Zambiri za maudzu olima udzu

Gawo 1. Peonies mabungwe - okondedwa nthawi zonse
Gawo 2. Zomwe zimachitika polimidwa kwa udzu peonies

Masamba a grassy a mitundu yabwino kwambiri ndi amodzi mwa maluwa osakhazikika kwambiri komanso osasinthika. Kulima kwawo ndi kotheka ngakhale kwa wamaluwa wosadziwa, ndipo zofunikira pakukula kwa peonies ndizochepa kwambiri.

Zomwe zili gawo lachiwiri:

• Zofunikira zofunika pa udzu peonies
• Kubzala ma peonies a udzu
• Chinyezi ndi kuthirira zofunika
• Kukonzanso, kudula ndi kusaka tchire
• Kudyetsa masamba a udzu
• Zisanu za chisanu maudzu peonies
• Kuteteza Tizilombo ndi Matenda
• Kufalikira kwa ma peonies a udzu

Zofunikira zofunika pa udzu peonies

Chinthu chachikulu chomwe muyenera kulabadira posankha malo oti mudzalapo peyala la udzu ndi kuwala kokwanira. Zomera zonse zaudzu ndizomera zomwe zimakonda dzuwa, koma zimatha kukhala ndi mthunzi pang'ono masana. Kuwala kosakwanira kumakhudza kuchuluka ndi maluwa, motero peonies ofunda amayikidwa bwino m'malo abwino. Mthunzi, zipatso zosatha izi sizimabala konse, koma chidwi cha chitsamba chimasungidwa nthawi zonse.

Ma peonies amakonda kutetezedwa komanso malo otentha. Mitundu yatsopano yachulukitsa kukana kwa mphukira, osagwa ndi kulemera kwa inflorescence, koma ngakhale iyenera kuyikiridwa kutetezedwa ku malo oyeserera. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti, ngati maluwa, peonies amafunika kuti azikhala ndi mpweya wowuluka mozungulira patchire. Peonies imayikidwa kutali ndi mbewu zazikulu, nyumba, zinthu zazing'ono zomangidwe - kuti mbewu zikule ndikupuma momasuka.

Nthaka ya peonies ndiyosankhidwa bwino pakati pa magawo achonde ndi opanga bwino. Mafuta ndioyenererana bwino ndi ma perennials awa - otayirira, achonde, atsopano (kapena osakhala ouma kwambiri). Ma gronies peonies amakonda pang'ono zamchere kapena kusachita nawo ndale (momwe pH yolondola imayambira pa 6 mpaka 6.5).

Zomera zimatha kukhala pang'ono ndi acidic, koma osati acidic nthaka, zomwe zimatha kusinthidwa pasadakhale powonjezera laimu. Peonies sangathe kuyimirira, sangakhale malo abwino okhala ndi madzi apansi, malo otsika, malo omwe kumakhala ngozi ya madzi kasupe. Dothi lokhazikika la osatha siligwira ntchito.

Kubzala ma peonies a udzu

Kukonzekera koyambirira kwa nthaka kumachitika milungu ingapo kapena mwezi musanabzale mbande. Pa dothi labwino kwambiri la peonies, kukumba kokwanira ndikugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zachilengedwe m'nthaka (mbewu sizimakonda manyowa, kotero kompositi kapena tsamba humus limawonjezeredwa panthaka). Koma nthawi zambiri dothi lobzala peonies liyenera kukonzedwa moyenera.

Pali zosankha zambiri pokonzekera zosakanikirana zapansi panthaka, chilichonse chimapatsa peonies chakudya chokwanira komanso mawonekedwe oyenera a nthaka:

