Kukongoletsa kokongola ku Australia kumadziwika kuti ndi chikhalidwe chachilendo masiku ano. Zomera zosachepera, kapena masamba owala, kapena zipatso zachilendo sizinabwezeretse chomera chomwe chinali chotchuka m'ndandanda wazabwino kwambiri. Koma malinga ndi kuthekera kwawo kupirira osati kuwunikira kowala kwambiri ndikukongoletsa zipinda za deeringia zomwe sizoyenera kwambiri kukula kwa mbewu, samadziwa kuti ndiofanana. Ichi ndi chomera chosalemekeza komanso cholimba, chofunikira kuyang'ana.
Amaranthine deerginia (Deeringia amaranthoides) kapena mabulosi okhala ndi deerginia (Deeringia baccata).
Osakonda mwambo liana
Deuringia ndi imodzi mwazinthu "zovuta" kwambiri panyumba. Atangolowa ku Europe, idatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yolimbikitsa kwambiri, ndi chikhalidwe choyenera kufufuza mbewu ndi kufalikira kwake. Koma masiku ano deringia ndilofala kwambiri m'ndandanda wazowongolera kuposa mashelufu kapena m'makalata. Ndipo izi sizowona kwathunthu: kukongola kosalekeza kosadabwitsa kumatha kudabwitsidwa ndi zipatso zachilendo, ndi masamba owala, komanso kusankha kukula. Ndipo udzu, zopepuka ndi zobiriwira zimasiyanitsa bwino ndi mipesa yambiri yamkati ndi zitsamba.
Pali zokambirana zambiri ndi mayina a deringia. Tili ndi chomera m'mabuku ndi m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa ngati "deerginia", ngakhale dzina la botanical la chomera ndi deeringia. Mayina onsewa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma syonyms, ngakhale kusokonezeka ndi kapangidwe ka ma syllabe kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cholakwitsa sipakalezi koyambirira.
Deeringia muchipinda chikhalidwe amayimiriridwa ndi amodzi amtundu umodzi - amarantoids (Deeringia amaranthoides, dzina lodziwika kale mabulosi obala (Deeringia baccata,, zomwe zikuwonetsera poyera za chomera). Woimira banja la Amaranth ndiwotsika kwambiri potchuka ndi mbewu zomwe zimakonda kwambiri, koma amatha kudzitamandira pakukongoletsa kwapadera. Deuringiae ndi mitundu ya ku Australia yopezeka kumapiri nyengo yopanda kutentha komanso osataya "zizolowezi" zawo ndi kukula kwa chikhalidwe cham'nyumba.
Ichi ndi chitsamba chobiriwira nthawi zonse ndi mphukira zoonda, zomwe zimatha kuyesedwa ngati mipesa yaying'ono kapena ma semi. Nthambi zanthete komanso zosinthika, zotheka kutalika mpaka 6 m mchirengedwe, ndipo ndizocheperako mpaka mita 1-2 m'chipinda, zimapanga korona wosalala, wobisalira pansi pamasamba ang'onoang'ono okwana owongoka ndi nsonga yolunjika. Kutalika kwa masamba sikudutsa 4 cm, m'mphepete ndikokhazikika. Deeringia amadziwika ndi mtundu wokongola kwambiri wamtambo wobiriwira wobiriwira. Pogulitsa, kukongola kwa mabulosiwa kumapezeka mu mawonekedwe a mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mzere woyera pamasamba umangotsimikizira kukongola kwapadera kwa msipu. Mawonekedwe a matte masamba amakhala osasinthika pamitundu yonse yokongoletsera ndi maziko ake, ndikuwupatsa mphamvu. Masamba ndi opyapyala komanso opepuka, okhala ndi mitsempha yotuwa, mwatsopano komanso "maudzu" mawonekedwe.
