Dzinalo la amaryllis, lomwe linapatsa dzinalo banja lonse lazomera zokongola kwambiri, limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dzina loti hippeastrum kotero kuti amaiwala za amaryllis weniweni. Chomera ichi ndichoperewera ndi cholengedwa china chotchuka, komanso mitundu mitundu, komanso pakufunika. Koma aliyense amene adawonapo maluwa okongola omwe ali nawo mpaka kalekale adawapatsa chidutswa cha mtima wawo. Zosasangalatsa, zolimba, zotulutsa maluwa ambiri, ma amaryllis amayenera kubwezeretsedwanso mndandanda wazikhalidwe zapamwamba.
Amaryllis belladonna, kapena Amaryllis kukongola (Amaryllis belladonna)Amaryllis Wotsimikizika komanso maluwa awo achikondi
Ma amllllis enieni, komanso wotchuka komanso wowoneka bwino (ndipo ndi yekhayo amene amagwiritsa ntchito) woimira amaryllis belladonna, atayika kwathunthu. Zomera zambiri zochokera ku banja la amaryllis, zomwe zimayenera kutchedwa kuti amaryllis, zomwe ndi hippeastrum, ngakhale "ali ndi zizolowezi", zatenga pafupifupi gawo lonse la mbewu zamkati ndipo zalowa m'malo mwa mbewu zotchuka kale.
Pakadali pano, ali ndi mawonekedwe amodzi payekhapayekha ndipo amasiyana kwambiri ndi amaryllis (komanso mwa zizindikiro zoonekeratu). Momwemonso, ndizikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi maluwa, nthawi yake, komanso chilengedwe, komanso njira yolima.
Ma amarokota enieni, monga ma bulco owoneka bwino kwambiri mkati, amabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku South Africa ndipo mwachilengedwe anali ndi chizolowezi chomachita madera apamwamba.
Amaryllis belladonna, kapena Kukongola kwa Amaryllis (Amaryllis belladonna) ofanana kwambiri ndi abale awo m'chiuno, komabe mawonekedwe ofunikira a maluwa amasiyana kwambiri. Amaryllis amakula pang'ono, m'litali, pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono, komanso "khosi" lotchuka, m'malo mwake mababu akulu, awiri omwe amatha kufika masentimita 5-6.
Amaryllises amapanga mizu yayikulu yomwe siyimafa nthawi yotsika. Amapanga kutalika kutalika kuyambira 40 mpaka 60 masentimita ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 2-3 okha, okhala ndi lamba, wokhala ndi mzere, wokhala ndi masamba "apakati" omwe bulbu imangotulutsa maluwa atadula, mu kugwa (ndipo osati nthawi yomweyo ndi ma peduncles, ngati hippeastrum) . Masamba amafa kumapeto kwa kuphuka, msambo usanayambe. Babu iliyonse imapanga masamba 16, omwe ali pambali pake, awiriawiri okhwima.
Mosiyana ndi m'chiuno, amaryllis samatulutsa zopanda kanthu, koma maulendo owoneka mwamphamvu okhala ndi kutalika kwa theka la mita mpaka pafupifupi mita 1. Kukula kwa peduncle kumathamanga kwambiri, kumachitika m'nthawi ya masiku. Amaryllis amadzuka modabwitsa. Kuyambira mphindi zoyambirira za kukula kwa peduncle mpaka kuyamba kwa maluwa okha, nthawi yayifupi kwambiri imadutsa (mpaka sabata 1).
Pesi lachifumu silingakhale korona ndi maluwa angapo koma ndi ambulera yamitundu yambiri yotulutsa inflorescence. Ili ndi maluwa ofika 12 osakanikirana ndi ma corolla omwe agawika m'miyala isanu ndi umodzi, m'mimba mwake mulifupi mwake 6,5 cm.Maluwa ndi ang'ono komanso owoneka bwino kwambiri kuposa m'chiuno, koma amatulutsa kwambiri.
Nthawi yamaluwa amellllis belladonna imasiyana kwambiri ndi m'chiuno. Ngati mbewu zomalizirazi zimayesedwa kuti ndi maluwa otentha nthawi yachisanu, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafika kumapeto kwa February, ndiye kuti miyambo ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chimayambira nthawi yophukira. Amaryllis belladonna pachimake kumapeto kwa chilimwe, nthawi zambiri, amasangalala ndi maluwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chakuti duwa lililonse limatseguka kwa masiku 4-5 ndipo limalidi limzake, mtundu wa funde umadutsa inflorescence.
