Hawthorn ndi mbewu yosatha ya shrub yomwe ndiyabwino kupanga mipanda. Mpanda wokongoletsera wachilengedwewu umafuna kukulitsa ambiri okhala chilimwe ndi olima dimba. Sili ndi zokongola zachilengedwe zokha, komanso chimakhala chotchinga chodalirika kwa alendo osadziwika, komanso chimasunga zinthu zakuthupi. Si chinsinsi kuti zida zomangira zomwe zingagulidwe pomanga mpanda sizotsika mtengo. Kuphatikiza apo, hedge ya hawthorn ikuwonetsetsa kuti malo anu azikhala oyera.
Kufotokozera kwa chomera cha hawthorn
Chikhalidwe chowoneka bwino cha shrub ndi cha banja la Pinki. Khwangwala wopingidwa ndi mitundu yambiri imatha kukula m'madera pafupifupi nyengo iliyonse. Imalekerera chilala ndi chisanu. Kutalika kwa chitsamba kumatha kufikira mamiliyoni asanu ndi atatu. Chikhalidwe chimabwereka bwino kumeta, popeza mumatha kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana yaumbanda ndi zithunzi zokongola zachilendo. Dzuwa la hawthorn, chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa minga, limateteza mundawo kwa alendo osasangalatsa.
M'malo azotentha komanso ziweto zapakhomo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ya hawthorn imakhala yabwino: "Wakuda", "Wofatsa wamba", "Siberian", "Wowoneka ngati Fan". Kuti mupeze hedeni wodalirika komanso wokongola kuchokera kwa hawthorn nokha, muyenera kudutsa magawo atatu akuluakulu: kubzala mbande, kupanga kudulira ndi chisamaliro, kuphatikiza kukonza tsitsi lokongoletsa.
Kubzala mbande za hawthorn
Kusankha mbande
Kuti hawthorn isazike mizu m'malo atsopano, ndikofunikira kugula mbande za zaka zitatu kuti zibzalidwe. Amasinthasintha mosavuta poyerekeza ndi zatsopano. Kuchita kudulira mwachizolowezi, mutha kukwaniritsa zomwe mukufuna mu kukula ndi kusintha kwa mbeu, komanso kupanga mawonekedwe achilengedwe. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, hedara wazaka 20 adzafika kutalika kwamita ziwiri.
Malo owonjezera
Mpanda wochokera ku tchire la hawthorn umakhala wowonda ngati mitengo itamangidwa pakati pa mbande ndikabzalidwa mizere iwiri kapena cheke. Kupanga koteroko kumathandizira mbewu ndikuthandizira kuphukira kwake, komwe kumapangitsa kuti dothi lizikhala lozungulira ndipo, litakula, lifike pafupifupi 1 m.Heverever, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti zitsamba zowuma ngati shrubbery ndi malo abwino ophera tizirombo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti mbewu zazing'onoting'ono zizikhala zotalikirapo kuti mulifupi mwake mulibe kupitirira masentimita 70.
Dothi
Palibe zofunika zapadera pakapangidwe ka dothi mu hawthorn. Itha kumera m'malo ovutirapo, komanso m'malo okhala ndi michere yambiri. Komabe, mukabzala mbande, ndikofunikira kuti zisamalidwe ndi dothi losakaniza mwapadera lomwe lingakhale ndi phindu pa kukula ndi kukula kwa mbewu zazing'ono ndikuthandizira njira yogwiritsira ntchito malo okhala. Zomwe zimapangidwira posakaniza ziyenera kukhala: turf ndi nthaka yamtundu wofanana, peat ndi mchenga.
Njira zopangira
Mukabzala zitsamba mumizere imodzi, m'lifupi mulifupi mbande 50 cm, ndipo mizere iwiri ya mbande imafunikira kutalika kwa mita 1. Mtunda pakati pa tchire lotalika ndi 0,5 mita. Kusakaniza dothi lokonzedwerali kuyenera kuthiridwa mu ngalande ndikubzala mbewu, ndikusiyirani dzenje kuzungulira mmera uliwonse kuchedwetsa kuthirira madzi ndi mvula yachilengedwe.
Kuthirira
Kutsirira kuyenera kuchitika mwadongosolo, makamaka mu chaka choyamba cha moyo wa mmera m'malo atsopano. Ndikokwanira kuthirira mbewu kamodzi pa sabata. Mabowo mozungulira mbande (yomwe imasunga madzi) imapereka chotsekera cha hawthorn ndi chinyezi chofunikira, chomwe ndichofunikira kwambiri pakukula ndi kupulumuka kwa mizu.
Feteleza ndi feteleza
Kudyetsa koyamba kwa mbewu kumachitika chaka chotsatira. Ma feteleza a nayitrogeni ndi abwino. M'chilimwe, kusakaniza kwa superphosphate, mchere wa potaziyamu ndi ammonium sulfate ndikulimbikitsidwa ngati kuvala kwachiwiri kwapamwamba.
Kusamalira dothi
Malo omwe ali pafupi ndi malo olimapo a hawthorn amayenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse ndikumasulidwa kwa udzu womwe ukutuluka, ndipo nthawi yophukira iyenera kukumbidwa kwathunthu pamodzi ndi mbande.
Kudulira komanso kudula mitengo
Zaka zitatu mutabzala m'mbali mwa mbande, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizipangila kudulira. Zitsamba zazing'ono zimayenera kudulidwa kwathunthu, kusiya okha hemp ya kutalika kochepa. Panthawi imeneyi, thunthu mulifupi mwake limafika pafupifupi 1.5-2 cm. Ndondomeko ndiyofunika kuyamba kulima zitsamba mwachangu. M'malo mwa thunthu lokonzedwa, mphukira zambiri zazing'ono zimawonekera mkati mwa chaka, zomwe zidzayamba kupanga korona wowondera ndikukhala maziko a linga m'tsogolo. Nthawi yabwino yokonza ndi Epulo-Meyi.