Ndizovuta kutcha deeringia pachimake chowoneka bwino; chimangotulutsa zipatso zowala, koma mizere ya inflorescence ndi yokongola kwambiri. Ma inflorescence okhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati mbewa amakhala osakanikirana ndi magawo awiri a 2-5, kuwerama molawoneka bwino, ngati timabowo kapena njoka, perekani chithunzi chonse. Maluwa aku Deeringia akuwoneka kuti akuwonekera posachedwa, akumapatsa "timitengo" ta inflorescence bwino. Mtundu wobiriwira, kuphatikiza ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa a inflorescence a maluwa pazithunzi zazifupi kwambiri kumakopa chidwi cha okongola. Koma deeringia imafika pachimake pakukongoletsa pamene maluwa asinthidwa ndi zipatso zofiira. Mu burashi lotayirira, zipatsozo zimawoneka zokongola, zowala ngati mikanda pazodzikongoletsera zamtengo wapatali. Kunja, chonde chimatikumbutsa za ma currants ofiira komanso khofi.
Deyeringia - mbewu yowoneka bwino komanso yatsopano. Imathandizira makonda odziwika bwino kwambiri mkati, amabweretsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pakukula kwake konse, mtengo wazipatso uwu umawoneka ngati chozizwitsa komanso chosangalatsa mkati. Deyringiya amalimbana bwino ndi ntchito yopanga zotsatira za kumira mumtchire, osapotoza danga. Kutha kupanga kumakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito chomera muzipinda za kukula kulikonse. Popanda kudulira kapena kuwongolera, chomera chimatha kuwululidwa kuchokera pansi, thunthu limakulirakulira, motero, limadzuka. Deuringia amataya mawonekedwe awo komanso kukopa ndi zaka. Ngati chomeracho chikuwoneka chosalala kapena chonyalanyaza, ndibwino kuyesa kubwezeretsanso chitsamba ndi kudulira kakhadinali, kapena kusintha akalewo kukhala okhawo odulidwa.
Amaranthine deerginia (Deeringia amaranthoides) kapena mabulosi okhala ndi deerginia (Deeringia baccata).
Samalirani kudumphira nyumba
Mawonedwe owoneka bwino akuwonetsera kuphweka kusiya: deeringia ndi wosakhazikika komanso wolimba liana, koma pamafunika njira mwadongosolo komanso kosangalatsa kwambiri chisamaliro. Ndikofunikira kuti iye azipatsa nyengo yozizira yozizira. Koma kwa ena onse, deeringia, ngati angapezeke, akhoza kulimbikitsidwa ngakhale kwa oyambitsa m'maluwa.
Kuyatsa kwa deringia
Deyeringia mabulosi obiriwira ndi mtengo wololera mthunzi. Imabala zipatso zowala bwino pakuwala kowala koma kosakanikirana, komanso imalolera kuthunzi. Mthunzi wolimba umakhudza mphukira, umayambitsa kutambalala ndi kufinya, koma mumtunda wocheperako komanso pang'ono mkati mwazenera, mbewuyo imakula popanda kuwonongeka kokongoletsa. M'nyengo yozizira, kuunika kwakukulu kuli bwino kuwonjezera. Pofuna kuti musataye chidwi ndi masamba ndi kupewa kutambasula mphukira, ndibwino kukonzanso deergy m'malo opepuka. Chomera chimatha kuwunikiridwa, koma popeza deerginia siili wa chikhalidwe chazithunzi kwambiri, nthawi zambiri safunika kuchita izi.
Kutentha kosangalatsa
Amarantoidea deringia imalekerera bwino kutentha. Imakula nthawi zonse mu malo ochereza komanso m'zipinda zozizira, ndipo saopa kuzizira kapena kutentha kwakanthawi. Mu nthawi yamasika ndi chilimwe, mmera udzaulula zokongoletsera zake ngakhale utasungidwa pa madigiri 18 mpaka 25, komanso pamlingo wokwera. M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi yovundikira, ngati deeringia sanakulidwe chifukwa cha zipatso zochulukirapo, palibe chifukwa chomera kupangira nyengo zapadera. Chitsamba chimakhala chobiriwira bwino kutentha komanso kutentha. Ngati mukufuna kuwonetsa kukongola konse kwa tchire, kukwaniritsa maluwa ambiri ndikupanga zipatso, ndiye kuti nyengo yachisanu ndi bwinonso kupereka bwino zomwe zili ndi kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 15. Chachikulu ndikuti matenthedwe satsika madigiri 13 (madigiri 14-15 a deering siowopsa).
