Mahatchi abowa akuimira banja la Barberry. Dera Lachilatini la shrub wokongola ndi Mahonia aquifolium. Choyimira chobiriwirachi chomera sichiopa nyengo yozizira ndipo chimalekerera chipale chofewa. Chikhalidwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu ndi opanga mawonekedwe a malo pakupanga madera osiyanasiyana. Chitsamba chimawoneka ngati chachikulu muudzu wazikongoletso.
Kufotokozera kwamasamba
Chitsamba ichi chomwe chinakopa anthu ambiri kubwera kwa ife kuchokera ku North America, komwe chimatchedwa "Oregon mphesa". Izi ndichifukwa choti nkhokwe zake zidapezeka kale ku California ndi Oregon.
Mwachilengedwe, pali mitundu yoposa 50 ya chikhalidwe.
Kutalika kwa magoni a phompho ndizodabwitsa. Imatha kukula mpaka mamita awiri. Chomera chimakhala ndi masamba okongola kwambiri achikopa ndi ma sheen osangalatsa, omwe nthawi yonse yotentha amasangalala ndi mtundu wake wobiriwira wobiriwira, ndipo pakugwa kwawo amasintha kukhala mtundu wofiirira wofiirira.
Tchire sikuti ndi masamba okongola okha, komanso maluwa. M'mwezi wa Meyi, nkhono za mahoni zimakutidwa ndi zipewa zonse kuchokera kumaluwa amtundu wachikasu, omwe amatengedwa mu inflorescence ngati burashi. Amafalitsa fungo labwino, kotero kuti njuchi ndi tizilombo tina tizingokhalira kuzomera. Mukamakula bwino, masamba a shrub amatulutsa kawiri pachaka.
Maluwa okuluwika akusinthidwa ndi zipatso zingapo. Zipatso za buluu zomwe zimakhala ndi pachimake chimabindikira chitsamba ndikuchikongoletsa chake kwa miyezi ingapo. Zipatsozo ndizakudya, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala kuti achepetse magazi, ndipo kunyumba amathanso kuphika ma compotes kuchokera kwa iwo.
Popeza mmera udagundidwa, kuti mapangidwe azipatso abzala zipatso ziwiri pamalowo.
M'minda yolima, kuphatikiza pa ma holly magonia, mitundu yotsatirayi ndiyodziwika:
- mtedza;
- golide;
- zachisomo;
- motley.
Zonsezi zimasiyana kukula kwake komanso mawonekedwe ake. M'tchire la magonium, masamba a golide ali ndi chithunzi chachikaso, ndipo ma mbale ojambulidwa amakhala ndi malire oyera. Mitundu yonseyi imawoneka bwino ndikusinthana ndi mawonekedwe okongola.
Maganizo a Holly: kusamalira ndi kulima
Evergreen ndi chiwindi chachitali. Ndi kulima koyenera komanso chisamaliro, holly mahonium yakhala ikusangalatsa eni ake kwa zaka zambiri.
Tikufika
Pansi pazachilengedwe, nthumwi iyi imayimira mthunzi wamitengo yayitali choncho sakonda dzuwa kwambiri. Pakubzala paddybear magonia ndibwino kusankha malo amdima. Kuwala kwamdzuwa kumatha kuyambitsa kupsa pamasamba, chifukwa chitha kutaya mawonekedwe okongola, chitsamba sichitha bwino.
Dothi
Zomwe zikuchitika dzikolo sizovuta. Chitsamba chimamera mwakachetechete pamadothi osalala. Kuti mubzale, kukumba mabowo akuya masentimita 50. Mapangidwe abzalidwe, kusiya mipata ya mita imodzi mpaka ziwiri. Chofunikira sichikuzama kuzama khosi. Kubzala tchire kumaloledwa nthawi iliyonse pachaka, kupatula kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, pomwe mbewu ikukonzekera kupuma.
