Nkhani zambiri zokhudzana ndi kukula kwamasamba zimachitika chifukwa chosamvetsetsa tanthauzo lake. Pakati pawo pali vuto la kufalitsa mbatata, zomwe ndizofunika kwambiri m'dziko lathu. Podziwa kuti muzu uwu ukhoza kufalikira m'njira ziwiri, monga: mothandizidwa ndi mbewu ndi masamba, wamaluwa nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi mutu wa mbatata zamaluwa. Nanga bwanji mbatata siyikuphuka, ndipo ingayambukireni tuberization?
Kutha kwa zomeretsa ndi mbewu ndikubadwa mwachilengedwe mwachilengedwe mwachilengedwe. Munthu akuphunzira kufananizira njira ziwiri zakulera izi kumaphunziro a biology yasukulu. Wamaluwa amadziwa bwino mbali iyi ya nightshade. Kuno kwa nzika zadzuwa zokhazokha zomwe zimabzala mbatata zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi masiku okucha pamasamba awo nthawi zonse amanyalanyaza izi.
Kupanda maluwa a mbatata: vuto kapena dongosolo
Phula la mbatata limatengera zinthu zambiri, ndipo ena okha ndi omwe amakhudza mwachindunji njira ya tuberization. Onani zifukwa zomwe zakonzera maluwa pamunda wa mbatata mwatsatanetsatane:
Kodi chitsamba chidzaphuka kapena ayi? Kuti apange timizere todzaza tokha, mbatata siziyenera kuphuka konse. M'mabuku ena a mbatata, mutha kupeza malingaliro pazakuchotsa dala ndi masamba. Agronomists, atapanga maphunziro angapo pamutuwu, adazindikira kuti kufalikira kwa thumba losunga mazira ndi maluwa kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa, koma ayi chifukwa cha kusakhalapo kwa maluwawo. Pa masamba, mitundu yambiri imayamba kupanga tubers. Tsopano muyenera kupanga chovala champhamvu kwambiri ndikuwonjezera kuthirira. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata yomwe maluwa ndi ma tuber mapangidwe ake sizigwirizana. M'timagulu tathu, ndichikhalidwe chodzala mbatata ndi sing'anga koyambirira, monga, tubers zimapangidwa nthawi yamaluwa.
Kodi chitsamba chidzaphuka kapena ayi? Kuti apange timizere todzaza tokha, mbatata siziyenera kuphuka konse. M'mabuku ena a mbatata, mutha kupeza malingaliro pazakuchotsa dala ndi masamba. Agronomists, atapanga maphunziro angapo pamutuwu, adazindikira kuti kufalikira kwa thumba losunga mazira ndi maluwa kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa, koma ayi chifukwa cha kusakhalapo kwa maluwawo. Pa masamba, mitundu yambiri imayamba kupanga tubers. Tsopano muyenera kupanga chovala champhamvu kwambiri ndikuwonjezera kuthirira. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata yomwe maluwa ndi ma tuber mapangidwe ake sizigwirizana. M'timagulu tathu, ndichikhalidwe chodzala mbatata ndi sing'anga koyambirira, monga, tubers zimapangidwa nthawi yamaluwa.Mfundo yofunika - kuthyola mapesi a maluwa, okhala chilimwe amaponda mayendedwe awo ndikudula masamba, zomwe zimatsogolera kuchepa kwa zokolola!
Kodi ndizosiyanasiyana ndikofunikira popanga ma peduncle? Pali mbatata za mitundu yoyambirira-yoyambirira. Zomera zawo zimapangidwa mwachangu kotero kuti zimadutsa matenda onse odziwika, okhwima chilimwe cha Mbatata ya Colorado, koma nthawi yomweyo alibe nthawi yophulika. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu "Roco", "Timo" kapena "Mariella". Kuchuluka kwa zokolola zawo kumapangitsa kuti anthu azilakalaka, koma kukula mbatata, ngati njira yopezera zomwe agulitsa poyambira, kukhwima koyambirira ndikofunika kwambiri. Mulimonsemo, mbatata zotere zingabzalidwe pamiyeso yaying'ono, zokhazo zokha ndikulandila mbatata zazing'ono pagome pawo. Polankhula ngati mbatata zikufunika kuphulika, munthu ayenera kudziwa kuti mitundu imasanjidwa kwambiri, yomwe maluwa amayambira pakati, komanso mitundu ndi mitundu yopanda maluwa. Mwachitsanzo, mbatata zomwe zimabzala "Masika" muzaka zouma zimakana kuphukira, ndipo chinyezi chabwinobwino chimazirala mwachangu kwambiri kotero kuti anthu ambiri samazindikira nthawi imeneyi.