Pambuyo pa maluwa, mabokosi amaryllis amamangirizidwa, pomwe mbewu 6 kapena kupitilirapo zimabisidwa. Amakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira pamwezi.
Mitundu ya amaryllis, kusiyanitsa ndi hippeastrum, kusankha komwe kunakulitsa mitundu yosankha kuti ikhale yopanda malire, yachikondi komanso yofatsa. Mitundu yoyera-yapinki kuyambira pautali wosalala kwambiri komanso wamadzi amadzi amitundu kukhala maswiti amtundu wakuda ndi ma toni ofiira-ofiira - okhala ndi belladonna mutha kusilira kukoma mtima konseku, komwe mwamwambo kumawoneka kuti ndi achikazi komanso kwaubusa kwambiri.
Fungo la amaryllis ndilopatsa chidwi, lofanana kwambiri ndi fungo labwino la kununkhira kwa ma hyacinths.
Amaryllis belladonna, kapena kukongola kwa Amaryllis (Amaryllis belladonna).
Zosiyanasiyana Amaryllis Belladonna Palette
Kusankhidwa kwa mitundu mu amaryllis kulibe chidwi kwambiri kuposa m'chiuno. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse yakhala nthano, ndipo mitundu yomwe ikupezeka yogulitsa imatha kuwerengetsa zala. Mitundu yoyera yoyera kwambiri idalipo ngati "Alba" ndi "Blanda" yakale, yoyera-yapinki - "Maxima" ndi "Elata", yayikulu-yotulutsa maluwa komanso yaying'ono-yaying'ono - "Major" ndi "Wamng'ono", motsatana. Inde, ndipo "Utoto" wofiirira ndiwofotokozedwanso ngati mtundu wachitsanzo chabwino.
Kusamalira amaryllis belladonna kunyumba
Amaryllis, Mosiyana ndi m'chiuno, amatha kubzala osati monga zam'nyumba, komanso ngati mbewu zaminda zonyamula zonyamula nyengo yachisanu. Komabe, zochuluka kwambiri zimatheka kuchokera kwa iwo mchipinda, chifukwa chake chomerachi chimabweretsa zovuta.
Amaryllis, kuwonjezera pa kufunika kuwapatsa iwo ozizira matalala, ndi mbewu zosakhazikika. Kusamalira iwo sikusiyana ndi maluwa ambiri akunyumba ndi kukakamiza kambiri. Amaryllis safunika kuwonjezera chinyezi cha mpweya, kapena kutentha kwapadera kulikonse. Kukula izi mothandizidwa ndi akatswiri odziwa zamaluwa komanso ma novice.
Nthawi yopumulira kwa belladonna wamaryllis
Kutulutsa maluwa kwa amaryllis kuli koyenera kuyesetsa kulikonse komwe kungafunike kuti zitsimikizike kuti boma lolondola likugawika. Mwamwayi, chomera ichi ndichoperetsetsa pamtengowu: kuti zithetse maluwa, ndikwanira kupatsa amaryllis kupatula milungu isanu ndi umodzi (moyenera - masabata 7-8).
Mwachikhalidwe, nyengo yotsika ya amaryllis imagwera m'chilimwe, imayamba kuyambira pomwe tsamba limatsika kumapeto kwa chilimwe, ndipo limatha ndikupanga kwa peduncle kumapeto kwa chilimwe.
Panthawi yopuma, mbewuyo imapatsidwa zinthu zitatu zazikuluzikulu za "kupumula" kwabwino:
- shading
- kuchepa kwakanthawi kothirira;
- kumaliza kwathunthu pakudya.
Mitengo yozizira nthawi zina imatchedwa njira yosankha, koma popanda iwo ndizovuta kwambiri kukwaniritsa maluwa ambiri ngakhale ndi chisamaliro chokwanira.
Nthawi yamaluwa ya amaryllis imatha kuyendetsedwa mwaulere pakusintha nyengo ndikuyisintha kukhala madeti ena kuti chomera chikhale chotsimikizika ndi masiku kapena nyengo zina.
Amaryllis belladonna, kapena Amaryllis kukongola (Amaryllis belladonna)Kuyatsa kwa Amaryllis Belladonna
Amaryllis imapanga zofunikira kuyatsa pokhapokha pokhapokha gawo lazitukuko. Panthawi yomwe chomera chimatulutsa ma peduniking ndi masamba, ndipo isanayambe kufinya, amaryllis imayenera kupatsidwa kuwunikira kowoneka bwino koposa kosankha zilizonse zomwe zingatheke.
