Momwe mungadyetse mphesa kuti zikule komanso kukolola bwino Manyowa m'chaka, chilimwe komanso nthawi yophukira nthawi yachisanu

Kodi ndifunika kudyetsa mphesa?

Ngakhale pali zovuta zina, kulima chikhalidwe chakumwera komanso chopatsa chidwi kumeneku pakati pa Russia ndi kotheka. Ndikofunikira kupereka mphesa mosamala, kuphatikiza kuvala mwadongosolo, ndipo izi ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi chidziwitso.

Ambiri sakudziwa ngati ndizotheka kudyetsa mphesa, chifukwa kugwiritsa ntchito umuna kumatha kubweretsa kuchuluka kwa nitrate. Pali yankho limodzi lokha: mlingo woyenera ndi wofunikira. Vutoli likhalanso poti kudyetsa mphesa pafupipafupi ndi feteleza wa mchere kumatha kuwononga chikhalidwe chokha. Inde, wamaluwa amachita izi mosadziwa, koma chifukwa chosadziwa zambiri. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni m'nthaka kungayambitse kufa kwa phosphorous ndi potaziyamu mu mphesa, ngakhale zitapangidwa.

Ena amakhulupirira kuti chinthu chimodzi chachilengedwe kapena kuyambitsa feteleza wophatikiza ndizokwanira, koma kukula kwabwinobwino komanso kusasitsa mpesa, kuyereketsa zipatso, pamafunika mitundu yambiri.

Momwe mungawerengere kuchuluka kwa feteleza kwa mphesa

Momwe mungadyetse mphesa muyeso wa michere ya mchere

Poyamba, muyenera kuphunzira kuwerengera kuti ndi mphesa zingati zomwe zimafunikira feteleza kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu, phosphorous, nayitrogeni ndi zinthu zina zomwe zikutsatira ziyenera kuwonjezedwa pakulima? Kuwerengera kumakhala kovuta, koma kotheka.

Dziwani kuti kilogalamu imodzi ya mphesa pafupifupi 17 mg wa boron, 19 mg ya zinc, 10 g ya calcium, 7 mg yamkuwa, 6.5 g ya nayitrogeni, 4 g wa magnesium ndi 2 g wa phosphorous.

Tsopano kumbukirani ma kilogalamu angati a mbewu zomwe mumatola pachitsamba chimodzi ndikuchulukitsa ndi khumi. Zotsatira zake zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa michere yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakupanga zipatso. Izi ndizomwe zimatchedwa zachuma, zinthu zambiri zothandiza zomwe mbewu idatenga kuchokera m'nthaka kuti zimere zipatso zokha.

Pali malo otsogola monga chilengedwe - mudzakhala ofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mizu, masamba, nthambi ndi mphukira. Ndalama izi zimafunikiranso kulipidwa, koma ndizosatheka kuwerengetsa.

Miyezo yambiri ya mphesa imawerengeredwa potengera malo (mulingo umodzi pa mita imodzi). Komabe, alimi osadziwa zambiri sangathe kudziwa komwe gawo la chitsamba limalizira, pomwe mizu yake ikufunanso. Nthawi zambiri, chitsamba chachikulire chimafalikira kupitirira 6 m², ndimalo ozungulira mpesa womwe umafunika kudyetsedwa.

Mwachilengedwe, tchire tating'ono timakhala gawo laling'ono, mulingo wovala pamwamba umayenera kuchepetsedwa.

Njira yodyetsa mizu ya mphesa kuti ikule ndi kututa

Momwe mungadyetse

Kuphatikiza pansi pa muzu wa mphesa kumachitika pazochitika zina zachitukuko, kuvala zovala zitatu zapamwamba pamsika wofunikira. Njira yabwino ikakhala kukhala ndi njira yothirira madzi pamalopo pampope wamadzi kapena pansi pa nthaka, yomwe ingalole kuperekera njirayi poyambira mpesa. Pakalibe zida zoterezi, ingochokerani pamunsi pa mpesa 50-60 masentimita ndikukumba poyambira kutalika kwa masentimita 30 m'mphepete mwa chitsamba (iyi ndi kansalu kamodzi ka fosholo) ndikudyetsa.

