Exzakum ndi matenda - chomera chomwe chimamera m'malo ochepa. Dziko lakwawo limadziwika kuti chisumbu cha Socotra. Pa mitundu ya Persian violets, pali mitundu 30. Koma limodzi lokha la iwo ndi duwa.
Zambiri
Zachilendo, koma nthawi yomweyo maluwa okongola okhala ndi malo achikasu owoneka bwino, ophatikizidwa ndi masamba obiriwira okongola, amapanga exakum kukhala imodzi mwazikhalidwe zokongola kwambiri zapanyumba. Poyang'ana koyamba, violet ya ku Persia ikhoza kukhala yolakwika ndi duwa lochita kupanga, chifukwa limawoneka labwino kwambiri.
Ndi kukongola kwake, exzakum imatha kupikisana ngakhale ndi ma orchid osowa, chifukwa imatha kukondweretsa kwa nthawi yayitali ndi maluwa ake okongola omwe amatseguka pawindo kwa miyezi 3-4.
Persian violet ndi chomera chomwe chimagwirizanitsa kuphatikiza, ulemu, kukongola komanso kuphweka popanda zinthu zokongola komanso zopatsa chidwi. Komabe, kuti exakum iwoneke bwino, chisamaliro chiyenera kukhala choyenera.
Mitundu ndi mitundu
Nyenyezi ya Blue Exacum - ndi chitsamba chowoneka bwino chokhala ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira. Kukula kwa mitengo yake kumafikira masentimita 30. Mtunduwu umakulidwa kwa zaka ziwiri, ndiye muyenera kusinthidwa. Mbala ya ku Persia imakhala ndi utoto wamtambo, wokhala ngati nyenyezi, chifukwa chake adatipatsa dzina.
Msuzi wa Exzakum - Mtengowo uli ndi masamba owoneka bwino, owondana, owongoka, okhala ndi masamba amdima wobiriwira, omwe ali pafupi. Amasiyana mu okhwima komanso zotanuka. Kutalika kwa masamba amafikira masentimita 4. Maluwa amakhala okha, komanso mawonekedwe amizeremizere amtundu wakuda wabuluu. Pakatikati pa duwa limakhala ndi chikasu chowoneka bwino ndipo chimatukuka kwambiri pamwamba pa zithunzizi.
Exzakum zokhudzana - ndi chomera cha zaka ziwiri chofika kutalika kwa masentimita 30. Maluwa ndi a buluu kapena ofiirira omwe amakhala achikasu, achikasu. Pali mitundu yamtunduwu ndi ma terry inflorescence a buluu ndi oyera hue.
Maso amtundu wa Exacum - Mtundu wamtundu waku Persia wamtunduwu uli ndi masamba obiriwira obiriwira, pomwe maluwa ang'onoang'ono abuluu amabalalika ndi miyala yozungulira yomwe imayalidwa ndi pachikasu, chomenyera pakati. Maluwa amakhala ndi fungo labwino komanso labwino la chikumbutso cha usiku wa usiku.
Mtundu wamtundu wa Exzakum
Mitundu yamitundu iyi ya Persian violet imakhala ndi mitundu yoyambirira ya maluwa abuluu, korona wobiriwira komanso mbale yayikulu yamitsempha. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maluwa osadziwika bwino.
Nyenyezi yoyera ya Exzakum - ndichomera chotsika, chomata chokhala ndi tsamba lozungulira lokhala ndi maluwa ambiri oyera. Nthawi yamaluwa wamaluwa ku Persian imayamba masabata 6 mpaka 8. Ngakhale kuti exakum imatengedwa ngati yopindulitsa, mkati mwa nyumba imakhala ngati pachaka.