Dzuwa mwachindunji zimasokoneza maluwa masana okha (ngati mbewuyo ikadzayamba madzulo kapena dzuwa ladzuwa, sizimuvulaza). Mulimonsemo, malo amaryllis amasankhidwa mopepuka momwe angathere. Kuchepetsa panthawiyi kumatha kubweretsa maluwa kapena kuphuka.
Ponena za kayendetsedwe kazowunikira mkati mwa nthawi yotsika, kwa masamba a amaryllis, ndichimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira pokonzekera maluwa chamtsogolo komanso chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri zomwe zimatsimikizira gawo lolondola la magawo ake. Amaryllis mtengowo utataya masamba, ndikofunikira kusunthira kumalo amtunda (makamaka pamithunzi kapena pang'ono pamthunzi), womwe umasiyana kwambiri ndi malo omwe munamangidwa.
Kutentha kosangalatsa
Nthawi yamaluwa, pomwe amaryllis ikukula mwachangu, ndiyomera yokonda kutentha, koma yopanda chidwi kuzowonetsa kutentha. Amaryllis amamva bwino mchipinda chochezera chilichonse ndipo amatha kuphulika bwino mu kutentha kochepa komanso kwapakatikati.
Koma pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa chamaluwa ochulukirachulukira m'tsogolo, ndikofunikira kupirira bulb nthawi yabwino. Kutentha kokwanira panthawi yopuma kumachokera madigiri 5 mpaka 12, koma ndibwino kuti muzikhala ndi kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 10 kwa masabata osachepera 6.
Mababu a AmaryllisKuthirira ndi chinyezi
Ngakhale ali ndi mababu komanso kuopa kuzimiririka panthaka, amaryllis amafunika maluwa ambiri kuti akhale ndi maluwa ambiri. Pa mbewu iyi, ndikofunikira kuchita zochuluka, koma osati kuthilira pafupipafupi, kulola dothi lokha kuti lipukute.
Zachidziwikire, kukhazikitsa nthaka yachinyezi ndikofunikira pachomera ichi pokhapokha pakuchita bwino. Ndikusintha kwa chomera kukhala matalala, masamba atatha kufa, kuthilira kumachepetsedwa ndikuchepetsedwa, kusungitsa chinyezi chokha ndikuganizira kusamalira mizu (chilala chonse chikutsutsana). Motere, kusamalira amaryllis sikusiyana kwambiri ndi kusamalira hippeastrum.
Amaryllis safunika kuwonjezera chinyezi cha mpweya ngakhale munthawi yamaluwa ambiri. Masamba ayenera kutsukidwa pafupipafupi.
Amaryllis belladonna kuvala
Kupeza njira yoyenera yothira feteleza sizovuta. Chowonadi ndi chakuti deta pazokonda za mbewuyi za feteleza zimasiyana kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri sizigwirizana. Munjira zambiri, mtundu wovala wamtundu wanji womwe umafunikira amaryllis zimatengera chisamaliro chomwe chimaperekedwa kuchipinda cha maluwa kapena pakubereka.
Mitundu yakale ya amaryllis nthawi zina imasankhidwa ngati mbewu zapanyumba, zomwe sizimakonda feteleza wambiri ndipo amalimbikitsa kusankha feteleza wachilengedwe kwa iwo ngati mawonekedwe amadzimadzi. Koma mitundu yambiri yamakono (ndipo malinga ndi tanthauzo lililonse la amaryllis lomwe lingagulidwe lero) amakonda feteleza kapena michere ya michere yovuta.
Kwa mbewu iyi ndibwino kugula zosakaniza zapadera za feteleza wa mababu kapena amaryllis kapena gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wovuta kwambiri wamaluwa. Pogula amaryllis, ndi bwino kumafotokozera mwatsatanetsatane momwe feteleza wina amagwiritsidwira ntchito.
Koma nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito feteleza ndi pafupipafupi panjira ndizofanana kwa onse amaryllis. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumayikidwa kamodzi pa masabata awiri ndipo kumachitika pokhapokha pakukula kwachangu.
Amaryllis belladonna, kapena kukongola kwa Amaryllis (Amaryllis belladonna).
Thirani ndi gawo lapansi
Chipolopolo chachikuluchi chimasungidwa nthawi yopuma, mbali zonse za pamwamba pake zitha kufa. Amaryllis ikhoza kuthandizidwa kumayambiriro kwa gawo lino, komanso isanayambitse kuthirira.
