Chifundo bilbergia zimagwirizana mwachindunji ndi banja la bromeliad. Amaphatikiza pafupifupi mitundu 60 ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya epiphytic komanso zomera zapadziko lapansi. Mtengowu umachokera kumagawo akummwera kwa South ndi Central America, komwe chilala chimakhala chambiri, ndipo kutentha kumatha kusintha kwambiri tsiku lonse.
Chifukwa cha chilala chomwe chakhalapo, mbewuyi idapanga rosette lotayirira la masamba, cholinga chake ndikusungidwa ndi kusungunuka kwamadzi. Zolemba pamizere, timapepala tokhala ngati lamba ndizowuma kwambiri ndipo timakhala ndi ma denticles ang'ono kapena spikes kumapeto. Pali mitundu pamtunda pomwe pali zokutira zamtambo za mtundu wa buluu zomwe zimateteza bilberg kuchokera ku chinyontho.
Mtengowu umakhala wokongola kwambiri pakamasamba, womwe umawonedwa kawiri pachaka, mwachitsanzo, kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira. Maluwa amitundu yosiyanasiyana amaphatikizidwa ndi ma peduncle ataliatali omwe amakula mwachindunji kuchokera pakati pa maluwa. Palinso mabatani akuluakulu achikuda (nthawi zambiri ofiira kapena ofiira), amasonkhanitsidwa m'makutu a inflorescence mwa khutu.
Mtengowo nthawi zonse umakhala ndi zokwawa zazitali pansi panthaka kapena mphukira zokwezeka, ndipo pamapeto ake achinyamata amapangika masamba. Mapeto a maluwa, maluwa a amayi amwalira, ndipo munthawi yatsopano maluwa akhanda amatuluka kale. Pang'onopang'ono kukulira, bilbergia imatha kupanga koloni yayikulu kwambiri, yomwe imakhala ndi "ana" ambiri.
M'nyumba nthawi zambiri amakula drooping bilbergia (Billbergia nati)amatchedwa "misozi ya mfumukazi." Mtengowo umakhala wamtali masentimita 35 mpaka 40 ndipo uli ndi duwa lamtundu wamtambo wobiriwira. Chozungulira ndi inflorescence m'litali ndi 20-30 sentimita, ndipo penti yapinki. Mu maluwa otseguka pang'ono, obiriwira opepuka, nsonga za ma phalewo adazipaka utoto. Chomera chimawoneka bwino ndi mabulangete ofiira.
Komanso otchuka kwambiri. zebrina billbergia (Billbergia zebrina), yomwe imatchuka kwambiri ndi amalimi a maluwa omwe amabzala bromeliads. Ichi ndi mbewu yayikulu. Chifukwa chake, timapepala tokhala ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino, timatalika masentimita 80. Alijambulidwa ndi utoto wamtundu wa azitona wobiriwira ndipo amakhala ndi mitundu yopindika ya siliva. Lilinso ndi maluwa abuluu ndi mabulangete omwe amakhala ndi ofiira.
Pali mitundu ina yomwe imamera m'nyumba.
Bilberg amasamalira kunyumba
Mawonekedwe a malo okhala
Amakula bilbergia. nthawi zambiri m'miphika ya maluwa yoyikidwa pawindo. Komabe, iyi si njira yokhayo. Chifukwa chake, zimatha kubzala pa "mtengo wa bromeliad", womwe umapangidwa kuchokera ku nthambi zazikulu zanthete. Poika duwa pamtengowu, liyenera kumasulidwa mumphika, ndikuchotsa dothi kumizu. Kenako mizu iyenera kukulunga ndi sphagnum moss, ndikuvulaza ku nthambi za driftwood.
Ngati kukula kwa chipindacho ndikocheperako, mutha kutenga cholepheretsa kukhungwa kwa mtengo ndikukhazikitsa pa alumali kapena khoma.
Chovuta chokha ndi njira yokhazikitsayi ndikusungabe chinyezi chofunikira cha sphagnum.
Kuwala
Chomerachi chimakonda kuwala, koma nthawi yomweyo chimayenera kusokonezedwa. Iyenera kuyimitsidwa kuchokera kumayendedwe achindunji a dzuwa ladzuwa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyika mawindo pawindo lomwe lili kumadzulo kapena kum'mawa kwa chipindacho. Kumpoto kwa chipindacho, bilbergie imatha kuchepera, zimapangitsa kuti pakhale maluwa.
Njira yotentha
Amakula bwino ndipo amatulutsa kutentha kochepa. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yakula, iyenera kukhala kuchokera madigiri 20 mpaka 28. Panthawi yopumira, mbewuyo iyenera kuzirala (15-18 madigiri). Amasowa nthawi yopumira, chifukwa chifukwa cha mpweya wozizira, kukula kwamaluwa kwamaluwa kumakhala kosangalatsa.