Kutulutsa koyera kwa Exzakum - ndi chomera chocheperako, chomenya maluwa ambiri. Persian violet ili ndi masamba osalala, osalala, amaso amtundu wobiriwira wakuda wokhala ndi mitsempha yowonekera. Kutulutsa kwamtunduwu kumakhala ndi ma inflorescence oyera amitundu isanu ndi malo achikasu. Nthawi yamaluwa imayamba pakati pa chilimwe ndipo imatha kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira.
Exacum patatu - mbewuyo ndi yayikulu. Kutalika kwake kumafika masentimita 50. Persian violet imakhala ndi phesi, nthambi, ndi masamba obiriwira amdima. Maluwa a Exakum amakhala ndi mtundu wamtambo wabuluu wachikasu. Chomera sichithana ndi chisanu. Kwawo ndi ku Sri Lanka.
Kusamalira kunyumba
Vutoli yaku Persian imakonda kutentha kwambiri, ndichifukwa chake mbewuyo imakulitsidwa m'nyumba momwemo. Komabe, nthawi yachilimwe, mbewuyo imabzalidwe pamalo otseguka. Exzakum amakonda nthaka yopepuka yokhala ndi zotchinga zovomerezeka.
Chomera chimakonda kuwala ndipo ngati mphika amene ali nawo mumthunzi, ndiye kuti violet ya ku Persia sidzaphuka. Komabe, kuwala kwadzuwa mwachindunji kumamuipira, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuti mthunzi uzikhala masana. Sakonda maluwa komanso kukongoletsa. Amakonda kutentha kwa chipinda ndipo salola kutentha ndi kuzizira.
Nthawi zambiri, mbewuyo imasinthidwa pachaka, koma ngati mukufuna kuisunga mpaka chaka chamawa, ndiye kuti mukugwa muyenera kuchita kudulira pang'ono. Mu nthawi yozizira, mmera uyenera kusungidwa chinyontho komanso kuonetsetsa kuti uli ndi kuwala kwa maola 12, chifukwa mumatha kugwiritsa ntchito phytolamp. M'pofunikanso kuganizira kuti mchaka chachiwiri exakum nthawi zambiri sangale.
Violet kapena Saintpaulia amakhalanso wamkulu akamwino kunyumba. Mtengowu uli ndi maluwa okongola komanso ataliatali, koma kuti izi zitheke amafunika kuyesetsa. Mutha kupeza malingaliro onse ofunikira kuti mukule ndi kusamalira nkhaniyi.
Kuthirira exakuma
Persian violet amakonda kwambiri chinyezi. Komabe, kuthirira kuyenera kukhala koyenera, ndiye kuti, kusunthira kwa madzi ndikumauma panthaka kuyenera kupewedwa, kuyesa kusunga chinyezi chofunikira chomera.
Ndikofunikira kuchita kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, koma izi ziyenera kuchitika kuchokera kumunsi kwa masamba. Chinyezi sikuyenera kugwera pamaluwa. Kuti mukhale chinyezi chofunikira pafupi ndi chomeracho, mutha kuyika chidebe ndi timiyala tonyowa, sphagnum kapena madzi wamba.
Dothi la exakum
Gawo lapansi la chomera liyenera kukhala lopepuka komanso lowala, lopanda mphamvu kapena kusalowerera m'ndale. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka ngati maluwa.
Mukhozanso kusakaniza tsamba ndi tinthu tansalu ndi humus ndi peat. Dongo lomwe limakulitsidwa, mchenga wowuma kapena miyala ing'ono ndioyenera ngati madzi.
Kupatsira zina
Zomera za pachaka sizifunikira kuthandizidwa, pomwe mitundu yotsalira ndiyofunika kuiika m'miphika yayikulu komanso maluwa akuluakulu akamakula.
Poika mbewu, ndikofunikira kusamalira popanga ngalande, zomwe zingapewe chinyezi m'mizu.
Kudyetsa exacum
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa chomeracho kangapo pamwezi. Ogulitsa maluwa amalangizidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito feteleza pomera maluwa maluwa.
