Streptocarpus amatanthauza mbewu zosatha, zotulutsa maluwa, zochulukitsa. Ndi woimira banja la a Gesneriaceae. Zomera zidatchedwa dzina lake chifukwa cha chipatsocho - chidutswa chopindika. Kutanthauzira kuchokera ku chilankhulo chakale cha Chigriki, amatanthauza "zipatso zopota." Mu chilengedwe, pali za Mitundu 140 streptocarpus. Zimapezeka pamiyala ya m'mapiri komanso m'nkhalango zamvula zomwe zimakhala ndi chinyezi chachikulu. Kwawo ndi chilumba cha Madagascar, South ndi Equatorial Africa, Southeast Asia.
Pali streptocarpuses, yomwe ndi ma xerophytes. Amamera m'malo ovuta, amasinthasintha ndi kusowa kwa madzi. Pali maluwa akuthengo omwe amakula m'malo otetezeka pafupi ndi dziwe. Streptocarpus ikhoza kukhala chomera chamtundu uliwonse, chosatha, chamtundu wa shrub ndi shrub.
Maluwa okongola amenewa kubzala muzipinda adayamba kalekale. Koma, mwatsoka, sanagwiritse ntchito kutchuka kwapadera. M'nthawi yathu ino, kudzera muntchito yopweteketsa mtima ya obereketsa, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya haibridi yokhazikitsidwa, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi kukongola kwawo kwapadera.
Maonekedwe a mitundu yazomera zodabwitsa izi ndizosiyanasiyana. Mwinanso kuti simungapeze chomera china chokhala ndi mitundu yodabwitsa yotereyi. Pali ma streptocarpuses okhala ndi maluwa achikasu, oyera, apinki, ofiira, ofiirira, amtambo komanso amtambo wakuda. Pali ma streptocarpuses amitundu iwiri, komanso zitsanzo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana - mawanga, maukonde, ma ray, madontho. Maonekedwe a pamakhala nawonso osiyana - ozunguliridwa ndi m'mphepete mwa wavy kapena chowunikira. Maluwa, osavuta komanso awiri, awiri-awiri. Fikirani masentimita 2-9. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono amakhala ochulukirapo pa peduncle. Nthawi yamaluwa ya lithophyte ndi yayitali kwambiri - kuyambira masika mpaka nthawi yophukira. Ndi kuyatsa koyenera, mbewuyo imaphuka chaka chonse. Streptocarpus safuna nthawi yopumula nyengo yachisanu.
Chomera chili ndi masamba omwe amaphatikizidwa mu rosette yoyambira. Kukula kwa masamba, kutengera mitundu, ndizosiyana. Masamba a mitundu yaying'ono yosakanizidwa ndi yaying'ono. Mitundu ina imakhala ndi masamba 30 cm. Pali mitundu yokhala ndi tsamba limodzi lokha. Mtundu wa masamba wamba ndi wobiriwira. Komabe, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yopanga masamba. Chipatsocho ndi chigamba. Pali mbewu mmenemo.
Ndikosavuta kusamalira streptocarpuses kuposa senpolis. Zitha kubzala pamawindo a sill, makhonde, pamatares ndi panja panjapo. Mbadwa zatsopano za duwa locheperali ndizosavuta kupeza. Pali njira zingapo zokulitsira mbewu.
Monga lamulo, streptocarpuses amasankhidwa ndi alimi a maluwa omwe amakhala m'nyumba zazing'ono. Chomera sichimafunikira malo ambiri.
Streptocarpus ndiodziwika kwambiri ku America. M'dziko lathu, alimi ambiri maluwa ali ndi chidwi chomera chamaluwa ichi.
Kusamalira streptocarpus kunyumba
Kuwala
Streptocarpus ndi chomera chachikulu kwambiri. Kuwala kwachilengedwe komanso kuwunikira kwakanthawi ndi koyenera kwa iye. Adzakhala womasuka kwambiri kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kwawindo. Ngati duwa limamera pazenera lakumwera kumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi chilimwe, ndiye kuti pazikhala zovuta zina. Pankhaniyi, iyenera kuti imasalidwa ndi nsalu yopepuka kuti isapse. M'nyengo yozizira, ndi mazenera akumwera okha omwe ndi oyenera kuti ma streptocarpuses, chifukwa amakonda nthawi yayitali masana, ndipo nthawi yophukira-yozizira amafunikira zowunikira zowonjezereka.
