Mitundu ya maluwa chitao (Catasetum) amayimiriridwa ndi epiphytes. Amaphatikiza mitundu pafupifupi 150 ya mbewu. Amatha kupezeka zachilengedwe ku South ndi Central America. Nthawi zambiri, mbewu zotere zimapezeka ku Brazil.
Chomera chimadziwika ndi chikhalidwe chokomera kukula. Imakhala ndi chifupizifupi (mphukira zokwawa), pomwe imakanikizidwa pansi, ndichifukwa chake ma pseudobulbs ang'onoang'ono amakula pafupi ndi akale. Masamba obiriwira opindika timafanana tofanana ndi ndudu zobiriwira, zomwe zili ndi malekezero ake. M'mitundu yokhala ndi kukula kwakukulu, ma pseudobulbs okhwima amafika kutalika kwa 20 centimeter, ndi main sentimita 7. Ma pseudobulbs achichepere, omwe sanasinthebe ndi zaka 1, ali ndi masamba, ndipo akulu ndi amaliseche kwathunthu. Pali masamba ambiri achikazi, nthawi zambiri kuyambira 3 mpaka 7 awiri. Gawo lomwe lili pansi pa pepalalo ndi pepalalo, ndipo limakhala ngati wokutira. Chifukwa chake, tsamba limamwalira ndi kuwuma, minofu iyi imakhalabe pamtunda wa pseudobulb, ndipo silimalola chinyezi chophatikizika kutulutsa mofulumira kwambiri. Masamba ofiira achikuda amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owongoka pomwe ali ndi malo owonekera kowonekera. Kutalika, amafikira 20 mpaka 30 cm.
Mitundu ya maluwa amenewa imadziwika kwambiri ndi ena onse chifukwa imakhala ndi maluwa. Maluwa, omwe ndi achimuna, ali ndi kukula okulirapo (mainchesi 10 mpaka 12 sentimita), ndi ovuta komanso utoto wa utoto wokhazikika, ndilokulirapo pa peduncle. Maluwa achikazi si akulu kwambiri ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe osavuta. Mitundu yambiri imakhala ndi maluwa achimuna (otembenukira pansi), ndipo mlomo waukulu, womwe umakulungika mu chosungiramo kapena wokhala ndi uta womata, umapachika maluwa. Mafuta am'madzimo (ma petals) ndi manda (manda) okhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena apakatikati. Chidutswachi chili ndi zilembo zingapo. Maluwa onse achikazi ndi "olondola", milomo yawo imawoneka ngati chisoti, ndipo mzerewo suutali komanso woonda ngati maluwa amphongo.
Katatinum orchid care kunyumba
Mitundu yambiri yamaluwa oterewa imalimbikitsidwa kuti ibzalidwe mu orchidarium kapena mu greenhouse. Ndipo pali mitundu yomwe singathe kukula nthawi zonse mchipinda, imagwera kumalo osazolowereka, imafa mwachangu.
Mitundu yotentha
Chomera choterocho chimafunikira boma lotentha lotentha, pomwe ndikofunikira kuti iye azitsimikizira kusiyanasiyana ndi kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Chifukwa chake, Catasetum imakula ndikukula nthawi zonse kutentha kwamasana 29 degrees, ndipo usiku - madigiri 21-24.
Ngati akufuna, duwa limatha kusinthidwa kupita kumsewu. Ali komweko amatha kukhala kuchokera pakati pa Meyi mpaka pakati pa Seputembala. Munda kapena khonde ndichabwino kwa izi. Potere, kusiyana kofunikira mu kutentha kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kumakhala kwachilengedwe.
Kuwala
Duwa limasowa kuunikira kowala pachaka chonse, koma nthawi yomweyo liyenera kusokonezedwa. Alimi odziwa bwino maluwa amalimbikitsa kuyika maluwa oterewa pansi pa phytolamp yamphamvu, potero kuyatsa m'malo mwa kuyatsa kwachilengedwe. Masana masana ayenera kukhala ndi nthawi ya maola 10.
Zomera zokhala ndi masamba opangidwa ndi masamba, komanso zamaluwa zamaluwa, ziyenera kuyikidwa m'malo otetezedwa kuti asayang'anire dzuwa pakakhala kunja. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kuwotcha kumatha kuwonekera pamaluwa, komanso masamba owoneka bwino. Komabe, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti kuyika tchatiyo pamalo otetezeka kwambiri sikulimbikitsidwa.