Pomwe maluwa achi Persian Persian amatulutsa, amayenera kukumana ndi feteleza wa potashi ndi phosphorous. Ma feteleza a nayitrogeni ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito maluwa atatha maluwa.
Zomera zimayambira kumapeto kwa Meyi mpaka kumapeto kwa Okutobala. Kuti zitheke kwambiri, maluwa owuma ayenera kuchotsedwa.
Kudulira kwa Exacum
Kupatsa mtundu wa Persian violet kukongoletsa, ndikofunikira kuchotsa nthambi zouma pakapita nthawi ndikutsina pamalowo, ndikupanga tchire lofunikira.
Zima exzakum
M'nyengo yozizira, mmera uyenera kuyatsidwa ndi phytolamp, ndikuwonetsanso chinyezi chokwanira, ndikuyika chidebe chamadzi pafupi ndi exakum. Muyenera kuchepetsanso kuchuluka kwa mavalidwe apamwamba ndi theka.
Omwe alimi ena, kwa nthawi yozizira, amalangizidwa kusiya kwathunthu kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza. Kutsirira kuyeneranso kuchepetsedwa. Komabe, ayenera kusamalidwa kuti dothi lisaphwe.
Kulima mbewu kwa Exzakum
Ndikwabwino kubzala mbewu nthawi yamvula. Sayenera kuphatikizidwa ndi gawo lapansi, ingogawirani pansi. Pambuyo pake, chotengera chomwe chili ndi njere chiyenera kuphimbidwa ndi galasi kapena kanema ndikusunthidwa kumalo otentha. Pogona amayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti mbewu zitha kupuma.
Patatha masiku 10 mutabzala, mbewu zimayamba kumera. Zomera zazing'ono zimalekanitsidwa ndikubzala muzotengera zosiyana. Persian violet imayamba kutulutsa m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Kufalikira kwachuma ndi odulidwa
Mukafalitsa ndi zodula, zinthuzo zizichotsedwa pamitengo ya akulu. Chifukwa cha izi, mphukira kuchokera pamwamba pamera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndikofunikira kuti odulidwa akhale ndi ma infode awiri.
Amatha kuzika mizu mumadzi am'nyanja komanso mosakanika bwino. Mizu yoyamba imawonekera m'masiku khumi ndi awiri. Pambuyo pakuwoneka, nyama zazing'ono zimatha kusinthidwa kukhala dothi lokhazikika. Zomera zazing'ono zimayamba kuphuka patatha miyezi itatu.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Mwa matenda, chomera chimatha kupatsira matenda owola. Zikuwoneka ngati kuthilira kwambiri ndipo kumayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo la chikuku. Pofuna kupewa kufa kwa nkhondoyi ya ku Persia, iyenera kuchotsedwa mumphika, kugwedeza mizu, kuichitira ndi mankhwala osagwirizana, chotsani ziwalozo ndikuzisunthira panthaka yatsopano kuti zisadzakhumudwenso mtsogolo.
Exakum itha kugwidwanso ndi tizirombo, monga:
Ma nsabwe - imakhala pamasamba ndi zimayambira za chomera, kuyamwa madzi kuchokera kwa iwo, zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa duwa. Mutha kuwuchotsa mothandizidwa ndi shawa yofunda komanso kupopera mavitamini ndi mankhwala a "Aktara";
Feltman - majeremusiwa amakhala pamasamba, pamitengo ndi pamaluwa, kuyamwa madzi kuchokera kwa iwo, ndikupanga tsamba loyera loyera m'malo omwe akhudzidwa. Amatha kuthetsedwa mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawo ndi Actellik.
Spider mite - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhudza masamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zachikasu komanso ziume. Kuti muthane nawo, mankhwala omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito Fitoverm amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kutsatira malangizo onse omwe ali pamwambapa, mudzatha kukula chomera chathanzi ndikusangalala ndi maluwa ake ambiri komanso okongola kwanthawi yayitali.
