Kwa nzika zoyambira pakati, ivy wosasinthika wonyezimira bwino sodziwika bwino ngati mtengo wodziwika bwino wanyumbayi. Koma madera akummwera kwa dzikolo - ili ndi dothi ivy.
Mitengo yayikulu ya chikhalidwe ichi imapezeka ku Crimea ndi Caucasus. Kukula, ivy imakwera mumalendo osagonjetseka, makoma a nyumba, kuyika malo otsetsereka ndi carpet wandiweyani, mphukira zake zimapachika pamitengo. Zomera za mpesa zobiriwira zobiriwira sizikhala zopanda phindu, sizolimbikitsa kulima ndi chisamaliro. Amakula msanga komanso mosangalatsa ndi zokongoletsera zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Ndizosadabwitsa kuti mmerawu udawonedwa ndi alimi kwa nthawi yayitali. Ku Europe, ivy yobiriwira nthawi zonse, yomwe imakhala yokongola pachaka chonse, imagwiritsidwa ntchito yokongoletsa ma hedges, kuwunika nyumba zamatawuni ndi kumidzi, mapaki ndi gazebos.
Kufotokozera za dimba ivy ndi mitundu yolimidwa
Mwachilengedwe, muli mitundu ya ivy imodzi ndi theka. Onsewa ndi zitsamba zokhazikika zokhala ndi mphukira zazitali zomata ku dothi, miyala, masamba ena ndi makoma mothandizidwa ndi mizu yambiri yowonjezera yopangidwa pa gawo la akulu.
Masamba, kutengera mtundu wa ivy yamunda, amatha kugawanika, atatu- kapena isanu, kapena yonse. Masamba a minyanga yambiri yamdimba ndi wandiweyani, wachikopa wokhala ndi mawonekedwe osalala komanso mitsempha yopingasa. Kuphatikiza pa mbewu zomwe zili ndi masamba, masamba obiriwira, ngakhale kuthengo mutha kuwona zoyerekeza zamitundu mitundu.
Ngati mphukira wautali kufika 30-mita kutalika ndi masamba okongoletsa a munda ivy amawonekera nthawi yomweyo, ndiye kuti maluwa omwe amaimira amtunduwu nthawi zina samadziwika. Maluwa obiriwira omwe amaphatikizidwa mu caprate kapena maambulera inflorescence ndi ochepa kwambiri ndipo samayimira kukongoletsa.
Zipatso zazing'ono zozungulira za mtundu wakuda, pafupifupi wakuda zomwe zimapangidwa pambuyo poyipitsa zimawoneka zosangalatsa kwambiri.
Pa chikhalidwe pagawo la Russia ochepa okha, mitundu yozizira kwambiri yoleredwa:
- Garden ivy ndi mbewu yabwino kwambiri, imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chomera. Mtunduwu umadziwika ndi kukula kwapang'onopang'ono, masamba pang'ono atatu kapena asanu okhala ndi masamba ndi mitundu yambiri.
- Colchic kapena Caucasian ivy amakulanso m'minda. Mpesa wamphamvu wokula mwachangu wokhala ndi mphukira mpaka 30 mamitala ndi masamba, nthawi zina kufika 20 cm, umapezeka mwachilengedwe kumapeto kwa Caucasus, komanso kumadera angapo aku Asia. Masamba obiriwira kapena okhala ndi masamba obiriwira amasintha akamakula.
- Crimea ivy ndi mtundu wina wa ku Russia womwe umafanana ndi mitundu ya Malta yomwe idalimidwa ku Europe. Zomera zokonda kutentha, kulowa m'malo abwino, zimakhala zamphamvu. Mitengo yake yam'munsi imakhala yolumikizidwa, nthawi zina yophatikizidwa ndi mitengo, yomwe dimba ili ivy imakonda kukwera.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira dimba ivy
Ivy amadziwika kuti ndi mbewu yololera mthunzi yomwe imasinthika mosavuta ndi moyo ngati chivundikiro. Kukhazikika pansi pa korona yamitengo yayikulu kum'mwera, kumakhala bwino. Koma kumpoto, kumakhala kowopsa kwazizira, osati chifukwa cha kutentha kochepa, komanso chifukwa chinyezi zambiri, malo osakwanira.
