Kubzala mbewu ya thyme Kubzala ndi kusamalira poyeraThyme (Thumus) ndi mbewu ya herbaceous osatha m'banja la Iasnatkovye. Mapesiwa amafikira kutalika kosaposa 35 cm, akugona kapena akukwera, atakutidwa ndi khungu la bulauni, amatha kukhazikika pansi.
Thyme imapanga mapilo okuta, omwe nthawi ya maluwa amatulutsa ndi maluwa ambiri ang'onoang'ono. Duwa limayambira pang'ono pubescent. Kutengera mitundu, mtundu wa maluwa ndi yoyera, yapinki, yofiirira, mitundu yosakanizidwa imakhala ndi mtundu wolemera. Amapatsa fungo labwino, lonunkhira.
Kodi thyme thyme imayamba liti?
Nthawi yamaluwa a thyme imakhala mu Juni-Julayi.
Zomera zodzikongoletsera za herme zimakhala ndi mayina ena ambiri. Wodziwika kwambiri ndi thyme (thyme), pakati pa ena onse: kukondera, chebark, swan, ndimu wokonda mandimu, udzu wa Bogorodskaya, nkhalango ya paini, zofukiza, ndi zopota.
Mitundu imalumikiza mitundu yoposa 400 yomwe imatha kupezeka ku Eurasia, America ndi Africa. Malo omwe akukula ndi m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, mapiri, nkhalango zamapine, malo amiyala, mapiri a tundra.
Udzu wonunkhira, wophimba pansi ndi tambula tating'ono, watengera chidwi cha anthu kwa nthawi yayitali. Pa mankhwala othandizira (antibacterial, antiviral, antibacterial) thyme analemba Teofast, Avicenna, Diosconite. Aigupto amagwiritsa ntchito thyme pamiyambo, Agiriki amatcha chomera kuti mpweya wamoyo. Aroma akale ankaona kuti thyme ndi chizindikiro cha umuna, ndipo amatha kukhala ndi mphamvu ya umuna (potency). Pa chikhalidwe cha Asilavo, zimakhulupirira kuti ngati mutawotcha nthambi za thyme ndikutulutsa fungo labwino, dziko la mizimu ndi milungu lidzatseguka.
Baluwa lotulutsa maluwa ndilokongola kwambiri kotero kuti lakhazikitsidwa kuti likhale lokongoletsa. Malo abwino kwambiri ndi phiri la kumapiri.
Kukula kwa thyme thyme kuchokera ku mbewu Nthawi yobzala pa mbande
Chithunzi cha thyme
Kubzala mbewu za thyme poyera zimachitika mchaka (pafupifupi pakati pa Meyi, kutentha kukakhazikitsidwa) kapena nthawi yozizira. Kumbani malo, chotsani namsongole ndi zinyalala, gawani mbeu panthaka, zitsekani kuti zitsinde osapitirira 1 cm.
Thyme kuchokera ku chithunzi cha mbewu ya thyme imagwedera
Zomera zosalimba zimatha kumera namsongole. Njira yodalirika ndikukula mbande za thyme.
Bzalani thyme m'mwezi wa Marichi komanso pakatha miyezi ingapo mbande ikhale yokonzeka kuthira panthaka. Tengani zotengera zambiri, dzazani ndi msanganizo wa mchenga-wokwanira (mulingo wofanana), pangani ma coco, mbewu mpaka akuya kosaposa 1 cm, kutsanulira kuchokera kutsitsi labwino.
Chithunzi cha mbande thyme
- Valani chidebe ndi galasi kapena mandala owoneka bwino kuti muwoneke.
- Ikani malo otentha (kutentha kwa mpweya mkati mwa 25-30 ° C) ndi magetsi owonongeka.
- Pansi pa izi, zolembetsa ziwoneka pambuyo masiku 7.
- Nthawi yonse yamera, nyemba zimathandizira tsiku ndi tsiku, kuchotsa zipatso, ndi kupopera mbewu nthaka ikamuma.
- Kubwera kwa mphukira, chotsani pogona, phukira.
- Kusamalira mmera kumakhala ndi kuthirira pang'ono.