1. Dothi lochotsedwa mu maenje obzala limasakanikirana mofanana ndi kompositi, peat ndi mchenga, ndikuwaphatikiza ndi gawo limodzi la feteleza wamafuta kapena phosphorous-potaziyamu wolimbikitsidwa ndi wopanga, phulusa lamatabwa ochepa. Ngati ndi kotheka, sinthani kapangidwe ka dothi ndi zowonjezera zadothi kapena zamchenga.
2. Maenje obzala amadzazidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosakanikirana: hafu kapena magawo awiri pa atatu a kutalika, chisakanizo cha dothi la m'munda ndi mchenga, peat, humus, zotengedwa chimodzimodzi zimatsanulidwa mu dzenje lobzala, ndikuwonjezera kawiri superphosphate kuti iwonjezere zakudya kuchuluka kwa ufa wamfupa), iron sulfate (wokwanira supuni pama bowo okumba), phulusa lamatabwa (ochepa dzanja kapena magalasi atatu) ndi potaziyamu kabati (theka la supuni). Kufika pamwamba, dzenje lobzala limadzazidwa ndi dimba wamba la dimba lopanda zodetsa.
3. Dzenje lobzala limadzaza pamwamba pa ngalandeyo ndi dothi losakanikirana la kompositi, humus ndi magawo awiri a feteleza wamamineral omwe amatalika 20-30 cm, ndipo pobzala ndikudzaza maenje obzala, nthaka wamba imagwiritsidwa ntchito, pomwe feteleza zachilengedwe zimawonjezeredwa.

Popeza kukula kwa phokoso komanso kusakomera kwa chomera chovulala muzu, kubzala maenje a udzu peonies kukumba komanso kubzala mitengo yayikulu ndi zitsamba - pafupifupi 60-70 cm mulifupi ndi kuya. Pa dothi lonyowa kapena m'malo omwe kuli ngozi ya madzi, malo okumbika akulu (osachepera 20 cm) amaikidwa pansi pa maenje obzala.

Maenje obzala amadzazidwa ndi zosakanikirana zosankhidwa, zomwe zimawalola kuti achepetse ndikukhazikika asanabzala. Ngati kukonzekera koyambirira sikunachitike pa nthawi yake, ndiye pakudzaza maenje obzala, ndikofunikira kuthira ndi kupukutira zigawozo kuti popewa nthaka popewa.

Kubzala nthawi yamaluwa kumakhala kochepa chifukwa cha nyengo yoyambirira ya maluwa ndi kufa kwa malo obisika kumtunda. Zomera amazika pokhapokha maluwa ndi kucha kwa masamba a kukonzanso ndi zipatso, kumayambiriro kwa kugwa (zaka zana zoyambirira za Seputembala) kapena kumapeto kwa Ogasiti.

Mtunda woyandikira kwa ma peonies a nyemba ndi osachepera mita 1. Kotalika mtunda woterowo amalola tchire kutukuka momasuka, kutipindika, kuwapanga kukhala owoneka bwino, okongola komanso owoneka bwino.

Peonies sindimakonda kufalikira, chifukwa chake kusamala, kusamalira bwino mizu mukabzala tchire latsopano ndiye chinsinsi cha thanzi lawo komanso moyo wautali. Zomera zimayikidwa pamchinga pamchenga kuti pambuyo poti dothi lithe kuzika pang'ono, ndikuyang'ana kwambiri masamba: ziyenera kupezeka 3-5 masentimita pansi pa nthaka. Kukhazikika mwakuchulukirapo kudzapangitsa kuti pakhale kusakhala kwamaluwa ndi zovuta za chomera, ndipo kubzala pamwamba kumakulitsa chiopsezo cha kuzizira.

Nthawi zambiri, mbewu zimabzalidwe panthaka kapena pang'ono, zomwe, mutadzaza maenje ndi dothi, kuthirira ndi shrinkage, zimakupatsani mphamvu yakuzama. Mukabzala, nthaka imawonjezeredwa mosamala ndi kupangidwira pamanja kuti pasakhale voids pakati pa mizu.

Peonies obzalidwa ndi miyambo yambiri kuthirira. Ndi isanayambike chisanu chokhazikika, mbewu zimadulira mulch nthawi yozizira.

Rhizome wa chitsamba chokalamba cha peony.

Chinyezi ndi kuthirira zofunika

Ma gronies peonies ndi okhazikika komanso osazindikira, amafuna kuthirira kochepa panthawi yamaluwa.

