Begonia imadziwika kuti ndi maluwa otchuka, onse mu kanyumba kanyengo komanso kuswana kwamkati. Chilichonse ndichokongola komanso chodabwitsa mmalo mwake: masamba onse awiri, ndi maluwa, mawonekedwe a chitsamba. Koma ikakula, pafupifupi aliyense wobzala amakumana ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana. Vuto lofunikira kwambiri mukakulitsa maluwa ndikugwa ndikuwuma masamba. Popewa kufa, ndikofunikira kudziwa chifukwa chake begonia imasiya komanso zomwe zimakhudza kugwa kwawo.
Mavuto omwewo nthawi zambiri amabwera ndi zolakwika posamalira mbewu. Begonia imasiya youma ndikugwa pazifukwa zotsatirazi:
- malo osayenera okhala mundende;
- kusowa kwa zinthu;
- matenda.
Timasankha zomwe zikukula
Chimodzi mwazomwe chimadziwika ndi chisamaliro chosayenera ndikusintha kwakanthawi kwamikhalidwe. Duwa lamkati limatha kusindikizidwa kwambiri ngati liyika khonde. Popeza mitundu ina ya begonias imapangidwa kuti izingokulira m'nyumba zokha komanso nyengo yabwino, masamba ndi maluwa owuma mu begonias. Chochita pankhaniyi?
Masamba owuma atapezeka pachitsamba cha chomeracho, ndikofunikira kubwezeretsanso mbewuzo momwe zidalili kale. Chotsani masamba owonongeka, adyetseni ndi feteleza wosavuta ndikusankha malo owunikira kwambiri komanso osalemba.
Ngati begonia imasiyauma nthawi yachisanu, ndiye chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli ndichazomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya uwume. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yozizira, miphika yokhala ndi mbewu ndiyofunika kuyiyika kutali ndi magetsi. Koma ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti mukuwonjezera chinyezi, pafupi ndi begonia, mutha kuyikamo zotengera madzi ndikutsuka pachitsamba tsiku ndi tsiku.
Vutoli limadziwikanso ndi mtundu wina wa mbewu zakunja. Chifukwa chomwe begonia imachoka pamsewu nthawi zambiri imakhala yopanda chinyezi komanso nyengo youma kwambiri. Kuperewera kwa ulimi wothirira kumatha kuwoneka ndi nsonga zouma zamasamba, pambuyo pake zimasanduka zofiirira. Njira yothetsera vutoli ikhale kuthirira ndi kuthirira kokwanira ndi sprayer usiku kapena m'mawa wa tsamba lambiri. Komabe, muyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mizu ya chomera sichikonda kusasinthasintha kwamadzi, kotero kuthirira kuyenera kukhala kokulirapo, apo ayi masamba a begonia adzagwa.
Sankhani kuphatikiza manyowa
Nthawi zina, ngakhale pamikhalidwe yonse yaulimi, munthu amatha kuwona momwe masamba ndi maluwa amauma pa begonias - chochita pankhaniyi? Kudyetsa pafupipafupi kwa mbewu kumapewetsa kufa kwa masamba ndikuthandizira kuti mupange watsopano.
Kwa begonias, zidzakhala zokwanira kudyetsa mpaka katatu pa mwezi. Zophatikiza zovuta za Liquid zomwe zimakhala ndi zochepa za nayitrogeni ndizoyenera kwambiri kuti zitheke. Potaziyamu nitrate imakhalanso yoyenera, yomwe imayikidwa pansi pa chomeracho osaposa kamodzi sabata iliyonse. Kusunga masamba kutentha kwambiri, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi humate, epithet, zircon.
Chotsani matenda
Masamba a Begonia amatha kuwuma ndikugwa kuchokera ku matenda ndi tizilombo toononga chifukwa cha chisamaliro choyipa komanso nyengo yabwino.
Powdery mildew. Matendawa amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a mawanga ndi zokutira zoyera. Pamene mabakiteriya ofunikirawo amafalikira, mawanga amaphatikizika ndikuphimba mbali yonse ya tsamba. Pang'onopang'ono masamba amakutira bulauni ndi youma. Njira zoyendetsera bwino pamenepa zikhala zikupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi foundationazole (0,05 - 0,1%) kapena seastane (0.05%). Mukukula, masamba a chomera amatha kufesedwa pang'ono ndi sulufule kapena kuwaza ndi njira ya sulufule ya colloidal (0,3 - 0,5%). Monga chida chotsimikiziridwa, madzi amkuwa amkuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe amakonzedwa kuchokera ku 1 litre yamadzi, 2 g. sulfate yamkuwa ndi 20 gr. phula (zobiriwira) sopo.
Gray zowola. Masamba a Begonia amathanso kuwuma ndikugwa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka ndi imvi zowola. Zabwino kwambiri pakukula kwa matendawa zimatha kukhala nyengo yotentha komanso yanyontho, pomwe mafumbi ambiri amakhala. Kuyambira kwake ndikosavuta kuzindikira m'malo amadzi ndi zokutira imvi zomwe zimapezeka pamwamba pa mphukira ndi masamba. Ndi kufalikira kowonjezereka, matendawa amakhudza zimayambira za mbewu, zomwe zimayamba kuvunda ndikuphulika. Udzu, maluwa ndi masamba a mucilage azipiringa ndikugwa. Njira yothanirana ndi zowola imvi imawonedwa kuti ikupopera ndi Bordeaux madzi (1%) kapena osakaniza ndi mkuwa wa sopo, kukonzekera komwe kwalongosoledwa pamwambapa.
Pomaliza, ndikufuna kudziwa. Simuyenera kuwomba alamu pamaso pa masamba angapo owuma a begonia. Mwachidziwikire, pali njira yokhayo yolimira bwino, yomwe masamba akale amafota. Iwoneni kwa nthawi yayitali ndikuchitapo kanthu ngati pangafunike kutero.