Pakatha chaka, zimalimbikitsidwa kuchita tsitsi loyamba la nthambi zazing'ono zomwe zimapitilira gawo lalikulu la chitsamba. Njirayi imachitika nthawi yonse yomwe ikukula. Monga zida, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito secateurs kapena ma shears wamba wamba. Choyamba, muyenera kudula nthambi zomwe zimakulitsa kwambiri korona, kenako chitsamba chonse chimakunguliridwa chonse.
Ndikudula pafupipafupi, shrub imakhala ikukula pambuyo pake nthawi yayitali - pafupifupi 60-70 masentimita m'lifupi ndi 1.5 mita kutalika. Kuyambira pano, kudulira mwadongosolo kuyenera kuchitika pamtunda womwewo, kupulumutsa mbewu ku nthambi zazing'ono zomwe zikukula mopitilira malire oyenera. Mwa njira, zitsamba za hawthorn zomwe zimadulira nthawi zonse sizidzaphuka ndi kubereka.
Kukhala ndi chikhumbo chachikulu, kulingalira kwa kulenga komanso zongopeka kuchokera kuzingwe, mutha kupanga mitundu yachilendo ndi nyimbo yonse. Izi zitha kukhala mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a geometric (ozungulira kapena owongoka), ndipo mukakhala ndi talente yayikulu mutha kupanga zithunzithunzi za nyama ndi anthu.
Malamulo posamalira mahedwe
Ntchito feteleza
Mavalidwe apamwamba ayenera kuyikidwa kumapeto kwa chirimwe, chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira. M'zaka zitatu zoyambirira mutabzala, osakaniza humus, peat ndi kompositi mofananamo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka. Nthawi zambiri chidebe cha msanganizo woterowo chimakhala chokwanira mita 1 lalikulu. Zophatikiza michere sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri ndipo ndizochepa pang'onopang'ono mu mawonekedwe a granular.
Mbewuzo zikafika zaka zitatu, njira yothira feteleza imasintha pang'ono. M'dzinja, musanakumbe mtunda komanso kasupe musanatsegule nthaka, ndikofunikira kuyambitsa feteleza wachilengedwe. Chifukwa cha izi, humus, kompositi ndi peat zimasakanizidwa magawo ofanana. Komanso m'miyezi yophukira, tchire zimapatsidwa zokonzekera zomwe zimakhala ndi nayitrogeni, ndipo nthawi yotentha (pafupifupi pakati pa Julayi) - ndi phosphorous-potashi.
Kudulira
Kudulira kumayenera kuchitika pafupipafupi, nyengo yonse yakukula. Pakati pa chilimwe, kudulira komaliza kumachitika. Kukula kwakukulu kwa mabowo a mphukira ndi 30-50% kutalika konse.
Malamulo Othirira
Pakathirira, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda okha ndikulowetsa m'nthaka kokha muzu. Dothi lozungulira thunthu liyenera kumanyowa nthawi zonse, chifukwa hawthorn amakonda kwambiri madzi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira nthawi zonse madzulo.
Kusamalira dothi
Muli pafupipafupi kumasula kwa dothi, kudula kwakanthawi ndi mulching. Kuti mbewu zazing'ono zisaberekeke kumapeto kwa chitsamba pakapita nthawi, ndikofunikira kuti zizikhala zabwino. Kukula kwathunthu ndi kantchito ka hawthorn kumatheka pokhapokha ndi nthaka yopanda thanzi, kuyatsa kokwanira, kuthirira koyenera ndikudula kwakanthawi.
Ubwino wamaunda a hawthorn
- Zikhalidwe zokongoletsera ndi zokongola zachilengedwe zimakwanira bwino kumunda uliwonse. Kuphatikiza ndi mbewu zina, udzuwu umawoneka wogwirizana ndikupanga maziko abwino kwambiri.
- Khwangwala wamkulu amakhala ndi mitengo yolimba komanso nthambi zolimba. Zitsamba zazitali zokhala ndi lashaki, nduwira zowirira komanso zokongola zambiri zowongoka zimakhala chopinga chachikulu kwa nyama ndi anthu. Kutetezedwa kwachilengedwe kotero ndikofunikira kuti tipewe kulowerera kosasangalatsa.
- Hedgerow imakhala malo osungira mbalame zomwe zimakonda kumva ndi kuyimba kwawo kosangalatsa kapena twitter. Imateteza wochotsedwayo kuti asatengeke ndi mpweya wamagalimoto apafupi ndipo ndi njira yodzipatula pagulu.
- Nyumbayi ndiyabwino ndipo imawoneka yosangalatsa komanso yokongola, yeretsani malo ogwiritsira ntchito ndege pamalo akulu, otetezedwa ndi fumbi.
- Udzu wa hawthorn umafunikira ndalama zochepa, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti mugule zinthu zofunikira kubzala, kuphatikiza feteleza komanso kumanga ma trellises. Mosiyana ndi kapangidwe ka mwala kapena mpanda wamatabwa mozungulira wokhalamo, mtengo wa hedolo ndi wochepa kwambiri.
- Nyumba yachilengedwe yofananira ndi chisamaliro choyenera ndi yolimba komanso nthawi zonse. Sadzatha kukalamba kapena kutengera mafashoni. Mwa kusamalira bwino, tchire la hawthorn limatha kukhazikika m'dera lomwelo kwa zaka makumi kapena ngakhale zaka mazana.
Kuti mupeze mipanda yachilengedwe yokongola komanso yokongola kuchokera ku hawthorn, mufunika maluso pang'ono, kupirira, nthawi, komanso, kudekha.
