasiyana ndi owopsa kwambiri, omwe sanakwanitse kumenyana ndi fungicides: mbewu zimadula mbali zowonongeka.

Mavuto omwe akukula:

kupindika kwa masamba pa kusowa kwamadzi;
kuvunda kwa maziko a malo osungiramo malo pamene manyowa ndi madzi othirira.

Kuswana kwa Tillandsia

Zomera za Epiphytic zimabereka zokha zokha. Kuyambira tchire la amayi akuluakulu, mutha kudula mphukira ndi masamba ndikumangirira pamunsi mwachizolowezi - makungwa, nthambi kapena miyala. Ndi mpweya chinyezi cha 80%, mphukirazi zimakhazikika msanga ndipo zimayamba kukula. Mutha kudula nthambi zamtundu uliwonse.

Zomera zophika zimatha kufesedwa mwa njira ya mbeu komanso mwakukula.

Chifukwa chakuti mpakaandsia amapanga mbewu zing'onozing'ono pachaka chilichonse kuti asinthe rosette yozimiririka, mutha kupeza zatsopano, zomwe zingathe maluwa, kungolekanitsa nthawi ikamadzala. Zowona, simuyenera kuthamangira kudzipatulira: mutha kusiyanitsa "makanda" omwe kukula kwawo ndi theka theka la amayi. Zida zofooka kwambiri sizizikhala zokha. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yopanga zinthu zachilengedwe ndi nyengo ya masika kapena chilimwe.

Zomera zobzala zimamera bwino, pokhazikika pamtundu wa michere komanso pansi pagalasi, zimamera msanga. Koma kumera kwa mbande kumafuna kuleza mtima: achinyamata mpakaandsia amakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo amatha kukhala ndi duwa patatha zaka 10 mutabzala.