Mtengo wa kanjedza nthawi zambiri umalalidwa kunyumba chifukwa choti ndi wosavuta kusamalira ndipo sizovuta kuti ubzale kuchokera pa mbeu ya tsiku wamba lomwe lazigulidwa m'sitolo. Titha kunena mosabisa kuti iye ndi mmodzi mwa oimira chidwi kwambiri a banja la kanjedza, limodzi ndi singano ndi chamedorea.
Tsiku lokhala ndi chisamaliro kunyumba
Malo
Chomera ichi ndi chojambulidwa, chifukwa chimayenera kukhala cholongosoka kwambiri momwe chingathere chaka chonse. Imafunikira chipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wabwino, chifukwa sichilola kuti mpweya uzichitika. M'chilimwe, nthawi yotentha kunja, kanjedza limatha kutengedwa kupita kukhonde kapena kuyikapo m'munda wakutsogolo, komwe ukadzamverera bwino. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwake kumakhala koyenera kwa iye. + 10- + 15 ° С, koma nthawi yomweyo, pakhale kuwala kokwanira. Kuti chomera chikule bwino, chimayenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi ndi kuwala kwa kuwalako. Pamwamba pa kanjedza, pomwe tsamba laling'onolo limapangidwa, liyenera kulowetsedwa nthawi zonse, osayang'ana gwero lowunikira.
Kuthirira
M'chilimwe, kanjedza la deti limafuna kuthirira kokwanira, ngati onse oimira mayiko ofunda. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe chinyezi chinyumba, apo ayi njira yowola mizu imatha kukhazikika, kenako mukayamba izi, mbewuyo ikhoza kufa. Ngati madzi abwera poto mutathirira, ndiye kuti muyenera kuthira madzi nthawi yomweyo. Chizindikiro chakuti kuthirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa ndikuwoneka mawanga a bulauni pamasamba. Ngati mbewu yonse idayamba kuchita mdima, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuiika nthawi yomweyo mumphika wokhala ndi dothi latsopano.
Pakakhala vuto loumbika m'matope, kanjedza limatsika masamba omwe samatha kubwerera pomwe anali.
Chomera ichi sichikhala ndi chofunikira chilichonse chinyezi, koma mpweya wambiri ungapangitse kuti nsonga za masamba ziume. Potere, iyenera kuthiridwa nthawi zambiri, makamaka munthawi yotentha kwambiri.
Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofewa kuthirira: chilimwe - mvula, nthawi yozizira - matalala, koma nthawi zonse kutentha.
Ngati m'munsi mungachite khungu ndi kufa, ndiye kuti zimachitika mwachilengedwe.
Thirani
Mtengo wa kanjedza wachichepere umafunikira kudulidwa kwachaka kwa zaka zisanu zoyambirira za moyo. Pambuyo pake, mtengo wa kanjedza umasinthanso ngati pakufunika, ngati mizu idakhala pampukutu wonsewo. Pankhani yakukula kotere muzu, ndizotheka popanda mavuto kudula gawo la mizu. Malo oyika zinthu zitha kugulidwa pa malo ogulitsira maluwa, koma mutha kudzikonzekeretsa pazinthu izi:
- 1 gawo la malo owetera.
- 1 mbali humus.
- 1 gawo la kompositi.
- 1 gawo la mchenga.
Mulimonsemo, ngalande yothandiza iyenera kuperekedwa.
Kuswana
Tsiku la kanjedza lomwe limatulutsa njere. Monga lamulo, awa ndi mafupa wamba a tsiku lodziwika bwino. Njirayi ndi yayitali kwambiri ndipo imatha kuyambira 3 mpaka 6 miyezi, ndipo mwinanso ochulukirapo. Zonse zimatengera momwe kumera mbewu kumachitika. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti boma lotentha, lomwe liyenera kukhalamo + 25- + 30 ° С ndi chinyezi wamba. Pamalo owuma, fupa silituluka. Zitha kuchitika kuti mbewu singamere kuzizira kwambiri, koma kutentha kwake kuyenera kusungidwa mpaka tamera yaying'ono.