Kutentha
Chomera chimasintha bwino ngati kutentha kwa chipinda m'nyumba. Streptocarpus imakula bwino pamtunda wa madigiri 20-25 nyengo yotentha. M'nyengo yozizira, amakhala bwino komanso kutentha pang'ono. Koma sikuyenera kugwera pansi madigiri 14. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti maluwa okongola sangathe kuyimitsa kutentha, kutentha kumawapweteka. M'nyengo yotentha, streptocarpus iyenera kusungidwa pamalo abwino komanso abwino mpweya wabwino. Adzakondanso malo omwe ali pakhonde.
Chinyezi
Duwa lodzicheka limakonda chinyezi pamtunda wa 50-70%. Ngati pali zisonyezo zochepa, mbewuyo imakula bwino. Streptocarpus amakonda kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa m'njira zophukira zazing'ono.
Kuthirira
Streptocarpus salekerera madzi olimba, madzi ofewa, otetezedwa bwino amatengedwa kuti akathiridwe. Thirirani mbewuyo m'mphepete mwa mphikawo. Kuthirira kwambiri kumatha kuvulaza mbewu. Zimatsogolera kuzola mizu. Mitundu ya haibridi imakhala ndi tsamba laling'ono, motero chinyezi chambiri sichitha. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira ayenera kukhala odziletsa. M'nyengo yotentha ndi masika imayatsidwa ngati dothi limayamba kumera.
Panthawi yothirira, streptocarpus imadzidziwikitsa. Ngati nthaka yaphulika, masamba a chomera amagwa ndikufota. Mukathirira, amabwezeretsedwa.
Feteleza
Zomera zonse zamaluwa zambirimbiri zimachepetsa nthaka, motero zimafunikira kudya pafupipafupi. Pa maluwa, feteleza umagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pa sabata.
Thirani
Streptocarpus ili ndi makina akuluakulu omwe amadzaza msangawo mwachangu. Zotengera zazing'ono sizoyenera chomera. Zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa miphika yotsika komanso yotakata yopangidwa ndi pulasitiki. Kugwiritsa ntchito miphika yadongo, pamakhala chiopsezo chowononga mizu ya mbewuyi poika zina. Kuti madzi asasunthike pamizu, ngalande zabwino zimayikidwa pansi pa thankiyo.
Ngakhale kuti streptocarpuses ndi ya osatha, amakhala ndi moyo pang'ono. Amataya kukopa kwawo mchaka chachitatu. Ngati zikukula ngati chitsamba, ziyenera kusinthidwa mwadongosolo, ndikuzigawa zigawo.
Dothi
Chofunikira chachikulu cha dothi pakukula kwa ma streptocarpuses ndi mpweya wabwino. Mtengowo umakula bwino panthaka yapansi, yomwe imadutsa chinyontho bwino. Gawo losaoneka bwino la senpolia ndi kuwonjezera kwa peat ndiloyenera mitundu yokongola.
Osakaniza dothi amathanso kukonzekereratu. Kuti muchite izi, tengani mwachangu humus, mchenga, makungwa ndi peat. Streptocarpus ndi gawo labwino kwambiri loumbidwa ndi nthaka kuchokera m'malo ofanana a peat, perlite ndi vermiculite. Omwe alimi amagwiritsa ntchito osakaniza wina - mitengo yolimba, yosemedwa ya moss sphagnum, vermiculite ndi peat.
Kuswana
Pali njira zingapo zofalitsira ma streptocarpuses - kugawa chitsamba, kudula masamba ndi nthanga.
Njira yosavuta yopezera mbewu yatsopano ndikugawa chitsamba. Tchire la mayi likakula kwambiri, limadulidwa m'magawo angapo mukabzala. Chifukwa cha chitsamba chimodzi, mutha kupeza pafupifupi ma turrocarpus asanu. Zikatere, chitsamba chokhazikika chimayamba kutulutsa msanga.
