Jatropha chomera Kusamalira mbewu Kukula kwa maluwa Chithunzi cha maluwa

Jatropha (Jatropha) - chomera (herbaceous, shrub, mtengo), wa banja la Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbiaceae). Pali mitundu pafupifupi 170 ya jatropha. Imapezeka zachilengedwe munkhalango zotentha za America ndi Africa.

Dzinalo limapangidwa ndi mawu awiri achi Greek: jaliks - dokotala ndi tropha - chakudya, monga oimira ena amtundu wa mankhwala ali ndi mankhwala. Koma samalani: kwathunthu magawo onse azomera ali ndi poizoni. Madzi am'madzi otentha a Jatropha akakumana ndi khungu amatha kuyaka.

Momwe mungasankhire jatropha m'sitolo

M'masitolo ogulitsa maluwa, mbewuyi idakali yosowa, koma chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake akunja komanso kusasamala kwake, akuyamba kutchuka. Musanagule, yang'anirani mbewuzo kuti mupeze tizirombo, onetsetsani kuti zikuwoneka bwanji: siziyenera kukhala zopanda nzeru.

Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical

Tsinde lili ndi botolo, lopindika, limafikira kutalika kwa 0.5 m mukadzala m'nyumba. Chomera chowola: M'nyengo yozizira yonse, tsinde limayimirira maliseche. Mu April, maluwa amabwera, omwe ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono omwe amasonkhanitsidwa maambule inflorescence.

Maluwa amatha kupitilira nthawi yophukira. Mtundu wowala: lalanje, pinki yakuda, burgundy. Maluwa okongola. Kupukutidwa kwa mapiko ndikofunikira kuti zipatso zitheke. Chipatsochi ndi chachikulu, chotalika pafupifupi 2,5 cm, chimangokhala ndi njere zowongoka zokha ziwiri zokha. Pafupi ndi chilimwe, masamba a mawonekedwe mawonekedwe a kanjedza adzayamba kuwoneka, utoto - mithunzi yonse yobiriwira.

Momwe mungasamalire jatropha kunyumba

Chithunzi cha jatropha gouty kunyumba

Kutentha kwa mpweya

Mtengo wa jatropha umayenera kupatsidwa kutentha kwa 18-25 ° C nthawi yotentha. Ndi nyengo yozizira, igwetsere mpaka 10-15 ° C, koma mtengo umatha kutengera kutentha kwa chipinda nthawi yachisanu.

Onetsetsani kuti mwateteza pazokonzekera!

Kuwala

Mtengowu ufunika kuunikiridwa kowala, koma jatropha kwenikweni samavomera kuwunika mwachindunji. Kumbukirani kuti muyenera kuzolowera kuunikira pang'onopang'ono: ngati zimatha kugula, kusintha kwa nyengo, kapena kusintha kwa nyengo yamadzuwa ndi dzuwa. Malo abwino kwambiri ndi mawindo akum'mawa ndi kumadzulo.

Momwe mungamwere

Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, kuthirira moyenera kumafunikira: pakati pa njira zake, nthaka ya pamwamba ndiyowuma. Osaloleza kuthilira kwamadzi m'nthaka kukuwunda ndi kuwonongeka kwa mbewu. Chifukwa cha madzi omwe amapezeka pansi pa thunthu, jatropha imatha kupirira chilala kwakanthawi. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kwathunthu. Yambitsaninso koyambirira kwa maluwa.

Palibe chifukwa chokhalira chinyezi chachikulu. Nthawi zina mutha kupukuta masamba ndi dothi komanso chinkhupule chonyowa.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Panthawi yogwira (kasupe-nthawi yophukira), feteleza kuchokera ku michere yovuta ya cacti ndi ma suppulents amayenera kuperekedwa pamwezi.