Mwalawo ungabzalidwe peat, perlite, mchenga kapena sphagnum moss. Chachikulu ndichakuti zinthuzo zimatha kusunga chinyezi.
Kuti mafupawo atumpuke ndi chitsimikizo, ndikofunikira kuphwanya umphumphu wa chipolopolo ndi chilichonse chopezeka: fayilo, mpeni, hacksaw yachitsulo, etc. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika mosamala kwambiri kuti zisawononge pakati.
Fupa limabzalidwa. Mtunda kuchokera panthaka mpaka pamwamba pa fupa suyenera kupitirira 1 cm. Mtengowo ukangowonekera, kanjedza limatha kusokonekera mumphika ndikusunthira kumalo owala.
Feteleza, feteleza
Kuti kukula kwanyengo ikule, monga kanjedza, ndikofunikira kupanga, pafupipafupi masiku 10, kuvala pamwamba, panthawi yogwira, kuyambira kasupe mpaka nthawi yophukira. M'nyengo yozizira, pamene kanjedza limapuma, kuvala pamwamba kumachepetsedwa nthawi imodzi pamwezi. Mtengo wa kanjedza umakonda feteleza wachilengedwe womwe umatha kugula kapena kuphika wekha. M'chilimwe, 1 nthawi pamwezi, ndikofunikira kupereka umuna ndi potaziyamu nitrate, pamlingo wa 1 g wa saltpeter pa 1 lita imodzi yamadzi.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Tizilombo ndi matenda zimakhudza kanjedza kaja chifukwa chosasamalidwa bwino ndikuphwanya mikhalidwe. Izi zitha kukhala tizilombo tambiri, ma mebubu, nthata za akangaude, ndi zina zambiri. Chofunikira kwambiri pakulimbana kwamphamvu ndi matenda ndi tizirombo ndikuwongolera zolakwa zomwe zidapangidwa chifukwa chakulitsa kanjedza kunyumba. Chotsani tizirombo, komanso kudziwa moyo wawo mwamagetsi. Kuti muchite izi, tengani yankho la sopo wamadzi (kuchepetsa 15 g mu madzi okwanira 1 litre) ndikupukuta masamba a kanjedza. Ngati kuyesaku sikunapereke kalikonse, ndiye kuti njirayi imabwerezedwa pakatha sabata. Nthawi yomweyo, njira zimayenera kutengedwa kuti sopo wothira sudzagwe mumphika ndi nthaka, popeza njirayi imatha kulowa muzu. Ngati matendawa ali olimba mokwanira ndipo njira zosavuta ndi zotchipa sizithandiza, ndiye kuti kanjedza limathandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mwachitsanzo, actellik.
Mtengo wa mgwalawu sugwiritsidwa ndi tizirombo zokha, komanso umadwala ndi matenda monga ma pinki zowola, zomwe zimakhudza mbali zonse za mbewu ndikuwonera, zomwe zimatha kuwononga tsamba. Monga lamulo, mbewu zofooka zokha ndi zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi matenda. Chifukwa chake, ndikotheka kupanga njira yokhayo yoyenera: kupewa izi kuti zisachitike kumbuyo kwa kanjedza, muyenera chisamaliro choyenera komanso chokhazikika.
Ngati mphindi yakusowa ndipo mtambowo wadwala, ndiye kuti muyenera kuthira mtengowo ndi fungicide, yomwe imaphatikizapo mancozeb ndi methyl thiophanate. Nthawi yomweyo, magawo awiri ochitira zinthu amachitidwa ndikupumira sabata. Koma chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndikusanthula ndikupeza chomwe chikuyambitsa matendawa, kutero chitha kubwereranso pakapita nthawi.