Kuteteza mbewu ndikuwongolera chisamaliro cha Ivy, kubzala kumachitika m'malo okwera. Zaka zoyambilira, chikhalidwe sichimakula msanga, ivy yaying'ono idabzalidwa masika kuti mbande zimere nthawi yachisanu komanso nthawi yozizira bwino. Pakupangidwanso kwa ivy, mphukira wathanzi palibe wamkulu kuposa zaka 2-3 zosankhidwa. Zikatero, mizu imakhazikika bwino, siziyenera kuvulazidwa kwambiri mutasamukira kumalo atsopano.
Ivy yoyenera m'mundamu siwopanda phindu komanso osinthika bwino. Kuti izi zitheke mwachangu, gawo lapansi lopanda chinyezi, lokhala ndi mpweya wokhala ndi michere yambiri limakonzekera kubzala. Gawo lalikulu la mizu ya ivy limapezeka pakuya masentimita 20, kotero dzenjelo limakonzedwa mozama pang'ono. Pansi, dambo lonyowa limaperekedwa.
Mutabzala dimba ivy, chisamaliro chimakhala kuthirira, kuthira feteleza ndi kulima kosavuta. Kutsegula molondola kwambiri kumathandizira kuti nthaka ikhale chinyezi komanso chinyezi, ndipo mulching amatha kupulumutsa chinyezi komanso kuteteza mbewu ku chisa choyamba chisanachitike nthawi yozizira.
Nthaka imamasulidwa kuti isapangidwe ndikutumphuka kwamtunda pambuyo pa mvula, kuyesera kuti isavulaze mphukira ndi mizu yake yaying'ono, yomwe imayandikira pafupi ndi ma node ndipo imalowera mwachangu gawo lapansi pamene ikula.
Kulowetsedwa ndi masamba a humus, peat, kapena zina zonyenyetsa thupi zimalepheretsa kuyimitsa nthaka, komanso m'nthawi yonyowa kuti ivunde. Mulch imakonkhedwa pang'onopang'ono, ndi yopyapyala masitepe angapo kuti isakhudze masamba omwe ali pafupi ndi nthaka. Pofika nthawi yophukira, wosanjikiza akuwonjezeredwa kotero kuti pakubwera nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwampweya kwathunthu ndikusungunula kwa mbewu kumachitika.
Kumpoto, kumakhala kwakukulu kuzizira kwa mbewu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poima dimba. Izi zikugwira ntchito mokwanira ndi ivy for hedges, kapangidwe kake ndi zipilala za nyumba. Zovala zoyala pachikuto, makamaka zokutidwa ndi chipale chofewa, nyengo yozizira bwino.
Matalala akayamba kusungunuka, musathamangire kudulira mphukira zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi chisanu kapena pazifukwa zina. Ndikwabwino kuzichotsa kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, pomwe mayendedwe azisangalalo atha. Magawo pazinde zazikulu zimathandizidwa ndi var var.
Ivy ivy iyenera kuthiriridwa nyengo yonseyo, koma pang'onopang'ono, kuyang'anira chinyezi m'nthaka.
Kubereka wobiriwira nthawi zonse ivy
Mitundu yambiri yoyenera kumera m'munda imakhala yaying'ono kapena mizu ya airy. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kuzika mizu kudula mchaka cha masika ndi chilimwe.
Pakupangidwanso kwa ivy, mphukira zokhala ndi masamba angapo ndi primordia wowoneka bwino kapena mizu yotsimikizika kale ndiyoyenera. Ngati mumadula kakang'ono kwambiri, kukula kobiriwira, kuzika kwamizu kumatenga nthawi yayitali. Ndipo mumkhalidwe wovuta, mwachitsanzo, pakupola, phesi limatha kuvunda kwathunthu.
Kuti mufalitse ivy yobiriwira, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito zodula za apical, koma ngati izi sizingatheke kapena mbewu zambiri zazing'ono zimayenera kupezedwa, mphukira imadulidwa kukhala zidutswa 10 masentimita osachepera umodzi wathanzi.
Mutha kuzika mizu mu wowonjezera kutentha mumsewu, kubzala zidutswa zingapo panthaka yopepuka, kapena m'madzi opanda kanthu. Mizu yambiri ikawoneka pamiyeso, mbewuzo zimasamukira kumalo okhala mtsogolo. Popeza kukula kwa zitsamba zoyambira pansi ndi mawonekedwe a chisamaliro cha ivy, kubzala kumachitika motalikirana osakwana theka la mita kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