Kwa onse amaryllis, kusakanikirana kwa dothi lapadziko lonse lapansi, magawo ogulidwa okonzedwa osakhala ndi zandale, kapena zosakanikirana ndi dothi losakanikirana ndi pepala, dothi lonyowa, mchenga ndi humus ndizoyenera. Amaryllis ikhoza kubzalidwa ngakhale m'munda wamba kapena dimba lamasamba, kusakaniza zowonjezera kapena tchenga losachepera, koma ndikwabwino kulabadira pakusankhidwa kwa dothi. Nthaka yokukula amaryllis siyenera kungokhala yopatsa thanzi, komanso madzi- komanso opumira.
Kutalika kokwanira kwa mbewuzi ndi nthawi imodzi m'zaka 4-5, koma mutha kupitiliza mbewu nthawi zambiri ngati ana atadzaza dothi ndipo mababu alibe malo okwanira. Mu zaka pamene kupatsirana sikumachitika, chifukwa cha amaryllis, mawonekedwe apamwamba a gawo lapansi mum'zinthu amaloledwa. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuwunikira mosamala kuti kuya kwa ma bulb kumakhalabe chimodzimodzi.
Mukaziika pansi pa thankiyo, madziwo azikhala pansi (kutalika kwenikweni kwa ngalande ndi pafupifupi 3 cm). Chachikulu ndikuyesa kuwononga zowononga zazing'ono m'malo a mababu nthawi yofesedwa, yomwe sizifa ngakhale mkati mwazungu ndipo imakhala yovuta kwambiri kuwonongeka. Chifukwa chake, amaryllis, ngati palibe chifukwa chakulekanirana, ndibwino kuti musangokhala ndikusintha, koma kuti mukonzenso.
Ngati mukufuna kusiyanitsa mbewu za mwana wamkazi, ndikusanthula mababu mosamala, onetsetsani kuti sawonongeka ndi zowola. Madera owonongeka amachotsedwa mosamala ndi mpeni wakuthwa, nthawi yomweyo amawagwiritsa ntchito magawo ndi makala opera. Mizu iyenera kugwiridwa mosamala kwambiri mukabzala, koma zowuma, zouma, zazitali kapena zowongoka zimayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo.
Mukabzala, mababu amaryllis amaikidwa m'manda ndi 1/3 kapena theka lokha. Zomera zimabzalidwa kuti mtunda wotalika ndi masentimita 3-5 ukhale pamakoma achombocho: Amaryllises amatha kuyikidwa muzotengera zazikulu m'magulu, ndikusiya mtunda wa pafupifupi 10 cm pakati pa mababu ndi 2-3 cm kupita kumakoma a chidebe koma njira yosavuta kwambiri yopezera zambiri maluwa akutsikira limodzi - musalekanitse mababu ambiri pakukula, musapatula mbewu za ana aakazi ngati odziimira pawokha, koma bulalani ma mayi ndi ana ophunzira - "banja".
Matenda ndi tizirombo ta amaryllis belladonna
Amaryllis ali ndi vuto la kuvunda, chifukwa chokhala ndi chisamaliro chochepa komanso kuthirira kosayenera. Koma chowopsa kwambiri ku tizirombo toyambitsa matenda: nthata za akangaude, kupindika ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Kuti muthane nawo, muyenera kuyamba nthawi yomweyo ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Amaryllis belladonna, kapena Amaryllis kukongola (Amaryllis belladonna)Kubalana kwa Amaryllis
Amaryllis imapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kubzala mbewu zatsopano ndikuwonjezera kusonkhanitsa chifukwa cha kupangika kwa mababu a mwana wamkazi, omwe pa nthawi yosinthanitsa amatha kudzipatula ku chomera cha mayi ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zikhalidwe zoyima pawokha.
Pazaka 1 zilizonse, bulb wamkulu aliyense yemwe wafika pamlingo woyenera amatha kupanga kuchokera kwa ana awiri mpaka anayi. Kulekanitsa mwana wamkazi kamodzi sikofunikira, mutha kungogawa mabanja m'magawo awiri a 2-3. Koma ngati mukufuna, chomerachi chitha kufalitsidwanso kuchokera ku mbewu, ngakhale maluwa atha kudikirira, kuyambira 4 mpaka 8. Mbewu zofesedwa ndi chivundikiro cha dothi labwino, kumera pansi pa kanema kapena galasi.