Kuthirira
Holly mugonia amakonda madzi. Ndikofunikira kuthirira zithunthu zake nthawi zonse. Kuti chinyezi chisasanduke msanga, ndi bwino kuyika dimba mozungulira mbewuyo. Ndikofunika kuchita mwatsatanetsatane kupopera masamba ndi masamba ndi madzi amtundu kapena mafeteleza apadera. Kavalidwe kabwinoko koteroko kumakhala kopindulitsa chifukwa chamatsenga.
Kumeta tsitsi
Kudulira kwa mphukira kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa kasupe musanayambe kayendedwe ka madzi. Malingaliro achikulire okha omwe ali ndi zaka zopitilira 10 ndi omwe amadulidwa. Kutchetcha kumathandizira kupereka mawonekedwe abwino kwa zomera zachikulire, zophukira zambiri. Nthambizo zosaphika zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kudula.
Chitsamba chabwino kwambiri chimayamba kufooka pang'ono.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Kuti chomera chikhale ndi mawonekedwe abwino komanso mawonekedwe, ndikofunikira kuthira manyowa mwadongosolo. Mutha kuwaza masamba ake nthawi yonse yofunda ndi zosokoneza pamwezi. Kuvala kwamizu kumachitika mchaka. Pachifukwachi, feteleza wachilengedwe wazinthu zovuta kuti amwazike pansi pamtengo.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Magonia ndi imodzi mwazomera zomwe zimagwirizana ndi matenda, koma sizotheka nthawi zonse kuzipewa. Imatha kutengeka kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe a mawanga, dzimbiri, nyemba za ufa. Popewa kukula kwa izi matenda, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kukonzekera pogwiritsa ntchito mkuwa kuyenera kuchitika. Chifukwa cha izi, osakaniza a 200 g a sopo wobiriwira ndi 20 g yamkuwa sulphate amasungunuka 10 malita a madzi. Bordeaux madzi nawonso ali oyenera.
Powdery mildew imakwirira masamba okongola onyezimira ndi mphukira za mahonia ndi zokutira zoyera. Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, chitsamba chimatsukidwa kawiri pamwezi ndi Fundazole kapena Callatan. Njira zotchedwa sulufulezi zomwe zimapangidwa zimagwira ntchito yabwino kwambiri ndi dzimbiri. Popewa, mutha kuchiza zitsamba mchaka ndi Tsineb. Ngati dzimbiri layamba kusokoneza ma mbale, amachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo popewa kufalikira kwa matendawa.
Njira zofalitsira mbewu
Mutha kupezanso mbewu zina pamalopo pogwiritsa ntchito kudula, kugawa kwa ma rhizomes kapena kubzala mbewu.
Kudula
Iyi ndi njira yotchuka kwambiri yofalitsira zamatsenga. Ndi njira yoyenera, mutha kumera chomera chokongola komanso chopanda thanzi.
Mukamafalitsa zamatsenga ndi malo obisika, ndikofunikira kuganizira uphungu wa akatswiri ngati awa:
- kwa odulidwa, mphukira zobiriwira zathanzi zokha ndizomwe zimasankhidwa;
- kuyambira pansipa, kubzala zinthu kumadulidwa mosadukiza, kuchokera pamwambapa - kumanja ngodya;
- kuti nthambi zodzilekanazo zizike mizu mwachangu, zimathandizidwa ndimankhwala olimbikitsa;
- masamba akulu amachotsedwa pakati;
- zodulidwa zimayikidwa mu chisakanizo chadothi, zimayikidwa kwa impso yoyamba;
- mbewu zimathiriridwa madzi ndikuphimbidwa ndi mtsuko kapena kuyikamo wowonjezera kutentha kuti kuthamangitse kukula kwa mizu;
- Ndikofunikira kuchita kuthirira kapena kuthirira ndi fungicides.