Kupatsirana kwa Jatropha: pafupipafupi, nthaka, kuthekera

• Ndikokwanira kusuntha mbewu 1 nthawi iliyonse zaka zitatu. Chitani ichi kasupe kapena chilimwe.
• Kukula kwake sikofunikira, koma kwakukulu, khola (ganizirani kutalika ndi kulemera kwa "botolo").
• Gwiritsani ntchito njira yodutsa ndikusunga matope pansi.

Pansi pake, ikani miyala yokhala ndi miyala yaying'ono, dongo yokulirapo, shards zadongo, lokhalapo pafupifupi 1/3 ya mphikawo. Mutabzala, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulch nthaka ndi zinthu zofanana.

Dothi lifunika kuwala, ndi madzi abwino komanso mpweya wabwino. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lapansi lopangidwa ndi cacti ndi ma suppulents. Ngati ndi kotheka, konzani dothi losakanikirana ndi pepala, ma turf, peat, mchenga malinga ndi 2: 1: 1: 1.

Jatropha kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba

Chithunzi cha mbewu ya Jatropha

Kufalitsa kwa Jatropha kumachitika ndi mbeu ndi kudula.

Mbewu zimataya kumera, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuzifesa m'miyezi ingapo itakhwacha.

• Kusakaniza kwa dothi: mulingo wofanana mchenga, peat, tsamba ndi nthaka ya sod.
• Bzalani mbeu imodzi imodzi kapu yakuya masentimita 5-1, inyowetsani nthaka, kuphimba mbewuzo ndi filimu kapena galasi.

Chithunzi cha mmera wa Jatropha

• Sungani kutentha kwa mpweya pa 25 ° C, polowetsani mpweya wobiriwira, utsi nthaka. Njira ya kumera imatenga milungu iwiri.
• Ngati zibzalidwe mchidebe chimodzi, timaphukira tating'ono timene timakhala ndi masamba enieni awiri tiyenera kubzala m'miyala yosiyana. Amakula msanga.

Jatropha kuchokera ku mbewu mbande

• Pakupita miyezi ingapo, korona adzawoneka, monga zazomera zazomera, koma masamba azunguliridwa.
• Pakupita kwa zaka 2, adzapeza mawonekedwe. Thunthu lake limayamba kunenepa pang'onopang'ono.

Kufalikira kwa Jatropha ndi odulidwa

Kufalikira kwa Jatropha ndi zithunzi zodula

• Pakuzika mizu, kudula apical 8-12 masentimita agwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Ayenera kukhala owuma mpaka madzi atha kutuluka.
• Kenako gwiritsani ntchito zodulidwa zodula ndi chopukutira chokulira (kumiza m'madzi ndi muzu wothandizira).
• Bzalani mu chisakanizo cha humus, mchenga ndi sod pamtunda wofanana.

Muzu wa chithunzi cha jatropha

• Onetsetsani kuti mwaphimba ndi chivundikiro chowonekera (galasi kapena wokutira pulasitiki), sungani kutentha kwa mpweya pa 30 ° C.
• Mizu imatenga pafupifupi mwezi.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Zolakwika mu chisamaliro ndi zotsatira zake

Jatropha samakhudzidwa konse ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toopsa, koma zovuta zimakhalapo pochoka kunyumba. Samalani mukathirira: pewani kubweretsa ng'ombe pamtengo, osadzaza dothi, chifukwa kutembenuka kwa tsinde kumayambitsa kufa kwa mbewu. Kuchulukitsa kwa chinyezi kumayambitsa kukoka kwa inflorescence, kugwa kwa masamba, kuwonongeka kwa tsinde ndipo, pomaliza pake, chomera.

• Kutentha kochepa kwambiri kumayambitsa chikaso ndi kugwa kwamasamba.
• Kuchokera kuthirira ndi madzi ozizira, masamba discolor, kuguluka.
• Wonjezerani ndi kuvala kwapamwamba - kukula kwake kumachepetsa.

