Pakati pa ziweto zazikulu, zitsamba kapena mitengo, zomwe nthawi zina zimawoneka zachilendo komanso zapamwamba, sizipezeka kawirikawiri. Umu ndi momwe pittosporum imawonekera. Kuchokera kutali, korona wonenepa amawoneka kuti ndi woyera, koma mukayandikira chomera, mudzawonanso momwe masamba amasinthira, omwe amawapatsanso curls, kukongola kwa mithunzi yobiriwira, komanso maluwa osalala. Uwu ndi mawu olimba komanso osangalatsa kwa iwo omwe amafunafuna chiyambi ngakhale pokonda malo.
Pittosporum Tobira (Pittosporum tobira).
Mtengo wa Mtengo Pittosporum
Nthula ndi imodzi mwazinthu zokongola kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ali ophatikizika: ngakhale mwachilengedwe, amakula mpaka mamitala 2 okha mumtunda wamtunda (mpaka 5 m mumtunda wamitengo). Kuchulukana ndi kukongoletsa kwa korona pamadzi awa sikunafanane, ndipo sikusintha kokha mutakula m'malo otentha m'maiko omwe ali ndi nyengo yofunda, komanso m'chipinda kapena chikhalidwe chazomera.
Pittosporums ndizomera zomwe zimakhala zouma, zomwe zimavuta kuzisintha. Japan ndi China amadziwika kuti ndiwo malo obisalirako pittosporum, zomwe ndizosavuta kuyerekezera kuchokera ku mawonekedwe "akum'mawa" ndi mawonekedwe a chomera.
Pansi pa dzina lenileni, ma pittosporums pafupifupi sakudziwika. Dzinalo Lachilatini ndi lotsika kwambiri potchuka ndi dzina losavuta la anemis. Chipinda chimadziwika kuti ndicho banja ladziko lonse la Smolosemyannikov.
Oimira genus Smolosa, kapena pittosporum (Pittosporum) - zitsamba zobiriwira nthawi zambiri, nthawi zambiri - mitengo yokhala ndi korona wandiweyani. Mbande zamkati ndizochepa kutalika kwamamita awiri, ndipo ngakhale zimatero zimafikira kukula kokhako popanda mawonekedwe. Tchire limakula pang'onopang'ono, pakhosi la akulu limakula pachaka kokha masentimita ochepa. Mphukira zolimba, zosinthika za pittosporum ndi khungwa losalala zimaphatikizidwa mu mtengo wokhala ndi masamba okongoletsedwa, amtundu wachikopa, achikopa, obovate. Masamba onyezimira kumapeto kwa nthambi amasonkhanitsidwa mumizere, yomwe imapatsa mbewuyo mawonekedwe apamwamba komanso mawonekedwe. Nsonga za mphukira ndi mtundu wawo wa "maluwa" amakumbutsa masamba a Rhododendrons, komanso mphamvu yanthawi yayitali komanso kupindika kwa korona.
Maluwa a pittosporums a zitsamba zamkati ndi akulu mokwanira, mpaka 2,5 cm. Akamasuka, amasintha kukhala chikaso chowoneka bwino chikamera, chifukwa cha kusintha pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kwamtundu umodzi, mutha kusilira maluwa amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pittosporum imadabwitsa ndi fungo labwino, losalala komanso lonunkhira bwino lomwe limakumbutsa malalanje ndi ma citruse okoma. Maluwa a Pittosporum nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zonunkhira zachilengedwe ndikupanga tiyi, zakumwa zoledzeretsa. Chomera sichimatulutsa maluwa amodzi, kukuzika kowoneka bwino, zikopa zolimba za inflorescence kuyambira Epulo (ndipo nthawi zina Marichi) mpaka kumapeto kwa June. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, maluwa amatha kuchitika pokhapokha ngati ali ndi zaka zisanu, ndipo nthawi zina limatulutsa pittosporum ngakhale pambuyo pake.
Pambuyo maluwa, mutha kuwona njira yosinthira pang'onopang'ono ya makapisozi atatu okhala ndi zisa. Mbewu za Pitsporum zokutira ndi utoto wokhazikika utoto zimapakidwa mumithunzi yowala ya lalanje.
Mitundu ya Pittosporum
Mwa mitundu yoposa makumi asanu ya sitiroberi, mitundu iwiri yokha ndi yomwe imamera ngati chomera chakumphika.
