Ficus Woyera ndi fikolo wachipembedzo (Ficus Religiousiosa) ndi mtengo wotsatira kapena wokakamira wa mtundu wina monga ficus ndi banja la mabulosi (Moraceae). Mwachilengedwe, amapezeka kumwera chakumadzulo kwa China, ku Sri Lanka, Burma, India, Nepal, komanso kumadera a Indochina.
Mtengowu ndi wamphamvu kwambiri ndipo kuthengo umatha kutalika mpaka 30 metres. Ili ndi nthambi zamphamvu, korona wamkulu komanso masamba owoneka bwino achikuda mulifupi wamkulu. Masamba osavuta m'litali amatha kufika masentimita 20, m'mphepete mwake ndi owongoka komanso pang'ono. Pansi pake pamakhala mtima wambiri, ndipo pamwamba pake ndikutali kwambiri, kutalitali ndikakhala "mchira" woonda. Masamba osalala obiriwira amakhala amtambo wonyezimira komanso wotuwa. Masamba omwe amapezeka nthawi zonse amakhala ndi petioles, kutalika kwake ndikofanana ndi kutalika kwa tsamba la masamba palokha.
Ma inflorescences ndi axillary ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe a Siconia yaying'ono, yosalala, yopangidwanso. Amakhala obiriwira achikuda, omwe patapita nthawi amasintha kukhala amtundu wakuda. Simungathe kuzidya.
Nthawi zambiri, ficus yopatulika imayamba kukula, ngati epiphyte. Amatha kukhazikika pachingalinga cha nyumbayo kapena panthambi za mitengo. Kenako amatenga mizu yayitali kwambiri ya mlengalenga yomwe imakhamukira padziko lapansi. Akakwanitsa kuzipeza, amazika mizu ndikusandulika thunthu lolimba, lomwe limakhala chomera. Zikuchitika kuti ndikakukula kwa thunthu limakhala ngati mtengo wa banyan.
Komanso, mtunduwu umawonetsa chidwi chake. Ngati chinyezi ndichokwera kwambiri, ndiye kuti madontho ochepa a fomu yamadzi kumapeto kwa masamba. Vutoli limatchedwa kuti m'matumbo. Mutha kuwona kuti fikesi "akulira."
Chomerachi chidalandira dzina lake lenileni chifukwa choti Abuddha amachiwona kuti ndi chopatulika. Pali nthano ina yomwe imati kukhala pansi pa chomera ichi Siddhartha Gautama adakwanitsa kumvetsetsa ndikupanga Buddha. Kwa zaka mazana ambiri, fikayi yotereyi idabzalidwa pafupi ndi akachisi Achibuda, ndipo maulendo amakhomabe zovala zopota m'mitengo yake.
Ficus chisamaliro chopatulika kunyumba
Ficus yopatulika ndiosavuta kumera m'nyumba, popeza siosangalatsa komanso yopanda pake. Komabe, kuti mbewuyo ikhale yolimba komanso yathanzi, muyenera kudziwa malamulo osavuta osamalira.
Kuwala
Imakula bwino m'kuwala kowala koma kosakanikirana, koma imakhala momasuka pamalo otetezeka pang'ono. Mulingo woyenera wowunikira ndi 2600-3000 lux. Ficus ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ayikidwe pafupi ndi zenera lakumadzulo kapena kummawa.
Ngati mbewuyo ilibe kuwala, masamba amatha kugwa.
Mitundu yotentha
Amakonda mwachikondi. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yotentha, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ikule pa kutentha 20 mpaka 25 digiri. M'nyengo yozizira, onetsetsani kuti chipindacho sichizizira kuposa madigiri 15. Nthawi yotsalira siyofunikira chomera chotere; chimatha kukula ndikukula nthawi yachisanu chipinda chofunda. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ziyenera kuchotsedwa pochotsa magetsi.
Simalola kusintha kwadzidzidzi mu kutentha, kukonzekera. Ndikusintha kowopsa kwamikhalidwe yakumangidwa, masamba amatha kuwuluka.
Momwe mungamwere
Tifunikira kuthirira mwadongosolo komanso moyenera. Komabe, onetsetsani kuti m'nthaka mulibe madzi. Monga lamulo, chomera chimathiriridwa pokhapokha pamwamba pamtunda wapansi pouma pang'ono. Madzi othirira ayenera kusungidwa nthawi zonse.