Alimi ambiri amateur nthawi zambiri amakula mitundu yatsopano ya streptocarpuses chifukwa cha masamba odulidwa. Njirayi siyophweka kwathunthu, koma alimi odziwa bwino za masamba amodzi kuchokera pa tsamba limodzi masentimita 606 amakwanitsa kupeza ana opitilira 10.
Nthawi yoyenera kufalitsa ndi masamba odulidwa ndi masika. Masamba opangidwa ndi masamba ndi ozika mizu m'madzi. Komabe, pali kusiyana pang'ono. Tsamba limakhala lalifupi, ndiye kuti chidutswacho chimakuthwa pang'ono kenako chimayikidwa m'madzi. Phula limazika mizu, koma tsamba limatha kuvunda.
Kuti mupeze mizu, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito dothi losakanikirana la violets, kuchepetsedwa ndi peat ndi vermiculite. Gawo la peat ndi vermiculite ndiloyeneranso.
Kuti muzu wosemedwa ndi masamba, makapu apulasitiki wamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe pansi pake amaphimbidwa ndi utoto woonda wa chitho cha polystyrene ngati ngalande. Pakuyenera kukhala bowo pansi pa thanki kuti kukhetsa madzi. Koma ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito makontena a zakudya pazinthu zokhala ndi lids for mizizi.
Kuti mumalitse chomera, muyenera chidutswa cha tsamba loyezera masentimita 5-6. Mitsempha ya masamba imawoneka bwino pansi pa tsamba. Ngati mudzala tsamba lonse mokhazikika, mudzapeza mwana m'modzi yekha. Kuti mupeze ana ochulukirapo ndi mpeni wakuthwa komanso wosalala, pepalali limadulidwa kukhala zidutswa zingapo.
Mutha kubzala magawo awiri a magawo awiri kapena kusiyanitsa pamwamba pa pepalalo ndikuyala mutulo.
Kuchokera m'mitsempha yodula, ana adzaphuka. Kupititsa patsogolo izi, magawo amayenera kuthandizidwa ndi chowonjezera muzu (mwachitsanzo, muzu).
Pofuna kuti zodula zisayime, zimayikidwa mu nyumba yobiriwira. Chikwama cha pulasitiki chimayikidwa pamwamba pa kapu ya pulasitiki. Mutha kuchepetsa ntchitoyi pogwiritsa ntchito chidebe cha pulasitiki chokhala ndi chivindikiro chomwe chimatsekedwa ndikutseguka pomwe mpweya wabwino utatsegulidwa.
Nthawi zina zimawoneka kuti tsamba limasowa. Nthawi idzadutsa, idzazika mizu ndikukhala ndi moyo. Njira yodzala mizu imatenga nthawi yayitali - pafupifupi miyezi iwiri. Poterepa, kuyanika kwa dothi lapansi kuyenera kupewedwa. Kuchokera chinyezi chambiri, tsamba limatha kuvunda. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kumera ndi madigiri 20-24.
Kufikira anawo atakula, safunikira kukhala pansi. Zimasinthidwa pokhapokha mpaka zimafikira masentimita awiri. Mphika wapulasitiki wokhala ndi mulifupi mwake wa masentimita 7-9 ndiwowayenera.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo komanso zovuta
Masamba osalala ndi chifukwa chothirira mosayenera pa streptocarpus. Ngati "atapachika" ndipo dothi lomwe lili mumphikamo ndi lonyowa, mizu yake imavunda ndipo chomera chikafa posachedwa. Itha kupulumutsidwa pokhapokha ngati ndikusintha ndi kuzika mizu ya masamba (kotero kuti ndikhale ndi moyo, imayikidwa kwakanthawi m'madzi).
Masamba akatembenuka chikasu, mbewuyo idalandira kutentha kwa dzuwa. Bwino kuziika. Malangizo owuma amawonetsa mpweya wouma m'chipindamo kapena poto wokulirapo. Pakaphatikizidwa "zokutira", ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kuthirira ndi kuchuluka kwa zovala zapamwamba.
Ngati chomera sichimaphuka, chimakhala chopepuka. Tisaiwale kuti nthawi ya masana ya streptocarpus iyenera kukhala maola 12-14. Ngati kulibe magetsi okwanira, ndikofunikira kuyatsa nyali.