Nthambi yotchuka kwambiri yamkati imatchedwa kuti Tobira Pittosporum (Pittosporum tobirayomwe imadziwikanso kuti khosi wamba ndi pittosporum fungo) ndi chitsamba chowoneka bwino komanso chodabwitsa nthawi zonse. Chomera sichimafikira kutalika kwa mita yayitali m'miyeso yachikhalidwe, chocheperako mpaka masentimita 150. Mphukira zimakhala zolimba komanso zowonda, zimapanga korona. Mtundu wa obovate, wokwezeka, wokhala ndi maziko olimbidwa komanso nsonga yozungulira, masamba achikopa amtunduwu wa pittosporum amawonetsa utoto wonyezimira wamtambo wonyezimira, womwe mtsempha wapakati umadutsa. Kutulutsa kwa pitira pattosporum kumayambira kumapeto kwa kumapeto kwa nyengo ya Julayi. Zikopa zodziwikiratu zimakopa maso kukongola kwa zoyera kapena zonona, koma maluwa onunkhira akuluakulu okhala ndi mulifupi mwake pafupifupi masentimita 2.5. Kuphatikiza pa chomera choyambira, pa malonda mungapeze mitundu yosiyanasiyana yopanda dzina ya Tobira pittosporum.
Pittosporum woonda (Pittosporum tenuifolium) pachilichonse chimafanana ndi pittosporum ya Tobir, koma masamba ake ndi ochepa kwambiri komanso lanceolate, ndi m'mphepete mwa wavy. Maluwa nawonso amakhala otsika kwambiri mpaka kuthamanga mpikisano (mpaka 1 cm), koma amapaka utoto wamtundu wa cinnabar ofiira ndipo amawoneka wamtengo wapatali motsutsana ndi maziko a zitsamba zobiriwira zakuda.
Pittosporum tobira (Pittosporum tobira), kapena pakhosi wamba, kapena fungo la pittosporum.
Throatis Thinifolia, kapena Pittosporum Thinifolia (Pittosporum tenuifolium).
Kusamalira Pittosporum kunyumba
Maluwa a mitengo ya pitosporum yoyang'ana kumbuyo kwa masamba ake owoneka bwino ndi korona wakutali wopindika amawoneka ngati mawonekedwe apadera. Koma mawonekedwe osazolowereka satanthauza konse kuti chomera ichi ndi chovuta kukula. Pittosporum sakonda kwambiri, imafunika kuthirira mosamala, chisamaliro chokhazikika komanso chisamaliro. Koma palibe chovuta, kupatula nyengo yachisanu yozizira, posamalira mbewu. Ndipo kupumula kwapangidwe ndi kukongola kumakwaniritsa bwino chisamaliro. Pittosporum imasankhidwa bwino ndi alimi odziwa bwino omwe amatha kupereka chithandizo mosamalitsa.
Kuwala kwa Pittosporum
Ndikosavuta kutcha zitsamba zomwe zimakonda dzuwa, koma ndizomera zam'mimba kwambiri. Kuboola sikukhudza kukongola kwa masamba, koma pa gawo la maluwa ndi maluwa, kuchepetsedwa kulikonse kwa kuwala kumawonetsedwa pakuyika ndikukula kwa maluwa ndi masamba. Masamba a chitsamba ayenera kutetezedwa kuti asayang'ane padzuwa (kuwunikira kwambiri kumawapangitsa kuti azitseguka), koma ndibwino osayika pittosporum pawindo.
Mawindo akum'mawa ndi kumadzulo akuwonetsedwa kuti ndi malo abwino kwambiri azomera, koma pittosporum imamva bwino pawindo lakumpoto. Kugwedezeka pang'ono sikupweteka, koma pakatikati pang'ono, pakhosi pakhale pabwino.
Khosi liyenera kuwala pang'ono. Ndikwabwino kutembenuzira korona nthawi zonse mogwirizana ndi gwero lowunikira.
Variegated rosaceae amakonda kwambiri kukhazikika ndi kuwala kwambiri kuposa mitundu yobiriwira masamba.
Kutentha kosangalatsa
Pittosporums ndi am'nyumba maka omwe amakonda kukula ndikukula ozizira. Samalola kutentha, kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kwa mpweya. Muzipinda zogona, amamva bwino, koma kutentha sikupitirira madigiri 23. Kutentha kwakanthawi - kuyambira 18 mpaka 21 degrees.
Zomera zimakwaniritsa kukongoletsa pokhapokha ngati zimapereka nyengo yozizira. Kwa nthawi yozizira, ma pittosporums amasunthidwa bwino kupita kuzipinda zomwe zimakhala ndi kutentha kwa 10 mpaka madigiri 13 Celsius. Kupatuka pama paramu oyendetsedwa kumangotitsogolera osati kungochoka kapena kuwonongeka kwa maluwa, komanso kutsika kwakukula. Kutsitsa kutentha pansipa madigiri 10 kumayipa pamizu, koma gawo lamlengalenga limatha kupirira ngakhale chisanu. Chifukwa chake, munthawi yonse yokhala matalala, kutentha kwa gawo lapansi kumayang'aniridwa makamaka ndi kutentha kwa gawo lapansi ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, njira zimatengedwa motsutsana ndi hypothermia ya miphika povumbulutsa chomera kuti chiimire.