M'malo mwake, pali mitundu iwiri yokha yothirira:

1. kumapeto kwa Juni, kuthirira kumalola masamba kuti apange masamba apamwamba kwambiri;
2. kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, kuthirira kumalimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu yolimba yopambana.

Koma ngati zingatheke, simungangokhala ndi madzi awiri okha. Kuthirira pa siteji ya budding ndi maluwa, komanso nthawi yogwira masamba, kumakupatsani mwayi wophukira kwambiri. Kutsirira kumachitika pokhapokha chilala, kulipiritsa osakwanira mpweya wachilengedwe.

Zomera sizilekerera kuthirira kwamadzi, kusayenda kwa madzi, chifukwa chake, kuthirira kamodzi pakukonzekera mlungu ndikokwanira. Pambuyo maluwa, peonies sangathe kuthiriridwa madzi, koma njira zowonjezerazi zimakupatsani mwayi wopitilira zokongoletsera zazitali motalika. Chachikulu ndichakuti musachite mopambanitsa.

Mukamayendetsa kuthirira kulikonse kwa peonies peyala, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti dothi lanyowetsedwa mpaka mizu yathunthu. Nthawi zambiri pachitsamba chilichonse timafunika kugwiritsa ntchito malita 10 osachepera, koma zidebe ziwiri za madzi. Peonies amathiriridwa madzi okha madzulo, pamasiku otentha kwambiri usiku, osati madzi ozizira. Kutsirira kumatha kukhala kosavuta mwa kuwonjezera kuyika kulumikizana kwa "banga" kuthirira pansi pazu kapena ndikupanga mabowo othirira.

Kukonzanso, kudula ndi kusaka tchire

Ma gronies peonies ndi cholimba, chitha kukondweretsa kwa zaka makumi ambiri, koma chifukwa cha kukula ndi kukula, mtundu wa maluwa awo umakulirakulira ndi ukalamba, monga lamulo, umayamba kuvutika pamabasi okalamba kuposa zaka 7-10. Mabasi a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya udzu amagawika pafupipafupi, nthawi imodzi muzaka 5-8. Kulekanitsa tchire kumachitika kumapeto kwa chirimwe kapena koyambilira kwa nyundo.

Zosiyanasiyana zam'miyendo yokhala ndi mphukira zosakhazikika, komanso tchire lomwe limamera m'malo otseguka, ndikuyambira kwamaluwa pansi pa kulemera kwa mitu popanda garter ya nthawi yake, kugwera mwachangu, kutaya kukopa. Maluwa okongola atagona pansi - mawonekedwe osakhala osangalatsa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, kumayambiriro kwa kukula kwa miyendo ndi paudzu wa maluwa, masisitimuwo amamangidwa kuti asalole nthambi kuti zigwadire, zigwadire, kuthyoka.

Pali mathandizi apadera pachitsamba kuti chigulitsidwe, koma peonies imatha kumangirizidwa ndi zikhomo zosavuta zomwe zayikidwa kuzungulira tchire, ndikumata chitsamba mozungulira chitsambacho ndi twine wofewa kapena zingwe pa siteji ya budding ndikukweza bwalo pamene maluwa akutulutsa maluwa ndi mapesi maluwa.

Chithandizo kuti tchire lisanduke.

Kuchotsa maluwa kuchokera ku peonies kumachitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kutengera ngati maluwawo adadulidwa m'maluwa kapena kumanzere pachitsamba kuwulula kukongoletsa kwathunthu:

