Munda wapachaka ndi maluwa osatha ndi chimodzi mw maluwa otchuka kwambiri m'minda yathu. Momwe mungakulire bwino ma asters kuchokera ku mbewu, nthawi yobzala mbande, ndipo ndizotheka kupeza maluwa otaya mutabzala m'nthaka nthawi yomweyo?
Mitundu yambiri ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya asters imakopa ma floriculturists ndi mawonekedwe awo ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, chithunzi chodabwitsa kwambiri cha mitundu komanso luso losavuta lazolimo. Zomera zokhazokha, ngakhale ndizosasamalidwa pang'ono, zimakonda kudzipereka, koma izi zisanachitike.
Momwe mungabzalire mbewu za asters? Panyumba ndibwino kuyamba kufesa, kuti pofika nthawi yosamutsa mbuto zazikulu ndi zolimba?
Kubzala masiku ndi kukonza aster mbewu yoti mubzale
Kutalika kwa maluwa asters kumadalira mitundu kapena mitundu. Zomera zam pachaka zimakutidwa ndi masamba 90-120 patatha masiku ofesa, ndipo zipatso zake zimaphuka chaka chotsatira. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa pamabedi amaluwa ndi mbande, ana aster atakula kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba.
Popeza mbewu za astra zimasiya kumera m'zaka 2-3, zinthu zatsopano, zabwinoko za chaka chatha ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofesa.
Mbewu kuchokera m'makampani otsimikizika mutatsegula phukusi ndi wokonzeka kubzala. Chinanso ndi mbewu zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera ku maluwa omwe mumakonda kapena kugula kuchokera m'manja. Mbewu zambiri za bowa zimatha kukhalapo, chifukwa chake, mbewuzo ziyenera kuzikika ndi fungicide kutsatira malangizo.
Mukadzala nthiti za aster kuti mukule mbande? Zomera zing'onozing'ono zimasinthidwa kukhala duwa la maluwa nthawi ya kasupe ikadutsa, ndipo nthaka imawotha mpaka +15 ° C. Pakati panjira izi sizichitika mpaka pakati pa Meyi. Masabata 3-4 isanakwane nthawi iyi, ndiye kuti, mu theka loyamba la Epulo ayamba kubzala.
Nthaka yomera zipatso za kunyumba
Ziwonetsero ndizosavomerezeka, zimamera ndi kukula bwino m'nthaka ya mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, chinthu chachikulu ndichakuti ikhale yopatsa thanzi, nthawi zonse yosasamala komanso yopepuka. Pofesa, mutha kutenga gawo lopangidwa ndi maluwa ponse ponse kapena lamaluwa, kenako ndikuwonjezera mchenga wamtsinje pang'ono ndikuwumitsa, womasunga chinyontho.
Kuteteza mbande, dothi losakanikirana liyenera kutenthetsedwa bwino mu uvuni, mwachitsanzo, mu malaya ophika, kapena chosawilitsidwa m'njira ina iliyonse. Mochulukitsa, mutha kudzaza dothi ndi njira yokhazikika ya potaziyamu permanganate.
Ngati muli ndi dothi la m'munda ndi dothi pafupi, mutha kupanga gawo loyenerera kubzala asters ndi mbewu panokha, ndikuwonjezera magawo awiri a nthaka ndi theka la mchenga ndi theka la gawo la perlite kapena vermiculite.
Kubzala mbewu za aster kuti mbande
Mbewu za asters ndizambiri, koma zopepuka, ndipo mphukira zomwe zimatuluka zimatha kutenga matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi. Chifukwa chake, mukafesa, mbewu zimagawidwa pamtunda umodzi wosakanizika, koma osazika mizu, koma mosamala, ndi wosanjikiza pafupifupi 8 mm, umawazidwa ndi mchenga wowuma. Kuthirira zomwe zili mumtsuko zitatha izi sikofunikira.
Mwakuwala, kutentha, kutentha kwa 15-20 ° C ndi chinyezi chachikulu, mbewu zimadzuka mwachangu, kutupa ndi kuwaswa. Mphukira zoyambirira zimatha kuwoneka osakwana sabata limodzi.