Kusakaniza kwadothi
Pakukula, mabatani ndi miphika amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kudzaza mphika, gawo limodzi limagwiritsidwa ntchito, lokhala ndi pine bark lachigawo chachikulu, chochepa cha sphagnum ndi makala.
Khungwa lalikulu la paini limakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chipika. Pamaso pake, mizu ndi nthangala za mtengowo ndizokhazikika, pomwe kale zinali zokutira ndi mbewa.
Momwe mungamwere
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti pakati pa kuthirira makungwa ayenera kupukutidwa. Duwa limalimbikitsidwa kuthiriridwa osati mwachizolowezi, koma pomiza chipika kapena mumphika mu beseni lodzaza ndi madzi. Muyenera kudikirira mpaka khungwa ndi mizu yake ladzadza ndi madzi, kenako ndikuchotsa duwa pamadzi. Madzi akachuluka, madziwo amayambiranso pomwe amakhala.
Pofuna kulimbikitsa maluwa, orchidists omwe ali ndi chidwi chambiri amalangizidwa kuti azisamba posamba ndi madzi othirira kapena kumiza duwa kwathunthu pamadzi, lomwe liyenera kukonzedwa mpaka madigiri 35.
Chinyezi
Zomera zoterezi zimakumana ndi mavuto amchere ochepa. Chinyontho chachikulu cha duwa ili 70-80 peresenti. Kuti muwonjezere chinyezi pamlingo womwe mukufunikira, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa okhala ndi nyumba kapena opanga magesi. Ngati catacetum yakula mu orchidarium, ndiye muyenera kukumbukira kuti mpweya wosaphika ungayambitse kuwoneka kwa matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Pankhaniyi, pofuna kupewa, mpweya wabwino umalimbikitsa.
Nthawi yopumula
Nthawi yonse ya maluwa amenewa imayamba pakati pa Novembala. Chowonadi ndi chakuti nthawi ino kumadera komwe amachokera, nthawi yozizira komanso yovuta imayamba. Kutentha kwa mpweya panthawiyi kuyenera kukhala kuyambira madigiri 18 mpaka 20, pomwe kuthirira kuyenera kuyimitsidwa kwathunthu, koma kuwunikira kuyenera kusiyidwa pamlingo womwewo. Ngati ma pseudobulbs atakulungidwa mwamphamvu kwambiri, ndiye kuti amawasamalira ali athanzi, gawo lapansi liyenera kutsanulidwa mwadongosolo, koma pang'ono pokha. Kutsirira kumayamba mokwanira pambuyo pseudobulbs achinyamata akaonekera, komanso mizu yoyamba.
Mukasiya nthawi yokhala matalala, chomera chimaphukira bwino, ndipo kwakanthawi, maluwa atha kusiya.
Zinthu Zogulitsa
Kuika kumachitika kamodzi pachaka. Chowonadi ndi chakuti nthawi yopanda matalala, mizu ina imafa pamtanda, yomwe sikuti imangoyipitsa gawo lapansi, komanso imayambitsa mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a bowa ndi mabakiteriya. Ndikofunikira kufalitsa kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yomwe ikukula, panthawi yomwe mizu yatsopano ikukula kwambiri ana a pseudobulbs.
Feteleza
Amadyetsa 1 nthawi pa sabata. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wovuta wa ma orchid, pomwe mulingo uyenera kuyang'anidwa phukusi. Feteleza nthawi zambiri limasungunuka m'madzi kuti azinyowa kuchokera ku sprayer kapena kuthirira.
Panthawi yopanda duwa, duwa silikhala la umuna.
Njira zolerera
Ikakula m'nyumba, katasetum imatha kufalitsidwa ndikugawa rhizome yake, yomwe imayenera kukulira, ndikugawa. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti gawo lililonse liyenera kukhala ndi ma pseudobulbs osachepera atatu.
Pansi pa mafakitini, izi zimagwidwa ndi mbeu komanso modistemally.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Masamba ang'onoang'ono, kangaude nthawi zambiri amakhala. Ngati tizilombo totere tapezeka, duwa liyenera kusamba (ofunda 45), pomwe masamba ayenera kutsukidwa bwino. Ngati pakufunika izi, njirayi iyenera kubwerezedwa.
Zotheka kuti catasetum siyipatsidwe mikhalidwe yoyenera, itha kusiya maluwa, kukula kwa ma pseudobulbs atsopano, ndipo nthawi zina imafa kwathunthu.