Kodi zikumbutso za ku Colorado zimadya maluwa? Kunja, izi zikuwoneka - aliyense amene adalapo mbatata m'munda wawo wamnyumba akudziwa. Kuphatikiza pa kachilomboka ka mbatata ya Colorado, tizilombo tina, tomwe sitidziwika kwambiri, titha kuwononga mbatata. Mwambiri, zolengedwa izi sizimayambitsa zowonongeka zambiri, koma palibe phindu kuchokera kwa iwo. Zina mwaziphuphu ndi kachilomboka komanso mbatata za ladybug. Mbatata itayamba kuphuka, akuluwa kafadala amayamba kudya zipatso zake. Ngati kachilomboka kakang'ono kwambiri komanso kakang'ono kamapezeka pamaluwa, ndiye tizilombo tomwe tangotchulidwaku ndiomwe tidawonekera. Magulu akulu a kachilomboka amadya maluwa mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo maluwa omwewo sawonekera.
Kodi ndizosiyanasiyana ndikofunikira popanga ma peduncle? Pali mbatata za mitundu yoyambirira-yoyambirira. Zomera zawo zimapangidwa mwachangu kotero kuti zimadutsa matenda onse odziwika, okhwima chilimwe cha Mbatata ya Colorado, koma nthawi yomweyo alibe nthawi yophulika. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu "Roco", "Timo" kapena "Mariella". Kuchuluka kwa zokolola zawo kumapangitsa kuti anthu azilakalaka, koma kukula mbatata, ngati njira yopezera zomwe agulitsa poyambira, kukhwima koyambirira ndikofunika kwambiri. Mulimonsemo, mbatata zotere zingabzalidwe pamiyeso yaying'ono, zokhazo zokha ndikulandila mbatata zazing'ono pagome pawo. Polankhula ngati mbatata zikufunika kuphulika, munthu ayenera kudziwa kuti mitundu imasanjidwa kwambiri, yomwe maluwa amayambira pakati, komanso mitundu ndi mitundu yopanda maluwa. Mwachitsanzo, mbatata zomwe zimabzala "Masika" muzaka zouma zimakana kuphukira, ndipo chinyezi chabwinobwino chimazirala mwachangu kwambiri kotero kuti anthu ambiri samazindikira nthawi imeneyi.
Kodi zikumbutso za ku Colorado zimadya maluwa? Kunja, izi zikuwoneka - aliyense amene adalapo mbatata m'munda wawo wamnyumba akudziwa. Kuphatikiza pa kachilomboka ka mbatata ya Colorado, tizilombo tina, tomwe sitidziwika kwambiri, titha kuwononga mbatata. Mwambiri, zolengedwa izi sizimayambitsa zowonongeka zambiri, koma palibe phindu kuchokera kwa iwo. Zina mwaziphuphu ndi kachilomboka komanso mbatata za ladybug. Mbatata itayamba kuphuka, akuluwa kafadala amayamba kudya zipatso zake. Ngati kachilomboka kakang'ono kwambiri komanso kakang'ono kamapezeka pamaluwa, ndiye tizilombo tomwe tangotchulidwaku ndiomwe tidawonekera. Magulu akulu a kachilomboka amadya maluwa mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo maluwa omwewo sawonekera.Kodi nkhani yokhudza maluwa ndiyofunikira pakukula mbatata?
Zoti mbatata idaphuka nthawi ino kapena ayi sizikhudza chomera chilichonse. Komanso, mbatata zamaluwa sizingakhudze mapangidwe a msipu wobiriwira kapena kuthekera kwake kupanga ma tubers.
Njira zonse zomwe zimachitika mu duwa lokha - zimangofunika kwa zipatso za mbatata, ndiye kuti, zipatso zomwe zimapanga maluwa.
Tubers amapangidwa popanda kutenga nawo mbali njirazi; kwa iwo, alibe phindu. Sakufuna umuna. Chizindikiro chokha sichikhala mbewu chomera monga momwe mawu amafotokozera, ndi gawo lawolawo chabe.
Chifukwa chake, kuyankha funso lanu - chifukwa chiyani mbatata sizidaphuke, kumbukirani kuti mapangidwe a maluwa samakhudza zipatso mulimonse musanayambe kuchita mantha. Kusakhalapo kwathunthu kapena kutulutsa maluwa kumatha kudziwitsa nzika yachilimwe kuti pali chifukwa chofunikirachi. Khalani mbewu, tizilombo, kutentha kwambiri, chinyezi chochepa kapena kuchepa kwa nthaka. Pakakhala kuchepa kwa zokolola, zoyambitsa siziyenera kufunikira pakakhala maluwa.