Pittosporum imakonda kwambiri kusunthika kwa mpweya komanso kusowa kwa mpweya wabwino. Chipinda chomwe chitsamba ichi chiri.
Maluwa a testis, kapena pittosporum (Pittosporum).
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Pittosporums amafunika kuthirira moyenera, pang'ono. Samalekerera kusayenda kwa madzi ndi kuthilira kwamadzi m'nthaka, kuthilira kwambiri. M'chilimwe, pamatenthedwe wamba, pitsporum nthawi zambiri imathiriridwa, koma popanda kuchuluka, ndipo nthawi yachisanu yozizira, kuthirira kumachepa kwambiri, kumachepetsa chinyezi ndi theka kuyerekeza ndi chilimwe. Ndiosafunika kulola kuyanika kwathunthu kwa gawo la sitiroberi. Kukhazikika kwa ulimi wothirira kamodzi pa sabata kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, kawiri pa sabata nthawi yachilimwe komanso masabata 1.5 1.5 nthawi yozizira.
Resin pakhosi limalekerera mpweya wouma bwino, koma maluwa okongoletsa amakula kwambiri. Ndikofunika kukulitsa pittosporum osachepera pang'ono ndi chinyezi. Kutentha kwambiri kapena dontho pazizindikirozi, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika. Kununkhira kwapang'onopang'ono, kuwonjezera pa siteji ya maluwa ndi maluwa, kumathandizira kuti masamba awonekere. Mitundu imatha kupukutidwa kapena kutsukidwa kuchokera kufumbi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yapadera.
Feteleza wa pittosporum
Mbewu za Resin zimafunikira zowonjezera kudya chaka chonse, ngakhale panthawi yokhala matalala, kukhalabe ndi magawo olimba. Pittosporums imatha kudyetsedwa kokha mchaka ndi chilimwe, koma mavalidwe osowa nthawi yachisanu amasunga korona wokongoletsa kwambiri chaka chonse.
Munthawi yakukula kovala bwino, kuvala pamwamba kumayikidwa pafupipafupi nthawi 1 m'masabata awiri. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, kuvala pamwamba kumachitika kamodzi pamwezi.
Kwa pittosporum, muyenera kusankha feteleza wovuta kwambiri wamaluwa amkati. Ngati mungafune, kuvala kwapafupipafupi pachilimwe kumatha kusinthidwa ndi mavalidwe apamwamba ndi feteleza wachilengedwe.
Kudulira kwa Pittosporum
Monga zitsamba zina zambiri zamkati, khosi lotsalira limakongoletsa kwambiri pokhapokha ngati limapangidwa nthawi zonse, kuthandizira kulimbana ndi kutsika kwa korona. Popita nthawi, masamba am'munsi amagwa, kuvumbula nthambi, ndikudulira kumapangitsanso kukonzanso korona. Zomera zimalekerera pafupifupi kumeta kulikonse bwino, zomwe zimathandiza kukulitsa mwayi wazomwe amagwiritsa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana.
Pazomera pangani mitundu ingapo ya zinyalala:
- kupesa kapena kudina nthambi zamitengo yaying'ono;
- kudula kosavuta kwa nthambi zopindika kuchokera kumphepete mwa korona;
- kuyerekeza mpaka 1/3 ya mphukira kutalika kuti ipatsitse silhouette yolimba;
- kudula mbali mphukira ndikupanga thunthu lapakati kuti apange mitundu ya tsinde ndi matabwa.
Ngati angafune, pittosporums itha kukhala wamkulu mu mawonekedwe a bonsai. Pa kapangidwe kake ndi kogwiritsa ntchito waya ndi mawonekedwe a tsitsi pafupipafupi.
Kupereka kwa Pittosporum ndi gawo lapansi
Nthaka zimabzulidwa nthawi zambiri komanso nthawi zambiri. Asanakwanitse zaka zinayi, mbewu zimasinthidwa chaka chilichonse, kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachilimwe, patatha zaka 4 - zaka ziwiri zilizonse, kusintha mawonekedwe amtundu wazophatikizira muzaka zomwe zosinthira sizikuchitika. Ngati chomera sichifunikira kumuika, mizu yake sinakonzekere bwino gawo lonse, ndiye kuti kumuika ndibwino kuchitira kawirikawiri momwe sizingatheke. Resin pakhosi zimawakhumudwitsa kusintha kosintha, kusinthasintha kumatenga nthawi yayitali.