1. Nthambi zimadulidwa m'maluwa asanaphuke, atapanga utoto wakunja mumtundu wamitundu - yosavuta komanso yamitundu iwiri, kapena atatsegula, ndikugwetsa pansi pamitunduyo - m'mitundu yambiri. Udzu uliwonse wamaluwa sungachotse theka la maluwa onse, chifukwa kudulira mphukira zonse kumayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa kuyika masamba opatsanso mphamvu. Dulani maluwa okhala ndi miyendo mpaka 40 cm, onetsetsani kuti mwasiya mphukira ndi masamba 2-3 kuthengo. Peonies imadulidwa m'mawa kwambiri, pakakhala masiku abwino, nthawi yomweyo kuyika maluwa m'madzi ndi ozizira. Kwa maluwa, magawo amasinthidwa pansi pamadzi.
2. Kuti mupeze maluwa okulirapo komanso abwinoko, masamba am'mphepete amatha kuchotsedwa, ndikusiya yokhayo yapakatikati.
3. Maluwa otha kucheka maluwa atadulidwa. Ndikosatheka kusiya maluwa owala pach chitsamba, chifukwa izi zimawonjezera chiwopsezo cha kufalikira kwa matenda ndi kufalikira kwa mbewu. Ngati mukufuna kuti mbewu zipse, ndiye kuti maluwa awiri oyambirira adatsala pachitsamba, ndikuchotsa enawo. Kudula matalala odziwika kumachitika osati kumunsi, koma kusiya masamba omwe ali ndi mphukira kuti apange masamba.
4. Patsamba zatsopano za peony, zaka ziwiri zoyambirira mutabzala, sikuli bwino kulola maluwa kuti apange ma rhizomes amphamvu ndi masamba obwezeretsa mwamphamvu.

Kudulira chisanachitike nyengo yachisanu ndi chiyeso chofunikira. Koma simuyenera kuzichita posachedwa. Kudulira kwa tchire la peony liyenera kuchedwetsa mpaka isanakhazikike chisanu. Zomera, mbali zonse za mlengalenga zimachotsedwa, ndikusiya hemp 3-4 masentimita pamwamba pa masamba a kukonzanso, pafupifupi pamlingo wa dothi. Onse odula mbali za udzu amawotchedwa osasiya chiwembucho osagwiritsa ntchito manyowa. Ndikofunika kuwaza zotsalira za chitsamba ndi phulusa lamatabwa kuti matenda asafalikire.

Kudyetsa masamba a udzu

Kuti mbewuyo isangalale ndi maluwa ambiri, kuti iwonetse mitundu yakeyonse, ndikofunikira kubwezeretsanso michere m'nthaka. Ma peonies a Grassy amadyetsedwa malinga ndi njira yomwe mbewu zonse zimakhalira maluwa, ndikuwonjezera zovala zitatu zapamwamba pamsika:

1. Kumayambiriro kwa yogwira kukula. Kwa kudya koyamba, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni kuti mulimbikitse kukula kwa mphukira ndi masamba.
2. Pa siteji ya budding. Pa chovala chachiwiri chapamwamba, feteleza wathunthu wama mineral amagwiritsidwa ntchito muyezo wofanana.
3. Pa nsonga ya maluwa. Chovala chapamwamba ichi chimasinthidwa ndi njira ziwiri - kumayambiriro kwa kutulutsa maluwa koyambirira ndikutha maluwa. Mwa mavalidwe apamwamba awa, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa phosphorous-potaziyamu.

Ngati ma peonies a udzu mwadzalidwa kuti adzalime kapena mitundu yokhala ndi zovuta zosadziwika bwino nthawi yachisanu mwadzala, ndiye kuti mmalo mwa mavalidwe apamwamba apamwamba, mutha kudyetsa kumayambiriro kwa kukula ndi nayitrogeni kapena feteleza wathunthu, mu June ndi feteleza wachilengedwe kapena wathunthu ndipo mu September ndi feteleza wa potaziyamu ndi phosphate.

Kukongola kwa inflorescence komanso chikhalidwe cha mbewu zimakhudzidwa bwino ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kukula kwa owongolera komanso kuvala zovala zapamwamba. Njira zoterezi zimachitika mchilimwe osati zoposa 1 nthawi pamwezi. Zomera zing'onozing'ono zimakonda kuvala bwino povala zovala zapamwamba.

Chitsamba chaching'ono cha udzu wa udzu.

Kuphatikiza pa machitidwe oyang'anira chisamaliro, njira zingapo za agrotechnical ziyenera kuphatikizidwa mu pulogalamu yosamalira udzu:

1. mulching nthaka, ndikukakamizanso kukonzanso kwa mulch wosanjikiza kasupe (ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe kapena chisakanizo cha dziko lapansi komanso chamoyo chokhala ndi masentimita 10);
2. Kupalira;
3. amasula dothi kuti lisungidwe madzi, zomwe ndi zofunika kuchita ukadzathirira kapena kugwa kwamvula yambiri.