Momwe mungadyetse mphesa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kuti mukule komanso kuyala bwino

Choyamba kudyetsa mphesa zimakhazikitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophulika kwa impso. Kuphatikizidwa kwa feteleza kwamamineral kumayambitsidwa, komwe kumakhala 30 g ya potaziyamu sulfate, 60 g ya superphosphate ndi 90 g wa urea. Mankhwala aliwonse amathandizidwa m'madzi padera, kenako ndikuwatsanulira m'chiwiya chimodzi, kubweretsa kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi malita 40 ndi madzi pansi pa chitsamba chachikulu.

Chovala chochepa kwambiri chitha kuthiridwa m'malo owuma, kenako ndikuthira madzi kapena kusinthana ndi organic. Thirani mu yankho la thovu la mullein kapena ndowa (1 lita kapena 0,5 lita imodzi yokhazikika mu ndowa).

Momwe mungadyetse mphesa musanakhale ndi maluwa

Maluwa asanayambitsidwe kudyetsa kwachiwiri:

• Amakonzedwa kuchokera pazinthu zomwezo, koma gawo limakulitsidwa. Mudzafunika 160 g ya superphosphate, 120 g ya ammonium nitrate, 80 g wa potaziyamu sulfate. Chosakaniza chilichonse chimasungunuka m'madzi payokha, kenako kusakaniza mu 40 litre ntchito yankho ndi madzi 1 chitsamba chachikulu.

Pambuyo maluwa ndikothandiza kwambiri. lachitatu kudya phulusa. Momwe mungachite izi, yang'anani kanema:

Phulusa ndi gwero la potaziyamu ndi phosphorous, yofunikira kwambiri kupangira mphesa. Kupereka tchire ndi zinthu izi, mudzapeza zokolola zambiri.

Momwe mungadyetse mphesa zakupsa ndi zipatso zokoma

Chachinayi kudya Tifunikira tikamakula mphesa m'maderawo mwachidule chilimwe. M'magawo amenewa, ndikofunikira kwambiri chifukwa imathandizira pakucha zipatso ndi kuphatikiza zipatso za mpesa - njira yofunika kwambiri yozizira.

• Gawo la nayitrogeni silimaphatikizidwa, yankho limakonzedwa kuchokera ku 60 g ya superphosphate ndi 30 g ya potaziyamu sulfate pa malita 10 a madzi, chitsamba 1 chimathiriridwa. Kuchokera pamweri ndikofunika kuthira ndowa zina zitatu za madzi.
• Kudyetsa kutha kusinthidwa ndikukonzekera monga Aquarin, Master, Novofert, Plantafol kapena Kemira, konzekerani mayankho ogwira ntchito molingana ndi malangizo.

Kuvala pamwamba pa mphesa pamasamba (pamasamba)

Ndikulakwitsa kuganiza kuti kuvala mwabwinobwino sikofunika ndipo sikungabweretse phindu poyerekeza ndi muzu. M'malo mwake, mphesa zimatha kuyamwa michere pogwiritsa ntchito masamba bwino kuposa momwe zimayambira muzu, ngati zonse zachitika molondola komanso nthawi zonse (musadumphe).

Ganizirani nthawi ndi momwe mungadyere mphesa pamasamba.

Momwe mungadyetse mphesa za zipatso zokolola Zambiri

Chovala choyambirira chapamwamba cha mphesa chimathera usiku watatsala pang'ono maluwa.

• Kwa malita 10 a madzi, tengani 100 g ya superphosphate, 50 g ya potaziyamu sodium, 40 g wa urea ndi 5 g wa boric acid.
• Timagawa chilichonse padera, kenako timalumikizana pazomwe zimachitika ndipo timabweretsa kuchuluka kwa malita 10.
• Tsanulira ndikuthira thengo mphesa ndi osakaniza.

Momwe mungadyetse mphesa pomangira zipatso

Mukangotulutsa maluwa, chithandizo chachiwiri chidzafunika kuti mumange zipatsozo bwino. Kuphatikizika kwa yankho ndikofanana, mutha kuwonjezera pa iye yankho lokonzedwa la kufufuza zinthu.