Nthawi iyi ndiyofunika kwambiri komanso yofunikira. Kuti muchepetse kutentha, kuthirira kwambiri komanso kusintha zina mu nyengo zakukula kumayankha ndikuwonongeka kwa zowola. Ngati "mwendo wakuda" uwoneka pa mbande, mbewu zotere zimachotsedwa mosamala ndikuwonongeka pamodzi ndi chidebe cha dothi. Mbande zomwe zatsala zikufunika kuthandizidwa ndi bowa
Masamba enieni mukawoneka pa asters, amadzinyamula, amawasiyira makapu osiyana kapena chidebe chimodzi, koma obzalidwa patali kwambiri ndi inzake. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito maselo a peat momwe:
- palibe chiopsezo chokhala ndi chomera, chomwe chimachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a fusarium;
- ukazilidwa mu nthaka, muzu wake suvutika, mbande sizidwala ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimayamba kukula.
Ndikofunika kuwonjezera feteleza wophatikiza ndi gawo laling'ono la mbewu zazing'ono, zomwe sizokhala ndi nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu, komanso zinthu zina.
Mukatola, mbewu zimayikidwa pamalo owala otetezedwa ku zojambula zowuma ndi dzuwa. Zomera zimathandizira mkati mwa masiku 7-10. Pamene masamba enieni 4-5 atsegulidwa, ndi nthawi yakuumitsa, ndikuwonjezera nthawi yomwe amakhala panja tsiku lililonse. Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa nyengo yofunda, ma aster omwe amabzala kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba angabzalidwe m'munda.
Kubzala mbewu za aster panthaka
Mbande za Spruce zimatha kufa pamtunda wotsika-zero, nthangala zokhwima za aster zimatha kulolera nyengo yozizira bwino ndipo kasupe imapereka mphukira zosangalatsa. Katundu wachikhalidweyu amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi olima maluwa omwe safuna kuvutitsa kumera ndi kufesa kunyumba. Mbewu zofesedwa yomweyo m'nthaka m'malo awo kukula ndi maluwa.
Kodi mungakulitse bwanji aster kuchokera mu njere motere? Pali njira ziwiri zomwe mungasankhe:
- kufesa kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, pomwe kwayamba kale kuzizira, ndipo palibe chiopsezo chowoneka ngati mphukira zosafunikira;
- kumayambiriro kasupe pa chipale chofewa kapena thaw lapansi lokha, pansi pa kanema kapena chophimba.
Mbewu zobzalidwa nthawi yophukira zimasokonekera mwachilengedwe, chifukwa chake mbande zake zimakhala zamphamvu, zochezeka komanso zosakhudzidwa ndikusintha kwa nyengo yamasika ndi matenda.
Kubzala mbewu za aster mukakula panja? Mu nthawi yophukira, kufesa kumachitika kuyambira pakati pa Okutobala ndipo ngati nyengo ilola, mpaka kumapeto kwa Novembala. Chapakatikati, mutha kubzala mu chisanu pamtunda wokonzedwa kuyambira kugwa mpaka pakati pa Epulo. Poterepa, madera obzalidwa aphimbidwa. Chigawo chachiwiri chakubzala kwa aster ndi mbewu chimayamba mu Meyi, pomwe kutentha ndi chitetezo chowonjezera sichifunikanso.
Ndiye kuti mbewu sizinakhuta kwambiri, ndipo zikumera zimafooka, mbewu zobzalidwa.
- panthaka yonyowa;
- m'mabokosi oyambira 1-1.5 cm;
- pa mtunda wa theka la sentimita.
Mbewu zapamwamba zowazidwa ndi peat-humus osakaniza. Ngati malo ofunikira amafunikira mbewu, amachotsedwa pomwe mphukira zochulukira zikuwonekera pamalowo. Pa siteji ya mapangidwe a tsamba ili, kupatulira kwa mbande kumachitika. Zowonjezera siziyenera kutayidwa;
