Mtundu wa Magnolia umaimiridwa ndi mitundu 80. Ndizofala ku East ndi Southeast Asia, kuzilumba za Java ndi Sumatra, ku Central ndi North America. Magnolia adatchedwa Janus Magnol wa botanist.
Awa ndi mitengo yokongola kwambiri kapena zitsamba zokhala ndi masamba akulu owoneka achikopa. Koma kunyada kwa ma magnolias ndi maluwa. Amasiyana kwambiri. Chachikulu, chokhala ndi sera zazitali (zidutswa za 6 mpaka 15), zazing'ono (mpaka mainchesi 8), yopanga nyenyezi. Maluwa amathanso osiyanasiyana: oyera, oyera, ofiirira, achikasu, nthawi zina achikaso, onunkhira mosangalatsa. Aliyense amene anawona maluwa otchedwa magnolia ali ndi chidwi chofuna kukongoletsa mundawo. Izi zikudzutsa funso - mu nthawi yomwe chomerachi chimadzalidwa?
Magnolia maliseche (Magnolia denudata). © FanghongMitundu yotchuka ya magnolias
Ngati mutayamba ndi mitundu yolimbikira kwambiri, yosinthika kwambiri ndi ma magnolias, ndiye kuti kukonda ku Asia kumaperekedwa pano, pakati pa iwo ndi mtundu wa cobus magnolia, loosestrife magnolia, magnolia yamaliseche komanso maluwa a kakombo.
Mtundu wolimbikira kwambiri wa magnolia ndi magnolia kobus (ochokera ku Japan). Ndiwosasamala posamalira, chifukwa chake oyamba kumene. Ichi ndi mtengo wokongola kwambiri mpaka 5 m kukwera, mokulira komanso pafupipafupi mu 20 Epulo komanso mpaka 15 Meyi. Mutha kumera magnolia kobus kuchokera kumbewu kapena mbande.
Magnolia willow (Magnolia salicifolia). © MargozLoosestrife magnolia - mtengo wocheperako wa piramidi komanso wobadwira ku Japan, umamasamba mu Epulo ndi maluwa oyera ooneka ngati belu, masamba okhala ndi fungo labwino.
Liliaceae magnolia limachokera ku China lokha, limachita maluwa ndi maluwa ofiirira, omwe mawonekedwe ake ndi opindika.
Magulu a Naked ndi amodzi okongola kwambiri. Mtengo uwu kapena shrub yayitali ngati mawonekedwe ambale wamaluwa wokhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu oyera oyera.
Magnolia kobus (Magnolia kobus).
Kubzala Mbewu za Magnolia
Popeza mwasankha chomera chabwino kwambiri pakukoma kwanu, ziyenera kubzalidwe moyenera ndikudziwa malamulo a chisamaliro. Magnolia kuchokera kumbewu imalowetsedwa ndi kuyika kwa mpweya ndi mbande. Mbewu zimakhazikika mu chipolopolo chofiyira chamafuta, chomwe chimawateteza kuti asayime, chifukwa chomwe amachedwa kumera.
Mbewu za Magnolia zimatsukidwa ndi chipolopolo ndikufesedwa m'mabokosi okhala ndi dothi ndikuzisungirabe m'malo ozizira (cellar, loggia) pamtunda wa 6-10 degrees (koma osatsika kuposa 3) ndikusiyidwa kuti stratification kwa miyezi 4-5, yofewa nthawi zonse. Pakatha miyezi 5, zimamera. Kupitilira apo, mbewuyo ikhoza kuikidwa lina ku bokosi lina kapena mumphika wokhala ndi kutalika kwa 30 cm, apo ayi mbewuyo imachedwa kukula. M'chaka choyamba, mbande za magnolia zimakula pang'onopang'ono. Masamba enieni amawonekera koyambirira kwa Juni, koma kukula kwachangu kumayamba mu Ogasiti-Seputembala.
Zomera zobzalidwa nthawi zonse zimadyetsedwa ndikuthiriridwa ndi yankho la feteleza wa mchere mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti. Kupitilira apo, mbande za magnolia zimakula mwachangu, zimatha kutalika mamita 1.3. Koma mbewu zotere nthawi yozizira zolimba dothi lotseguka, kotero pomwe isanayambike nyengo yozizira yoyamba (chisanu chisanachitike) imalowetsedwa m'chipinda chowala osati chotentha kwambiri. Amagulu akasiya masamba (ndipo ngati sichoncho, ayenera kudulidwa ndi lumo), ndikusamutsira m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba. Mu nthawi yamasika, mbewuzo zimakhala zokonzeka kubzala poyera.
Njira yolerera, ngakhale imabweretsa zowawa, ili ndi zabwino zake - mbewuyo imachulukirachulukira nthawi yoyamba, kenako mmera wamphamvu wa magnolia sitingathe kupirira. Koma kuchokera pakufesa mbewu mpaka maluwa, sizipitilira zaka 10-12.
Magnolia liliaceae (Magnolia liliiflora). © Kurt StueberKubzala Panja Magnolia
Njira ina ndi yachangu, koma yodula. Ndikofunikira kugula chomera chotalika mita 1 m'munda. ndi mtanda wapadziko lapansi. Kukula kwamaluwa mu nthawi yomweyo, sankhani mmera ndi masamba 1-2.
Magnolias amabzalidwa masika (mu Epulo), koma kubzala yophukira (mu Okutobala) kumaperekanso zabwino. Tsambali likuyenera kukhala dzuwa (ngakhale magnolia imatha kupirira pang'ono mthunzi), lotetezedwa ku mphepo. Nthaka yadzala ndi humus, yopanda miyala.
Mmera wabzalidwa dzenje, mochulukirachulukira chomangira chomera. Dothi losakanikirana ndi kompositi ndi ufa wamfupa umathiridwa pansi. Magnolia mmera umathiridwa ndi osakaniza, rammed nthaka ndikupanga madzi okwanira. Pamwamba pa mmera mudadzaza ndi khungwa.
Kusamalira magnolia ndikosavuta. Chomera chimafuna kuthirira kwambiri, nthawi iliyonse masika ndikofunikira kuyika nthaka ndi peat kapena kompositi, kasupe - kuchotsa nthambi zouma. Ndipo lamulo limodzi lomwelo - osakumba dothi lozungulira mtengo ndipo osabzala chilichonse pafupi.