- Zomera zikamamera pang'ono, zimabzalidwa m'mbale zodzaza ndi zokulira pansi.
Thyme imafalikira bwino podzilimitsa, ndikukulitsa dera lakula.
Momwe mungakulitsire thyme kapena thyme kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba kanema:
Kuchulukitsa kwa masamba a Thyme
Kufalikira kwa masamba a thyme kumaphatikizapo kugawidwa kwa tchire ndi kuzika kwa zodulidwa. Chitani njira zonse ziwiri mchaka.
Mutha kugawa tchire pafupipafupi kwa zaka zitatu. Kumbani chomera, gulirani dothi kuchokera pa ma rhizomes, gawani pansi ndikukhala ndi mizu mosamala. Aliyense delenka ayenera kukhala ndi mizu yopangidwa ndi masamba ophuka. Mbewu mu maenje obzala ofanana ndi kukula kwa mizu. Madzi abwino. Kuti Delenki imike mizu mwachangu, perekani shading yakanthawi.
Mizu yodula ziwiya zonyowa. Valani chidebe ndi zodula ndi film kapena galasi. Pukuta dothi nthawi ndi nthawi kuchokera ku mfuti yokula. Mizu imatenga masiku 15-20. Kenako imbani m'malo mosalekeza.
Malo a kukula kwa Thyme
Thyme amakonda kutentha ndi dzuwa - chomera m'malo otentha ndi chitetezo kuchokera kumalingaliro. Mwina kumeta pang'ono, mumithunzi yolimba, zimayambira zimakulitsidwa, maluwa ndi ochepa.
Nthaka imafuna lotayirira, yoyesedwa bwino, yokhala ndi chonde, yopanda mbali kapena zamchere mwa machitidwe. Mukadzala pazakudya dothi lolemera, tchire limathanso. Njira yotulutsira izi ndikumayambitsa mchenga wa humus, woboola-koyambilira wokumba, mulch nthaka ndi miyala.
Kunja kwakunja
Mbewu za thyme zimakhala zokonzeka kubzala chithunzi
Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane kubzala kwa mbande, Delenki ndi mbewu yozika mizu:
- Bwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosinthira.
- Pangani dzenje lalikulu kuti mulingo wamchenga wosachedwa pafupifupi 5 cm komanso mmera limodzi ndi chimbulu chadothi kuti chikhale pansi.
- Ngati dothi latha, onjezani humus ndi fupa chakudya kubowo.
- Valani ma voids ndi lapansi, pofinyira pang'onopang'ono, kutsanulira.
- Khosi la mizu liyenera kuzimiririka ndi nthaka.
Thyme pawindo
Thyme imatha kubzalidwa m'nyumba, kufalikira ndi mbewu nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Pa siteji ya masamba enieni enieni a 2-3, zibzalani m'malo osiyana, momwe zikumera 3-4 ziyikidwe.
Sungani mbewu pamawindo akum'mwera kapena akum'mawa komwe padzakhale kutentha ndi kuwala kokwanira. Patulani kuthirira pang'ono, mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, ikatengereni mu chipika kapena khonde.
Momwe mungasamalilire thyme m'munda
Thyme mdziko lomwe likukula ndi chithunzi chosamalira
Thyme imakhala yosasamala poyang'anira: kuthilira panthaka, kumasula nthaka, kudula, ndi umuna ndizofunikira.
Momwe mungamwere
Mukuthirira, kutsatira pang'ono, chinyezi chonyansa chimapweteka. Zomera zimatha kukhutitsidwa ndi mpweya. Onetsetsani kuti mwathirira madzi ndi chilala kwanthawi yayitali komanso musanakhale maluwa. Mvula ikangogwa kwanthawi yayitali, pangani ma grooves kuti mumwe madzi, mulch muzu ndi mizu.
Kulima dothi komanso kuvala pamwamba
Kupereka mpweya wabwino muzu, kumasula nthaka mutathilira komanso mvula. Udzu nthawi zonse ndi namsongole, makamaka mbewu zazing'ono.