Zisanu za chisanu maudzu peonies

Ngakhale kuti maluwa a m'munda amaonedwa ngati mbewu yolimba yozizira, munthu asaiwale kuti kubwezeretsanso masamba ake kuli kumtunda ndipo sikutetezedwa ndi dothi lokwanira. Peonies nthawi yozizira imangokhala m'chipale chofewa, motero ndibwino kuchitapo kanthu panthawi yake ndikukhazikitsa pogona pabwino yomwe imatsimikizira kuti nyengo yozizira imayenda bwino ngakhale nthawi yopanda chisanu.

Kwa peonies, ndi owopsa pakuwotcha, chifukwa sagwiritsa ntchito masamba kapena udzu pogona. Ndikofunika kupanga danga lonyowa la peat kapena manyowa kompositi pamwamba pa tchire komwe amakonzera dzinja (osachepera - 5-7 cm). Koma malo oterewa amawona kuti ndioyenera kwa achichepere ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya peonies, kuwonjezerapo komwe (m'mbuyomu) sikudziwika. Zomera zomwe zimagulidwa ku nazale m'deralo sizingatheke kuphimba.

Chapakatikati, simuyenera kufulumira kuchotsa zigawo za mulch: pobisalira zimachotsedwa pokhapokha kuwoneka ngati mphukira zofiira komanso kuyambira kwa mphukira. Kuchotsa pogona kuyenera kuchitika mosamala, chifukwa masamba amatchetcha ndi osalimba. Mukachotsa pogona, dothi lozungulira chitsamba liyenera kumasulidwa.

Kudulira masamba a chisanu.

Kuteteza Tizilombo ndi Matenda

Gray rot imakonda kupezeka paminda ya udzu, yomwe imadziwika kuti ndiyomwe imapangitsa kuti izi zitheke. Kupatuka pang'ono m'dothi kumapangidwe, acid reaction kapena nitrogen yowonjezera kumakulitsa chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa tchire. Koma kuphatikiza imvi zowola, pa masamba a udzu, matenda wamba am'munda sakhala osowa - kuyambira mawanga mpaka tsinde ndi zowola, mpunga wa ufa ndi dzimbiri.

Kwa mitundu yosakhazikika yam'mera wa udzu, njira yodalirika kwambiri yopewa mavuto ndi kupewa nthawi komanso nthawi. Chithandizo chokwanira pachaka ndi yankho la sulfate yamkuwa (kuchokera ku dzimbiri - ndi msanganizo wowoneka bwino, kuchokera ku ufa wa powdery ndi colloidal sulfure) kapena waukadaulo wazakudya kuteteza mbewu ku matenda. Kulimbana pa tchire lomwe tili ndi kachilombo ndi njira yayitali ndipo nthawi zonse siyabwino. Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, chithandizo chamankhwala chokhala ndi fungicides ndi mankhwala othandizira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mtsogolo ndizofunikira.

Tizilombo pa maudzu a udzu sakhala wamba. Koma nsabwe za m'masamba, nkhupakupa ndi kupindika sizingavulaze kuposa matenda. Ndikwabwino kulimbana ndi tizirombo tothandizirana ndi kuphatikiza tizirombo timene timayambitsa ndi magwiridwe antchito ndi omwe amapanga.

Kufalikira kwa ma peonies a udzu

Monga masamba ena aliwonse, mitundu ya udzu peonies imatha kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu ndi njira zamasamba.

Njira yosavuta yopezera ana a udzu peonies, ndikusunga machitidwe onse a mbewu yoyambirira, ndikukonzanso tchire ndi kupatukana komwe kwakonzedwa.Ndiwo ma peya a udzu okha omwe amalekanitsidwa, momwe mphukira 7 zodzaza ndi 7 zimayamba ndipo pachimake padakhala zaka zingapo.