Chinyezi
Chinyezi cham'mlengalenga chimakhala chosankha chilichonse, koma m'malo amenewa chomera chimakhala bwino. Kwa ma ficuse akuluakulu, njira zachilendo zowonjezera chinyezi sizoyenera. Ngati chipindacho chili chouma kwambiri, ndiye kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito "jenereta ya chifunga choyenga." Ndipo ngakhale patakhala chosungira, mungathe kuyika fikiyi pafupi nayo.
Ngati chinyezi chotsika kwambiri, ndiye kuti masamba onse akhoza kugwera pachomera.
Kusakaniza kwadothi
Nthaka yoyenera iyenera kumasulidwa, kupatsidwa mphamvu ndi michere ndi pH ya 6,6,5. Mutha kugula kusakaniza kopangidwa ndi dino ka ficus. Ndipo ngati mukufuna, mutha kuphika nokha. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kulumikiza peat, turf ndi nthaka yamasamba, komanso mchenga wopota, wotengedwa chimodzimodzi. Musaiwale za dothi labwino lokwanira, lomwe lingakuthandizeni kupewa acidization nthaka.
Feteleza
Kuvala kwapamwamba kumachitika kawiri pamwezi. Pachifukwa ichi, feteleza ndi michere ya michere imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe imayenera kusinthidwa. Feteleza ayenera kukhala ndi potaziyamu yambiri ndi nayitrogeni.
Zinthu Zogulitsa
Ichi ndi mbewu yomwe ikukula mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, monga lamulo, mu miyezi 12 mmera wocheperako umatha kukhala mtengo wa mita iwiri. Pankhani imeneyi, toyesa achinyamata amafunika kusinthidwa pafupipafupi (1 kapena 2 pachaka). Pakakhala izi, kuziika nthawi zambiri zimachitika mizu itatha kulowa m'mphika. Ficuses zokulirapo musasunthe, koma ingochikani pazosanjikiza zapamwamba zokha.
Kudulira
Muyenera nthawi zonse kuyesa michere kuti muchepetse kukula kwa mbewu ndikupanga korona woyenera. Kudulira kumachitika nthawi ya kukula kwakukulu isanayambe, ndipo pambuyo pake zidzatha kutsina nsonga za nthambi zazing'ono.
Mawonekedwe
Kuphatikiza pa kudulira nthambi, palibenso njira ina yochepera yopangira korona wokongola. Mphukira za ficus yopatulika ndizodziyimira kwambiri. Pogwiritsa ntchito waya wapadera, mapesi achichepere amatha kupatsidwa malangizo aliwonse.
Njira yodziwika kwambiri yopangira mbuto zazing'ono ndikuluka mitengo ikuluikulu kukhala malo ogulitsa nkhumba. Koma chifukwa cha izi, ficus 3-4 ziyenera kubzalidwa nthawi yomweyo chidebe chimodzi.
Njira zolerera
Ficus yoyera imatha kufalikira mwachangu ndipo ingogwiritsa ntchito njere. Njira iyi ndiyotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa. Kufesa mbewu zikuyenera kuchitika molingana ndi malangizo omwe akuwonetsedwa phukusi. Monga lamulo, mawonekedwe a mbande amapezeka patatha sabata.
Mtengowo ungafalitsidwenso ndi mabulidwe, koma kudula kwambiri sikuzu.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Aphid, mealybugs, tizilombo tambiri kapena tinthu ting'onoting'ono timakhala pamtengo. Ngati mukuzindikira tizirombo, ndiye kuti ficus adzafunika kuthandizidwa mwachangu ndi mankhwala apadera posachedwa. Kusanthula kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamalitsa kuti usadzipweteke.
Nthawi zambiri, mbewuyo imadwala chifukwa imasamalidwa bwino. Chifukwa chake, chifukwa cha kusintha kwazosamalira, masamba onse amatha kugwa.
Komabe, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti masamba a ficus amadzigwera okha, akufika zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Pankhaniyi, kugwa masamba kungakhale ntchito yachilengedwe kwathunthu.