Kuyika, ngati mukufuna, nthawi yotentha, kungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati dimba la mphika wamunda, ngakhale wobzala m'mitundu yosakanikirana. M'mundamo, mbewuyo imayenera kutetezedwa kuti isachepetse kutentha mpaka madigiri 10, ndikuibweretsa ku malo osangalatsa. Deerginia amakhalanso ndi chidwi pamakhonde. Nthawi iliyonse pachaka, ngakhale nthawi yozizira, ndikofunikira kuti chomera chizipeza mpweya wabwino, mpweya wabwino wokhazikika. Kuchita sikumawopa kukonzekera.
Kukula ndikuthirira komanso chinyezi cha mpweya
Okondedwa amafunika kusamalira mosamala, mofatsa. Zomera zimazindikira kunyowa, kusayenda kwamadzi m'munsi mwa dothi, chifukwa chake, madziwo atathiridwa, madzi amathiridwa pomwepo, ndipo kuthilira komweku sikunapangidwe kambiri, koma pafupipafupi. Mtengowo suwopa chilala, koma kuyanika kwa nthawi yayitali kapena dothi kumatha kudzetsa masamba, kukhumudwa, komanso kutaya kukongoletsa. Chifukwa chake, deeringia iyenera kuperekedwa nthawi zonse kuthirira ndi kayendetsedwe ka kuyanika kwa nthaka, chinyezi chowala nthawi zonse. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kuyanika kwa gawo lapansi, kumachepetsa pang'ono chinyezi poyerekeza ndi nyengo yachilimwe. Kukwera kutentha kwa mpweya, nthawi zambiri mumafunikira kuthirira mbewuyo. Ngati deringia itengedwa kupita kumweya watsopano, ndiye kuti imafunikira kuthirira kwambiri.
Pachifukwa ichi, mbewu zimagwiritsa ntchito madzi oyimilira, kuthirira limodzi ndi mpweya wamkati.
Deeringia imalekerera ngakhale kutentha kotentha kwambiri. Koma malangizowo atapitilira madigiri 23-24, chifukwa chomera muyenera kuyamba kupopera mbewu mankhwalawo. Zochita zina zowonjezera zimathandizira kulimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri ndi mpweya wouma pakugwiritsira ntchito magetsi. Kukhazikitsa kwa humidifiers sikofunikira.
Ndikofunika kuti nthawi zonse muziyeretsa masamba a mbewu kuchokera kufumbi. Ndi pafupipafupi pafupifupi pamwezi amakhala akusamba kapena kutsuka (koma osati pamaluwa ndi maluwa, kuyeretsa kumachitika bwino kwambiri). Pobowola, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zothandizira kupangira masamba.
Amaranthine deerginia (Deeringia amaranthoides) kapena mabulosi okhala ndi deerginia (Deeringia baccata).
Kudyetsa deringia
Feteleza za chomerachi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi. Kudyetsa kowonjezereka kukufunika kwa deringia kokha munthawi yogwira ntchito, kuyambira March mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala, pafupipafupi pafupifupi nthawi 1 m'masabata awiri. Ndikofunikira kusiya ndikuyambiranso kuvala kwapamwamba pang'onopang'ono, mwina pang'onopang'ono ndikukula ndikuchepetsa pafupipafupi njira, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wosachepera wokhala ndi pafupipafupi.
Pa deringia, amagwiritsa ntchito feteleza zovuta - zosakanikirana za feteleza ponseponse, popeza ma macroelements onse atatu ndi ofunika chimodzimodzi ndipo amafunikira kufanana.
Kuchepetsa ndikusintha mapangidwe
Deyeringia yokhala ndi mphukira zake zopyapyala imatha kukula ngati theka la mpesa pamathandizo, komanso ngati chomera chofalikira chomata. Nthawi zambiri, kutalika kwa mita 1 kukafikika, chomera chimataya mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe ndi kukongoletsa, chifukwa chake ngati sichinakonzedwe kumangirira mphukira kuthandizira, kudulira ndi kuwongolera kutsina kuyenera kuyambitsidwa mu pulogalamu yosamalira. Deerginia imabwezeretseka polumikiza nsonga za nthambi zazing'ono munthawi yonse ya kukula. Kufufuza kuti mupange mawonekedwe omveka bwino komanso yolondola kumachitika mu nthawi ya masika, ndikasinthika.