Ngati mwaphatikiza feteleza musanabzike, izi ndi zokwanira nthawi yoyamba kukula. Kuyambira chaka chamawa, kudyetsani zovuta za feteleza wa mchere: gwiritsani ntchito kumayambiriro kwa masika kapena musanayambe maluwa.
Kudulira
Kuti chitsamba chikule, ndichopangika, ndikofunikira kucheka. Mu April, kudula ofooka, odwala, achisanu mphukira, pambuyo maluwa, woonda kuthengo. Ngati simuchepetsa tchire, lidzakhala ndi vuto la kusowa kwa mpweya komanso kuwala: mphukira zidzayamba kutambalala, mphukira zimatha kusasalala. Kuchepetsa chitsamba kumakhala kofupikitsa mphukira ndi 2/3 ya kutalika (mpaka gawo lignified).
Thyme yozizira yozizira m'chigawo cha Moscow ndi msewu wapakati
Zomera bwino nyengo yachisanu poyera popanda pogona. Ngakhale mphukira zachisanu zimatha "kuchoka."
Kutolere ndi kusungira thyme
Pazifukwa zamankhwala ndi zofunikira, udzu wa thyme (masamba a masamba) umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amadulidwa nthawi yamaluwa. Popeza zimayambira ndi zazifupi, si bwino kuti muzisonkhanitsa m'malo kuti ziume. Ikani zimayambira mu pepala loonda kapena lansalu, youma pamalo osasunthika ndi mpweya wabwino, sakanizani nthawi zina. Mukayanika, kupukusa, kupeta, kupatulira mbali zazitali zamitengo - sizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Sungani zinthu zopangidwa muzotengera zomata;
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya thyme thyme yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a thyme Thymus vulgaris
Chithunzi chotchuka cha Thmeus vulgaris
Imapezeka m'chilengedwe ku Spain komanso kum'mwera kwa France, komwe amalimidwanso. Zimayambira kutalika kwa 15 cm ndikuphimbidwa pang'ono ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono amtundu wobiriwira wakuda, masamba owala ndi masamba a pubescent, atakulungidwa m'mbali. Maluwa ofiirira.
Zosiyanasiyana:
Mtundu wa siliva wa Thyme Argentinaeus Thymus vulgaris 'Argenteus'
Alba - ali ndi inflorescence yoyera-ngati chipale;
Elfin ndi mtundu wocheperako wokhala ndi mphukira kutalika kwa masentimita 5-7, mainchesi a pilo onunkhira ndi 15 cm;
Splendans - yodziwika ndi inflorescence ya hue wofiira kwambiri.
Chokwawa cha thyme Thymus serpyllum
Chithunzi cha Thyme chikukwawa chithunzi cha Thymus serpyllum
Poyambira ku Mediterranean, adafalikira ku Europe (kuchokera ku Greece kupita ku Sweden). Ku Russia, mtunduwu umatchedwa udzu wa Bogorodskaya. Amadziwika zaka zoposa 2000, mchikhalidwe kuyambira zaka za zana la 16. Masamba a chikopa. Makanema amtundu wapinki ndi wofiirira. Mitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba ndi utoto wamitundu yambiri ya inflorescence (yoyera, yapinki, yamoto ya carmine) idapangidwa.
Mafuta onunkhira a mandimu a Thmeus kapena a mandimu
Mafuta onunkhira a mandimu a Thmeus kapena a mandimu
Mu chilengedwe, chomeracho chimapezeka m'malo otseguka a kumwera kwa France. Ma inflorescence amakhala ndi pinki hue. Masamba achichepere amatulutsa chikasu, amasintha kukhala obiriwira nthawi yayitali, amakhala ndi fungo lonunkhira bwino. Mafuta a mandimu onunkhira amafunika kudulira nthawi zonse, amawopa kuzizira - pogona ndikofunikira nthawi yozizira. Mitundu yambiri yapangidwa; lingalirani zabwino kwambiri:
Silver Queen - zimayambira pafupifupi 20 cm, mapepala okhala ndi mkombero woyera;
Golden Duarf, Bertram Anderson - masamba a masamba okutidwa ndi mawanga achikaso.