Tizilombo Tizilombo vya Jatropha:

1. Spider mite (masamba ayamba kutembenukira chikasu, kugwa, amatha kuwoneka pamimba ya kangaude);
2. Whitefly (kumbuyo kwa tsamba mungathe kuwona tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tili ndi mapiko, kumtunda kwa tsamba lakutidwa ndi madontho oyera);
3. Kutupa (kumapangitsa kuti pakhale maluwa komanso kugwa kwamaluwa).

Ngati tizirombo tapezeka, ndikofunikira kuti muzitsuka ndikutsuka ndikusamba ndi mankhwala.

Mitundu ya jatropha yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Gout Jatropha Jatropha podagrica

Gout Jatropha Jatropha podagrica

Kuchokera ku America. Mawonekedwe a tsinde amafanana ndi amphora: maziko ndi ozungulira, mulifupi, khosi. Kutalika pamodzi ndi peduncle pafupifupi mita imodzi. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono a coral red hue amasonkhana maambulela inflorescence. Kukula kwa ma peduncles kumakhala kosakwiya, kufikira atakhala ofanana kutalika kwa masamba, ndiye kukongola kwawo kuwululidwa kwathunthu. Maluwa amakhala mwezi. Mabale a masamba, okhala ndi ma loboti 5 okhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira ndi maupangiri ataliitali, ndi mainchesi 18. Masamba achidule amapaka utoto wobiriwira wopepuka, wowala. Akamakula, amakhala ndimdima wakuda komanso wosakwiya. Kumbuyo kwa tsamba lamasamba ndi petiole kumakhala kwamtendere.

Jatropha anasiya kapena nthambi ya Jatropha multifida

Jatropha watulutsa kapena chithunzi cha Jatropha multifida

Malo okhala zachilengedwe ndi Mexico, Brazil, mzere wapakati wa America. Kutalika kwa tsinde kumafika mpaka 3 mita. Masamba azitsamba amagawidwa m'minda 11. Ali ndi utoto wofiirira wobiriwira wokhala ndi mitsempha ya mthunzi wopepuka. Kunja, mbewuyo imawoneka ngati kanjedza. Pamwamba pa korona pali mapesi a maluwa okhala ndi ma coral akuda amitundu omwe amatengedwa mu maambulela inflorescence.

Jatropha Berlandieri Jatropha Berlandieri kapena Jatropha cathartica Jatropha cathartica

Chithunzi cha Jatropha Berlandieri Jatropha berlandieri chithunzi

Oyambirira ochokera ku Mexico. Dawo lam'munsi mwa tsinde limatha kufika 15 cm 20. Mwachilengedwe, gawo ili la tsinde limabisidwa pansi pa dothi, ndipo mikhalidwe yachipinda imakwera pamwamba pake. Kutalika kwa tsinde ndi pafupifupi masentimita 30. Masamba a masamba opindika, ali ndi mbali zokutira, utoto wakuda ndi utoto wonyezimira. Ma inflorescences ndi ambulera, omasuka. Utoto wa maluwawo ndi ofiira ofiira, ofiira akuda. Gawo lam'munsi la tsinde limakhala lotalika masentimita 20. Masamba okhala ndi masamba asanu amalumikizidwa ndi petioles kutalika kwa 30 cm. Maluwa a pinki kapena ofiira ofiira amatengedwa mu inflorescence lotayirira.

Jatropha kurkas kapena Barbados walnut Jatropha curcas

Jatropha kurkas kapena Barbados walnut Jatropha curcas chithunzi

Maso osowa. Chitsamba chili ndi masamba owundana okhala ndi malangizo; mtundu wake ndiwobiliwira. Maluwa ake ndi achikasu owoneka bwino. Maluwa aimuna amakula payekha, ndipo maluwa achikazi amakumana mumambule inflorescence.

Jatropha lonse Jatropha integerrima

Jatropha lonse Jatropha integerrima chithunzi

Shrub ofikira mpaka 4 m kutalika (zachilengedwe). Bzalani ndi masamba ozungulira. Ma inflorescence ndi mtundu wa maluwa, maluwa owoneka ngati nyenyezi amapakidwa utoto wakuda, burgundy.