Thirani ndi gawo lapansi
Deyringia nthawi zambiri amakula mwachangu ndipo kwa mbewu zaka zoyambilira zimasinthidwa pachaka. Muziwawononga kumapeto kwa mwezi wa February kapena Marichi, ndikuwonekera kwa zizindikiro zoyambira kukula. Akuluakulu ndi akulu akumwetulira okha ndi omwe amawayika ndi pafupipafupi nthawi 1 m'mzaka ziwiri, koma kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, njira yothandizira gawo lina la gawo lapansi m'miphika imachitidwa pachaka.
Deuringia ili ndi mizu yamphamvu. Chomera chokha, ngakhale chikuwoneka mopepuka, chimafuna kusankha kwakukulu, ndi kutalika pang'ono kuposa kupingasa, muli khola. Chithandizocho chimayikidwa mbewuyo isanaikidwe.
Deisingia ikhoza kubzalidwa munthaka iliyonse yamtundu uliwonse. Kuphatikizika kwapadziko lonse lapansi ndi magawo azinthu zokongoletsera zachilengedwe zabwino ndizoyenera kwa iye. Chachikulu ndichakuti dothi lotayirira, lopatsa thanzi komanso lofunikira. Gawo lokhala ndi mbewuyo litha kukonzedwanso mosakanikirana ndi kusakaniza dothi ndi mchenga, peat ndi masamba amtundu muyeso wa 2: 1: 1: 1.
Poika mbewu, ndibwino kuti musawononge zikuluzikulu zikuluzikulu, kuchotsera gawo laulere lokha ndi loyipitsidwa. Chomera chimasinthidwa, kusungitsa mulingo wofananira. Pansi pa miphika ya deeringia, pamafunika malo ambiri okwanira.
Amaranth deerginia (Deeringia amaranthoides) kapena mabulosi onyamula zipatso (Deeringia baccata)Kuthetsa matenda ndi tizirombo
Deeringia imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazomera zokhazikika m'nyumba, chisamaliro chokhazikika, sichimawopa tizirombo kapena matenda. Kuchepa ndi kusefukira kutembenukira pakufalikira kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zowola. Ngati nyengo yotentha ili mmera youma, ndiye kuti pali zovuta ndi mbewa, nsabwe, tizilombo tambiri, mealybugs. Ndikwabwino kuthana ndi mavuto nthawi yomweyo ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo kapena fungicides, kuphatikiza chithandizo chomera chokhachokha ndikakonza chisamaliro kapena zinthu zina.
Mavuto wamba pakukula kwa deeringia:
- kutambasula mphukira m'munsi;
- masamba oponya pansi pa hypothermia;
- maonekedwe owopsa, otupa, osenda masamba m'kutentha;
- chikasu, mawanga pamasamba ndi kuthirira kosayenera.
- kufukiza masamba osakwanira;
- kusowa kwamaluwa ndi nyengo yachisanu yosayenera komanso kudyetsa kosayenera.
Kufalikira kwa deringia
Zomera zamabulosi ndizosavuta kufalitsa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamasamba.
Panja ntchito imodzi yokha, njira yayikulu komanso yopindulitsa kwambiri yoberekera - zodula. Onse awiri tsinde ndi apical odulidwa, akagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mphamvu zokuthira pansi pa kapu, mizu pasanathe milungu ingapo. Zidula zimadulidwa munthawi yogwira ntchito, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mphukira zotsalira mukadula. Zodulidwa, ndimagawo okhawo omwe amaphukira ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu a masamba, omwe amachepetsa. Pakukoka, mizu imachitika mu gawo lapansi kapena gawo la mchenga. Kutentha osasunthika kuyambira madigiri 20 mpaka 23 Celsius komanso chinyezi chokhazikika cha gawo lapansi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Zodulidwa mizu zimabzala zonse nthawi imodzi komanso m'magulu ang'onoang'ono kuti tipeze zitsamba zambiri zophika kuti zitheke kukongola.