Nthawi yoyenera yopatukana ikugwirizana ndi tsiku lomwe adatumiza - kuchokera theka lachiwiri la Ogasiti mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala. Musanayambe kukumba, ndikofunikira kudula mphukira zonse za chomeracho, osasiya lalifupi kwambiri, lalitali pafupifupi 15 masentimita, kuchokera kumapeto onse.

Kupatukana kwa chitsamba cha udzu.

Mchitidwewo pawokha umasinthidwa pang'ono ndi kusokonekera kwa mizu ya pions:

1. Tchire amakumbidwa mosamala, ndi mtanda waukulu wamatope, kuyesera kuti tisawononge mizu yaying'ono ndi yachikale. Ndikofunika kutulutsa chitsamba, ndikuyamba kuchikumbira pang'onopang'ono, kenako ndikuchotsa dengu lalikulu kwambiri.
2. Kutengera dothi lomwe limakhala, limagwedezeka pang'ono kapena kutsukidwa ndimtsinje wodekha, ndikuwonetsa pang'onopang'ono poyang'ana. Pambuyo pochotsa dothi lalikulu, chitsamba chimasunthidwa mosamala ndikusiyidwa kuti ziume kwa maola angapo.
3. Chitsamba chouma chokhala ndi mpeni wakuthwa kapena chida china chakuthwa chimagawika kuti pafupifupi mphukira 2-3, masamba atatu okonzanso ndi mizu yatsopano yolimba zigwiritsidwe gawo lirilonse (kukula koyenera kwa phokoso lolekanalo ndi pafupifupi masentimita 10-15). Onse akulu komanso ang'onoang'ono Delenki, monga tchire lonse, samazika mizu komanso amafunikira chisamaliro.
4. Gawoli lirilonse limayesedwa, ndikuchotsa zigawo zowonongeka za mizu. Magawo onse ndi yopumira pamtengowo iyenera kuthandizidwa ndi phulusa kapena kukonzekera kwapadera pochiza mabala. Pamaso kubzala, ndibwino kuti zilowerere mbewuzo pamavuto a fungicides, kenako ndikuzika mizu yolimbikitsira, koma chithandizo chotere sichimawerengedwa ngati chovomerezeka. Kuwukha kumachitika musanadule.
5. Kudzala kwa ma peonies a udzu kumachitika malinga ndi malamulo omwewo monga kubzala kwa peonies ambiri. Zomera zopatulidwa kumapeto kwa chilimwe zimamera bwino ndikukula, koma zimaphukira mchaka chachiwiri kapena chachitatu pambuyo paziika (ngakhale tchire limatulutsa maluwa mchaka choyamba kapena chachiwiri, ndibwino kuti asazilole, kuti mchaka chachitatu zichuluke ndikuchulukirachulukira) maluwa).

Ma gronies peonies amawonjezeredwanso mwanjira ina yamasamba - ndi mizu yodulidwa kapena ndi zimayambira payekha ndi masamba ndi mizu. Tchire laling'ono la rhizome lokhala ndi mphukira imodzi kumunsi kwa mphukira imodzi imasiyanitsidwa ndi tchire. Njirayi imachitidwa bwino osati koyambilira kwa nyundo, koma mu Julayi, kufupikitsa mphukira mpaka masamba awiri mpaka atatu.

Mizu yokhazikika, ngati zodulidwa wamba pamabedi ogulira (wopanda chipewa, koma ndi chisamaliro chokhazikika). M'nyengo yozizira, mbewu zimakutidwa ndi mulch wosanjikiza, kenako zimamera peonies kwa zaka zingapo, zikulandirira maluwa okha chaka chachisanu mutatha kuzika mizu.

Kubzala mbewu ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha posankha udzu ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kawirikawiri m'minda yamtundu (mosiyana ndi mitengo yofananira ndi mitengo yazomera). Koma ngati mukufuna kuyesa dzanja lanu pakubala zipatso zatsopano, ndiye kuti kufesa ndibwino kuchititsa nyengo yachisanu. Peonies pachimake mu chaka chachinayi kapena chachisanu.

Gawo loyamba lazinthu: Ma gronies peonies ndimakonda nthawi zonse