Momwe mungadyetse mphesa mutathira zipatso

Chitani chachitatu chobvala chapamwamba choyambirira koyambirira kwa mabulosi. Kukula kwa 10 malita a madzi: 100 g ya superphosphate ndi 50 g ya potaziyamu sulfate.

Momwe mungadyetse mphesa panthawi ya fruiting ndi wowerengeka azitsamba

Momwe mungadyetse mphesa pakucha mwachangu ndi maswiti

Chovala chomaliza chapamwamba chomaliza chimachitika mu Ogasiti mwachindunji pa zipatso zakupsa. Amakonzedwa kuchokera ku zosakaniza zachilengedwe zomwe zimakhala ndi fungicidal ndipo zimagwira ngati kupewa matenda. Itha kukhala yankho la kulowetsedwa kwa phulusa la nkhuni, ayodini kapena potaziyamu potaziyamu, kuchepetsedwa ndi seramu.

Momwe mungaphikire kulowetsedwa kwa phulusa:

• Tengani ndulu zitatu zaini za phulusa, mudzaze ndi malita 10 ofunda, madzi okhazikika, akuyambitsa bwino, chivundikiro ndikulisiya kuti zitheke kwa masiku awiri.

Kukonzekera ntchito yothetsera, tengani 1 lita imodzi yotsiliza kulowetsa pa malita 10 a madzi. Chezani kukonza pamasamba kapena kutsanulira kuchokera ku zidebe za 4 mpaka 8 za mavalidwe otere pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse cha mphesa.

Momwe mungadyetse mphesa kuti zikhale zokoma

Kutsekemera kwa zipatso kumatha kuwonjezereka ndikupanga masamba azitsamba ndi njira ya ayodini. Kuphatikiza apo, kuvala pamwamba kotero ndi chitetezo chowonjezera cha mpesa ku matenda. Tengani dontho limodzi la ayodini 1 mu lita imodzi yamadzi ndikuthira chitsamba ndi njirayi. Mavalidwe osavuta oterowo sangakonzeketsenso shuga wa zipatsozo, komanso kudzazidwa ndi ayodini, zothandiza thanzi la munthu. Peel ya zipatsozo siziwonongeka nthawi zanyengo.

Mwa njira, mankhwalawa a ayodini amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yonse yakukula. Izi zidzasintha mkhalidwe wa mbewu, mpesa ukukula bwino. Komabe, musachite izi nthawi zopitilira 2 pamwezi, kuti mizu ya thengo isathe chifukwa chofulumira kukula kwa nthaka.

Kudyetsa ndi potaziyamu permanganate, ayodini ndi boric acid chifukwa cha kutsekemera kwa zipatso ndi masamba obiriwira

Momwe mungadyetse mphesa mu Ogasiti, ngati masamba akutumbululuka? Ndipo momwe mungakulitsire shuga mu zipatso? Mutha kupanga chitsamba kukhala chobiriwira ndikuwonjezera kutsekemera kwa zipatso zake ndi kuvala kosavuta uku.

Kwa 3 l yothandizira ntchito mudzafunika:

• Potaziyamu permanganate kumapeto kwa mpeni, kuponyera m'madzi ndikupeza yankho la pinki pang'ono.
• Boric acid kumapeto kwa supuni imayamba kulowetsedwa mu kapu yamadzi otentha (madzi ochepa), kenako ndikuthira mu yankho wamba.
• Kugwetsa madontho atatu a ayodini

Ndi yankho ili, timachita kukonza masamba masana. Kuvala pamwamba kotereku kumapangitsa kuti chomera chikhale chokwanira, chimapangitsa masamba kukhala obiriwira, ndipo zipatso zake ndizabwino.