Bilbergia saopa zojambulajambula ndipo amatha kupirira madontho a kutentha mpaka madigiri 2-3 (kwa kanthawi kochepa). Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti duwa likasungidwa ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 10-12, nthawi zambiri limadwala.
Momwe mungamwere
Potentha kwambiri, mbewuyo imathiriridwa madzi pafupipafupi komanso mokwanira. Dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono. Koma nthawi yomweyo, onetsetsani kuti palibe madzi anyansi m'nthaka. Panthawi yopumira, kuthirira kumachitika pambuyo kuti nthaka yayuma.
M'nyengo yachilimwe komanso nthawi yachilimwe, madzi akathirira, amadzitsanulira mwachindunji mu tsamba la malowo, ngati kutentha kwa chipinda kumakhala kotsika madigiri 20, ndiye kuti madzi awa ayenera kuchotsedwa. M'nyengo yozizira, zigawo za masamba zimayenera kukhala zouma. Amaletsanso kuthira madzi mu phula ngati nthawi yamaluwa yatha, chifukwa izi zitha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwa tsamba.
Mukayikidwa "bromeliad mtengo" kuthirira kumachitika pambuyo poti sphagnum itadzaza. Chomera chimayenera kuchotsedwa, ndikuchotsedwera gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a ola. Pambuyo poti kudikirira kuti madzi akhathamiridwe, bilbergia iyenera kubwezeretsedwa kumalo ake.
Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala kofewa komanso kukhazikika kwa tsiku limodzi ndi madzi. Mutha kuphikiranso madzi musanatsirire ndi kuziziritsa, kapena kuwonjezera asidi kapena zipatso za acetic.
Chinyezi
Chomera chimafuna chinyezi chachikulu (pafupifupi 70-80 peresenti). M'nyengo yachilimwe komanso nthawi yotentha kwambiri, duwa liyenera kukhala lonyowa. Komanso, kuti muwonjezere chinyezi, mutha kuthira dongo lakukulira mu poto ndikuthira madzi pang'ono (amawonjezeredwa).
Pamaluwa, sikulimbikitsidwa kupopera mbewuzo, koma chifukwa chinyezi chomwe chagwera pamatayala chimatha kuyambitsa mawanga.
Kusakaniza kwadothi
Dothi lodzala bilbergia ndi loyenera pafupifupi chilichonse, bola ngati lili ndi madzi- komanso limapuma, komanso lotayirira. Chifukwa chake, zosakaniza zapadziko lapansi zakonzedwa zitha kugulidwa ku malo ogulitsira. Kuti mupange kusakanikirana koyenera ndi manja anu, muyenera kuphatikiza dothi la peat, masamba ndi humus, otengedwa chimodzimodzi, ndipo ngakhale mmenemo muyenera kuthira mchenga pang'ono ndi mapukusi odulidwa. Musaiwale za danga labwino lokwanira.
Duwa limakula kwambiri pama hydroponics.
Feteleza
Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika nthawi yakula 2 kawiri pamwezi. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza a bromeliads. Muthanso kumwa feteleza wa maluwa okongoletsa kapena maluwa azipinda zamkati (gwiritsani ntchito ½ gawo la mulingo womwe walimbikitsidwa patsamba.
Ndikofunika kudyetsa ndi feteleza wopanda kuchuluka kwambiri wa nayitrogeni, chifukwa izi zimatha kuyambitsa maluwa.
Momwe mungasinthire
Dongosolo la bilbergia ndi laling'ono ndipo limakula pang'onopang'ono, pankhaniyi, ndikusintha kumachitika pokhapokha ngati kuli koyenera (ngati mizu singakwane mumphika). Chomera chokulirapo, monga lamulo, pa kukokoloka chimagawika ndikubzalidwa m'miphika yosiyanasiyana.
Mphika umasankhidwa kutsika kwambiri.
Njira zolerera
Bilselia wabwino kwambiri komanso wothamanga kwambiri amapangidwa ndi ana, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ochulukirapo pamtengowu. Maluwa a maluwa achichepere amapezeka zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Komanso chomera chachikulire chitha kugawidwa. Monga lamulo, maluwa amakula kuchokera ku masamba a Delenka chaka chamawa.
Chachitali kwambiri komanso chovuta kwambiri chikukula kuchokera ku mbewu. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kumera mbewu pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapadera, komanso kukula mbande.
Tizilombo
Ma nsabwe za m'masamba, ma mebubu, nkhanambo kapena nthanga za akangaude zimatha kukhazikika. Chomera chodwala chiyenera kuthandizidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (mwachitsanzo, actellicum).
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
- Malangizo a masamba ayamba kupukuta -Palibe madzi mumsewu.
- Tsamba lomwe limasowa masamba likugwa ndikuyamba kukhala lotayirira - Kusowa kwa kuwala.
- Mawonekedwe a bulauni owala pamasamba - chifukwa cha kuwongolera dzuwa.
- Rosette wopanda masamba osatulutsa mizere ya bilbergia - nthaka idadzaza madzi.