Pittosporum sakonda peat ndipo zomwe zili mu gawo lapansi ziyenera kukhala zochepa. Kusakaniza kwadziko lapansi kuli koyenera kwa mbewu. Mulingo woyenera wa nthaka ndi pH ya 5.5 mpaka 6.0. Ngati gawo lapansi lasakanikirana pawokha, ndiye kuti kwa pittosporum ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwazosakanikirana zapadziko lapansi:
- chisakanizo cha mchenga, humus, sod, dothi losakanizika ndi peat poyerekeza 1: 1: 4: 2: 1/2;
- chisakanizo cha magawo ofanana mchenga, ma turf ndi nthaka yamasamba.
Mwa pittosporum, njira imodzi yokhayo yomwe ndi yovomerezeka - kusinthana ndikusungidwa kwathunthu kwa dongo. Kulumikizana ndi mizu kungayambitse kufa kwa mbewu. Pansi pa thanki yatsopano muyenera kuyikapo ngalande zazitali. Mukabzala, mbewuyo iyenera kuyikidwa m'malo wofatsa, owongoleredwa ndi chinyezi chambiri.
Matenda a Pittosporum ndi tizirombo
Pittosporums ndi imodzi mwazomera zolimba kwambiri zamkati. Pokhapokha ndikuphwanya kwakukulu chisamaliro, kudziunjikira fumbi pamasamba, kuyatsa kosayenera ndi kuthirira kwambiri, amatha kuvutika ndikufalikira kwa zowola, nthata za akangaude kapena tizilombo tina tomwe timafalitsa mwachangu mpweya wouma. Kulimbana ndi mavutowa kumayambira bwino ndikusintha kosamalitsa kwa chisamaliro ndikuchotsa tizilombo ku mbewu, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo pokhapokha njira zosavuta sizithandiza.
Mavuto omwe akukula:
- Kutha kwa masamba pang'ono;
- wotambasuka, mawonekedwe owawa mumithunzi yathunthu;
- kupotoza ndi kuyanika masamba pansi pa cheza cha dzuwa;
- kutayika kwa mtundu wa motley m'mitundu yosiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yambiri ya nitrogen kapena kuyatsa kochepa;
- kutayika kwachilengedwe kwa masamba otsika.
Pittosporum woonda-leved (Pittosporum tenuifolium).
Kubalana
Indoor pittosporums zimafalitsidwa makamaka ndi zodula, koma ngati zinali zotheka kusonkhanitsa kapena kupeza mbewu, ndiye kuti mbewu zokongola zimatha kudulidwa kuchokera kwa iwo.
Pakuzika mizu, ndikofunikira kuti musagwiritse ntchito zobiriwira, koma zopindika, chilimwe chitayamba kumangoyamba nkhuni m'munsi. Mizu imatha kuchitika mumchenga wosakanikirana ndi dothi kapena mu mchenga woyera, mumzinthu zikuluzikulu. Woyikidwa m'nthaka kudula pakona. Chithandizo chakukulitsa chofunikira ndichofunika koma chosafunikira (pafupifupi, njirayi imatenga pang'ono mwezi). Asanazike mizu, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale chinyezi chadothi chokhazikika (chifukwa cha pittosporum, ndikofunikira kupanga chinyezi chokwanira chokwanira ndikuphimba chidebe ndi zodulira ndi kapu kapena kapu kanema, koma njira zoterezi zithandizira mizu). Mukazika mizu, zodulidwa zimabzalidwa mumiphika yayitali-ing'ono pogwiritsa ntchito gawo limodzi la mbewu. Kusamalira mbewu zazing'ono kuli kofanana ndi kusamalira ma pittosporums achikulire, koma mapangidwe ake osindikizidwa kumtengo akuyenera kuyamba kuyambira milungu yoyambira.
Ndikotheka kupeza sitiroberi kuchokera kumbewu. Kubzala kumachitika pang'onopang'ono peat-yopanda peatatesi (zosakanikirana zapansi pano zokhala ndi mchenga, mavu ndi nthaka yamasamba). Kubzala kuyenera kuchitika mutangoitanitsa mbewu, chifukwa amataya msanga. Kubzala kumachitika mopitilira muyeso kapena ndi chivundikiro chamchenga, pamtunda wothinitsidwa. Kuwombera pansi pa kanema kapenagalasi kumawoneka motalika kokwanira, kutsitsa kumatha kuchitika pokhapokha kupangidwa kwathunthu kwa masamba enieni, mumiphika imodzi. Zomera zimayamba pang'onopang'ono, mchaka choyamba sizimakula mu mlengalenga, mizu yomwe ikukula.
Zomera zopangidwa kuchokera ku mbewu ndi kudula zimamera pafupifupi nthawi imodzi - mchaka chachitatu mutafesa kapena kubzala kuti muzu. Osowa kwambiri, odula amatha kuphukira patatha zaka ziwiri.