Seramu ndi ayodini zowonjezera

Zakudya zabwino komanso chitetezo chodalirika ku matenda zimapezeka ngati mugwiritsa ntchito seramu ndi ayodini:

• Tengani Madzi 10 L
• 1 l la seramu
• Madontho 10 a ayodini

Muziganiza bwino ndikuchiritsa pamasamba. Uku kuvala bwino ndikutetezedwa kumatenda, komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pakucha zipatso. Njirayi imatha kuchitidwa nthawi yonse yophukira, kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe. Pafupipafupi chithandizo ndi 1 nthawi m'masiku 7-10. M'malo mwa Whey, kugwiritsa ntchito mkaka wa nonfat kumaloledwa.

Momwe mungadyetse mphesa ndi yisiti

Chowonjezera chabwino cha kukula chikuvala pamwamba ndi yisiti:

• 10 L yamadzi ofunda adzafunika thumba la yisiti wowuma ndi 2 tbsp la shuga, lolani osakaniza ndi maola angapo (ikani malo otentha).
• Dulani chimbudzi chanu m'madzi okwanira malita 50 ndi kuthirira chitsamba chachikulu.

Ndikofunika kuphatikiza kuvala koteroko ndi kuvala pamwamba pa chipolopolo. Pondani mapilo anu ndi kuwaza pagulupu.

Momwe mungadyetse mphesa mu Ogasiti kanema:

Inde, kupanga feteleza mphesa ndi ntchito yovuta, imafuna nthawi ndi mphamvu kuchokera kwa wosamalira mundawo. Koma monga mphotho mudzalandira mpesa wathanzi, wokula mwachangu ndi zipatso, womwe udzakhala kunyada kwenikweni.

Momwe mungadyetse mphesa mu yophukira yakucha mipesa itatha kukolola

Kukonzekera nthawi yachisanu yozizira ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri kuti mukolole nyengo yabwino. Kodi kudyetsa mphesa nthawi yachisanu chisanachitike pogona? Kupereka mpesa wakucha ndi zonse zofunika kuzithandiza kuthira feteleza wa phosphorous-potashi.

Phosphate kuvala mphesa pambuyo zipatso:

• Tengani malita 10 a madzi ofunda
• 100 g superphosphate (supuni 5)
• sakanizani bwino, manyowa pansi pa chitsamba 1
• Mukadyetsa, thirirani mbewuyo chambiri

Kudyetsa ndi superphosphate ndikofunikira makamaka nyengo yotentha ndi mvula yotalikilapo, pomwe mpesa ndiyovuta kupsa. Pankhaniyi, simungathe kukonza yankho, koma kungowaza feteleza mu bwalo loyandikira. Mvula iwonso itsuka feteleza kulowa pansi.

Momwe mungadyetse mphesa ndi potashi feteleza m'dzinja

Kudyetsa mphesa ndi potaziyamu m'dzinja, mutakolola, onjezani 50 g (supuni 3) zamchere wa potaziyamu pansi pa chitsamba. Itha kumwazikana mu bwalo loyandikira ndikuthilira kwambiri kuchokera kumwamba. Kapena phatikizani ndi phosphorous yamadzimadzi powonjezera mchere wa potaziyamu ku yankho la superphosphate.

Kuphatikiza apo, musaiwale: ngati nthawi yachilimwe ndi chilimwe mukadyetsa phulusa, imeneyi idzakhala maziko abwino a nyengo yachisanu yopanda zipatso.

Momwe mungadyetse mphesa mutabzala

Mukabzala zitsamba zazing'ono zam'mphepete, ndibwino kuti nthawi yomweyo muyike michere, yomwe ikhale gwero la michere muzaka ziwiri zoyambirira za kukula:

• Tengani 90 g nitroammophoski, sakanizani ndi dothi la dimba m'dzenje lobzala ndikubzala mbewu.

Mavalidwe osavuta oterewa amapereka mwayi kuti mbewu zonse zikhale mphesa: mpesa umakula msanga ndikukula bwino.

Momwe mungadyetsere mphesa zazing'ono mu September

Tchire tating'ono ta mphesa timathandizanso kudyetsa feteleza wa potaziyamu-phosphorous. Tengani 2 tbsp. l superphosphate, 1 tbsp. l mchere wa potaziyamu ndikuwabweretsa youma mu thunthu mozungulira, kusakanikirana ndi pansi. Pambuyo kuthirira kwambiri tikulimbikitsidwa.