Gawo la Rhizome
Njira ina yotchuka yofalitsira tizunguzi tating'ono ndi kupyola. Kuti izi zitheke, mu nthawi yophukira, mphukira imakhazikika pansi, kukhazikitsidwa ndi waya, ndikuphimbidwa ndi osakaniza dothi kuti nsonga ikhale pamwamba pake. Chifukwa chake, mizu yake imaphuka mwachangu. Ngati ndi kotheka, kuwonjezera pamenepo kuphimba pansi ndi polyethylene ndikuthilira nthawi ndi nthawi. Munthawi imeneyi, mphukira zimasiyidwa mpaka nthawi yophukira. Mizu ikapangidwa bwino, mphukira imadulidwa kuchokera ku zoyerekeza za amayi ndi kubzala ngati chomera chokha. Ngati mizu idakhala yaying'ono komanso yopanda kukhazikika, siyani kuti mphukira zizikula mpaka masika.
Mbewu njira
Uwu ndi mtundu wovuta kwambiri wa kubereka. Kulima mahonia momera nthangala kumachitika mu nthawi yophukira komanso masika. Mbewu zimasungidwa mufiriji kwa miyezi itatu. Pofesa m'dzinja, njirayi singathe kuchitika, koma muzifesa isanayambike chisanu. Mbewu za mpendadzuwa zimakuzika ndi 1.5-2 cm zokha.
Njira ina yopezera chitsamba chatsopano ndikuti nthawi yozizira amadula mphukira zingapo ndikuziyika mumtsuko wamadzi. Asungeni pamalo otentha owala. Pakatha miyezi ingapo, nthambi zimamera. Makope omwe amakhalabe yemweyo mu April amafunika kuti akumbidwe pamalowo.
Magonia m'matawuni
Zomera za akulu sizimawopa konse kuzizira, zimalekerera nyengo yachisanu bwino. Chifukwa chake, m'matawuni a Magoni, holly padonia imakhala mizu ndipo safuna chisamaliro chapadera. Chachikulu ndikuteteza ana achinyamata mu zaka ziwiri zoyambirira zaulimi.
M'mbuyomu, mbewuyi idagwiritsa ntchito kuyala zithupira zachikasu.
Kuti muchite izi, muyenera:
- Pakati pa nthawi yophukira, zitsamba zimamera, zikumawaza bwino pamtengo wozungulira. Kutalika kwake komwe kumakutidwa ndi dothi, ndibwino kuti mbewuyo izikhala yabwino.
- Kwa nyengo yozizira, zitsamba za mahogany chivundikiro ndi nthambi za spruce. M'malo mwake, mutha kudzaza mzere wozungulira ndi wosanjikiza wabwino uliwonse. Pazifukwa izi, udzu wamba, udzu, singano ndizoyenera. Izi zitha kuteteza mizu ya achinyamata kuti isazizidwe.
- M'mazizira kwambiri, chipale chofewa chimayikidwa pa tchire, ndikupanga "malaya" a ubweya Ngati nthawi yozizira simakhala otanganidwa kwambiri, simungathe kuchita izi.
- Chisanu chikasungunuka, masungidwe amamasulidwa ku nthambi za spruce kapena mulch. Ikayamba kutentha, nthaka yozungulira chitsambachi imagwedezeka.
Chifukwa chosasinthika mwapadera, mahonia ndi chomera padziko lonse lapansi pamndandanda wazopanga mawonekedwe. Mothandizidwa ndi zitsamba zake zamaluwa, mutha kupanga linga, kuwayika paphiri ndi miyala kapena kuwabyala padera. Magonia imaphatikizidwa ndi mbewu zambiri zomwe zimapangidwa. Amawoneka bwino kwambiri kucheza ndi barberry, maluwa, quince achi Japan kapena primroses. Bzalani mahogany m'dera lanu, ndioyeneranso, komanso chisamaliro chabwino.
Magonia pamaonekedwe mu chithunzi:
