Mu 1755, katswiri wotchuka kwambiri wazomera Kral Linnaeus adalemba nkhani yake yodziwika yotchedwa "Somnus plantarum" ("The Dream of Plants"), pomwe adafotokoza zotsatira zake pazaka zambiri pofotokoza momwe ndi chifukwa chake maluwa amafotokozedwera. Kutsekeka kwamakedzana kumalepheretsa mungu kuti usanyowe mame akaoneka, ndipo pambuyo poti duma, mafutawo atsegulidwa, zomwe zimapatsa tizilombo mwayi wofika mungu. tsiku, koma ena zomera, ndi chakachi chitadutsa.
Carl Linnaeus Flower ClockKuwona kumeneku kunapangitsa kuti mfumu ya mabotolo (monga ophunzira ake ndi anzawo amutchere Karl Linnaeus) apange wotchi yamaluwa: bwalo logawika m'magawo angapo ndi mbewu zomwe zimaphuka ndikutseka nthawi zina masana. Mawotchi otentha oterowo adamupanga m'munda wake wotchuka wa botanical ku Uppsala. Nditamva izi, ndinayendera dimba ndi malo osungiramo zinthu zakalezi zisanachitike intaneti, ndikuyembekeza kuwona chozizwitsa ichi ndi maso anga, koma ndinakhumudwitsidwa, mpaka pano, mawotchi otchuka a maluwa sanasungidwebe.
Kodi maluwa otchuka a Carl Linnaeus adakonzedwa bwanji?
Tiyeni tiyese kuzindikira. Atalenga, adafotokozera chipangizochi mu buku lake lina lotchuka la Philosophy of Botany mu 1751. Mndandanda wazomera za masamba a Linnaean omwe amafalitsidwa nthawi zambiri pa intaneti, omwe nthawi zambiri amafalitsidwa pa intaneti, sizolondola konse ayi; akuwonetsa malingaliro a katswiri wina wodziwika bwino wa botanist wa Uppsala Garden Zaka zana la 19 mu The Natural History of Plants. Kerner adachulukitsa mitundu ya mitundu 6 mozama. Chifukwa chake kuphatikiza kosiyanasiyana kwa mitundu 60 iyi (momwe mumakhala ngakhale cacti!) Mukuyenda pa intaneti. Koma Kerner adangopereka malingaliro angowonjezera pazokongoletsa zamaluwa! Dongosolo loyambirira la Linnaeus ndipo, koposa zonse, kukhazikitsidwa kwake kogwira ntchito kunali kosiyana.
Mawonekedwe a maluwa a Karl Linney ndi awa:
| Chikhalidwe | Kuwulula | Kutseka | |
| M'mawa | Wofesa mbuzi | Maola 3-5 | - |
| Chic chic wamba, kachilomboka owawa, Hawk | 4-5 | - | |
| Daylily bulauni-chikasu, poppy single-tsinde, munda nkhuni | 5 | - | |
| Magawo atatu otsatizana, Dandelion officinalis | 5-6 | - | |
| Umbrella hawk, panicle panicle | 6 | - | |
| Tsitsi lotuwa, Bzalani nthula | 6-7 | - | |
| Corolla nthambi, Kufesa letesi, Kulaba mwachidule, kakombo Wamadzi oyera | 7 | - | |
| Mesembryantemum womangidwa | 7-8 | - | |
| Mtoto wanthawi zonse (munda wa Anagalis), Scion clove, Hawk Ushkovaya, Bindweed | 8 | - | |
| Dandelion yamankhwala | - | 8-10 | |
| Munda wa Calendula, Munda wa Carnation | 9 | - | |
| Red gerbil | 9-10 | - | |
| Wofesa mbuzi | - | 9-10 | |
| Wamba chicory, Kufesa letesi, Field nkhumba | - | 10 | |
| Crystal mesembryantemum | 10-11 | - | |
| Skerda Alpine | - | 11 | |
| Bzalani Thistle | - | 11-12 | |
| Munda Calendula | - | 12 | |
| Tsiku | Carnation ndi munda, Carnation ndi munda | - | 13 |
| Scherda ofiira | - | 13-14 | |
| Hawk Ushkova | - | 14 | |
| Red gerbil | - | 14-15 | |
| Crystal mesembryantemum | - | 14-16 | |
| Kulaba mwachidule | - | 15 | |
| Corolla nthambi, Hawk wamtundu | - | 15-16 | |
| Kusunga | - | 16 | |
| Pancake panicle | - | 16-17 | |
| Umbrella hawk, kakombo wamadzi oyera, Iwalani-ine-ayi | - | 17 | |
| Madzulo | Geranium ndi zachisoni | 18 | - |
| Poppy osakwatiwa | - | 19 | |
| Brown-chikasu daylily, Rosehip | - | 19-20 | |
| Usiku | Kislitsa | - | 21 |
| Maluwa otulutsa tulo | 21-22 | - | |
Timapereka nthawi yotsegulira ndi kutseka ku Uppsala, pamodzi ndi mzinda uno ku Innsbruck, a Linnaeus adalimbikitsa maulonda ena angapo. Kusuntha kwapakati pakutseguka ndi maola awiri pambuyo pake, kutseka ndi 2-3. Manambala ena amachititsa manyazi, mwachitsanzo, dandelion, imatseka posachedwa (chifukwa cha chilungamo, ku Innsbruck ili kale 16-16). Koma izi zinali chiyambi chabe, maluwa oyamba kumene.
Mawotchi a Linnea pa "Island of Flowers" Mainau (Germany). © mainauPambuyo pake, mawotchi amaluwa adapangidwa m'minda ndi mapaki ambiri azomera. Odziwika kwambiri - kumene ku Switzerland, ali ku Moscow, pa Poklonnaya Hill. Mu likulu la United Arab Emirates, mawotchi akuluakulu kwambiri (mphatso yochokera ku mapasa a Geneva) adatsegulidwa posachedwa. Awa ndi buku la Aswiss malinga ndi nyengo yakwanuko.
Kodi mungapangire bwanji wotchi yamaluwa ndi manja anu?
Ndiyenera kunena kuti kupanga maluwa enieni ndi bizinesi yovuta. Sizothandiza pachabe kuti nthawi zambiri wotchi yamaluwa imakhala wotchi wamba ngati manja, yokhala ndi maluwa okhaokha. Koma mutha kupanga maulonda enieni a maluwa nokha, makamaka popeza kulenga kwawo ndi njira yosangalatsa yomwe imapatsa chisangalalo powona ndi kulumikizana ndi chilengedwe osati akulu okha, komanso kwa ana anu, ngati mumachita nawo limodzi.
Mawotchi mawotchi osungira maluwa ku Geneva © Emma KrasovChifukwa chake, choyamba, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mbewu zomwe zalimbikitsidwa komanso nthawi yotsegulira m'mabuku komanso pa intaneti ndizongowonjezera komanso zimadalira kwambiri kutalika ndi kutalika, komanso mikhalidwe ya mdera lanu. Ndipo nthawi zambiri kuposa izi, zonse zimapangidwa mulu, momwe mungaphatikizire ndikubzala pamodzi, mwachitsanzo, kakombo woyera wamadzi ndi galu atamera?
Chifukwa chake, ndikwabwino kuyesa mawonekedwe ndi nthawi magawo ake. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani nsanja yaying'ono yozungulira (bwino matailosi, koma bwalo lomwe lasonyezedwa pa udzu ndiloyeneranso). Pakati, khazikitsani ndodo yayitali yopyapyala, imaponyera mthunzi. Pazungulira, sonyezani nthawi yomwe mthunzi ugwera, ndibwino kuyambira 6 am mpaka 8 pm, chifukwa sundial sidzagwira ntchito usiku, kuyika ofuna pano m'miphika. Kuwona nthawi yeniyeni yotsegulira ndikatseka maluwa kwa masabata angapo, kusuntha mapoto, mutha kusankha nthawi yomwe ikugwirizana ndi tsamba lanu. Kumbukirani kuti nyengo zamvula ndi mvula pomwe zimasintha.
Pomaliza, tikuwonetsa mndandanda wa ofuna kuyika maluwa pamitundu yofalikira yazipatso zamakono zaku Russia ndi mayiko a European CIS.
Kuwulula: meadow mbuzi-woweta mbuzi (3-5 maola), duwa lamtchire, zodzaza padenga, poppy, chicory, mpiru (4-5), dambo ndi dimba kufesa nthula, tsiku lofiira, dandelion (5-6), akuba, minda yobzala nthula, beetroot, mbatata, fulakesi 6-7), dimba lactuk, misozi ya cuckoo (7), utoto wa nthawi zonse, utoto wamitundu itatu (7-8), womangidwa (8), maunda a m'munda, phula, marigolds (9), torichen, mayi ndi mayi wopeza, chicory - kwachiwiri (17-18), fodya onunkhira (19-20), usiku wa violet, chikondi cha masamba awiri (21-22).
Kutseka: masamba letesi, dambo ndi dimba kubzala nthula (11-12), kambuku wam'munda wa hawthorn (13-14), poppy, chicory, mbatata (14-15), phokoso laubweya, utoto wamitundu itatu, phula, toric (15-16), fulakesi (16-17) marigolds, iwalle-me-nots (17-18), ananyamuka m'chiuno (19-20), wowawasa (21).