Donna Valley - zimayambira kukula 8 cm, masamba obiriwira owala ndi mawanga achikasu.
Thymus utitiri wa Thymus pulegioides
Chithunzi cha Thyme flea Thymus pulegioides chithunzi
Tchire lalifupi pakamasuka limakutidwa ndi pinki inflorescence.
Thymus doerfleri thyme
Chithunzi cha Thymus Dorflera Thymus doerfleri chithunzi
Mtengowo ndi wobadwira ku Balkan. Zokongola kwambiri: masamba ake ndi opindika, ophimbidwa ndi yoyera - zimawoneka kuti zimawomba mphepo. Maluwa ali ndi mtundu wa imvi.
Thyme subarctic Thymus subarcticus
Chithunzi cha Thyme subarctic Thymus subarcticus
Kugawidwa m'nkhalango yaku Eastern Europe. Amakula ndi mphonje, umakhala wolimba, wokutidwa ndi kutulutsa kwamaso kwa lilac hue. Silvery pubescence imapereka chithumwa chowonjezereka kwa masamba ndi maluwa.
Thyme koyambirira Thymus praecox
Chithunzi cha thyme choyambirira cha Thymus praecox
Linakhala maziko opanga mitundu yomwe imalimidwa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pakupanga mawonekedwe.
Zocheperako - zitsamba zosasamba zitha kufananizidwa ndi thukuta laubweya lomwe limakulungidwa, chifukwa kufalikira kumakhala kambiri. Maluwa ndi osawoneka bwino, koma chifukwa cha msuzi wobiriwira wamasamba ndi zimayambira, chitsambacho chidzakhala chowoneka bwino cha kama wogona maluwa, rockery, munda wamiyala, phiri lalitali.
Pseudolanuginosus - masamba ang'onoang'ono, fluffy. Nthawi yamaluwa, maluwa obiriwira amakhala obisika kwathunthu pansi pachikuto cha maluwa a lilac.
Zothandiza zofunikira za thyme
M'masiku akale, thyme adalemekezedwa ngati mankhwala amatsenga omwe sangathe kuchiritsa, koma kubwezeretsa moyo. Chomera chimakhala ndi zinthu zofunikira: ma asidi (khofi, quinic, oleicolic, ursulic), flavonoids, thymol, mchere, vitamini C, chingamu, ndi zina zambiri. Chifukwa cha izi, kukonzekera okonzedwa pamaziko a chomera kumakhala ndi antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal effect.
Kudzola kapena mafuta pa uchi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsokomola kuyembekezera komanso kupatsa mphamvu. Tiyi ndi kulowetsedwa kumathandizira kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuthana ndi zovuta zam'mimba, komanso kulimbitsa chitetezo chokwanira.
Kusamba kwa chithokomiro kumalimbikitsidwa pa matenda a mafupa, minofu, rheumatism, radiculitis, zotupa pakhungu. Zosakaniza zozikidwa mu mafuta a thyme ofunikira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati othandizira kunja. Thyme ndi aphrodisiac wamphamvu.
Komanso, mafuta ofunikira amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumsika wa zodzikongoletsera (monga mafuta onunkhira a milomo, sopo, mafuta, mankhwala opaka mano) ndi mankhwala opangira mankhwala.
Monga zonunkhira, thyme imayamikiridwa m'mitundu yambiri ya padziko lapansi. Ku France, thyme ndi gawo lofunikira la zitsamba za Provence komanso maluwa a Garni; ku England kutchuka m'malo achiwiri pambuyo peppermint; ku Greece ndi Spain - gawo lofunikira la marinade azitona; m'maiko a Central Europe - zokometsera zomwe amakonda yokazinga, ndi msuzi wokhala ndi nandolo kapena nyemba zimapatsa kukhudzika kwapadera; thyme amatchuka mu zakudya za ku Arabia, amadziwikanso ku Jamaica.
Mafuta a mandimu amapatsa kukoma kwambiri kwa nsomba. Thyme (ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito maluwa) ndi timbewu tonunkhira - chakudya chachikulu cha tiyi onunkhira komanso wathanzi.
