Malo okhala mvula ndi otchuka chifukwa cha maluwa osiyanasiyana, ndipo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi komanso michere, zomera pano zimatha kufikira zazikulu zazikulu. Palinso mizu ikuluikulu yomwe imakhala kumadera achinyezi ku Australia ndi Oceania, komanso kumadera ena kumwera ndi kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia.
Mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe a lalikulu-mizu alocasia
M'malo abwino a nyama zamtchire, mbewu zimatalika mamita atatu kapena kuposerapo, ndipo pakukula kwake kwa masamba, ngakhale mu Guinness Book of Records, mitundu iyi ya alocasia yapatsidwa dzina loti "makutu a njovu". Pakakulidwa m'nyumba, mbewu yotentha singathe kukula chonchi, chifukwa kukula kwake kumachepetsedwa ndi kukula kwa poto ndi malo otchingidwa.
Chifukwa chake, katswiri wamaluwa yemwe amasamalira kwambiri mizu yakunyumba mwina sangadziwe zonse zomwe zikuchitika. Komabe, zovuta zina zimayenera kudziwitsa ndikufunsa mafunso oyenera. Mwachitsanzo, masamba ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu wamba monga maambulera obiriwira nawonso amatha kukhala mvula.
Ngati chomera chimalandira chinyezi chambiri, madzi ochulukirapo omwe amapopera mizu yake ndikuwugwira umachotsedwa pambale ndi masamba kudzera pa stomata.
Kuthengo, izi nthawi zambiri sizimadziwika. China chake ndi ngati chikhalidwecho chabzalidwa m'nyumba. Malinga ndi chikhulupiriro chofala, alocasia mwanjira imeneyi amatha "kuneneratu" nyengo. Koma ma botanists samawona kuthekera mu chomera. Koma pakuwona dontho lamadzi pazomera zazikuluzikulu, wofesayo ayenera kuzindikira kuti kuthirira kumakhala kochulukirapo ndikupanga kusintha kwazomera.
Chodabwitsanso china choperekedwa ndi mizu yayikulu ndi mawonekedwe a inflorescences yayikulu. Monga nthumwi zina za iroid, kuchokera ku maluwa ang'onoang'ono, a nondescript, alocasia amapanga inflorescence-cob yokhala ndi choyera kapena choyera. Maonekedwe, maluwa a alocasia omwe ali pachithunzichi amafanana ndi inflorescence ya spathiphyllum ndi callas, koma yokulirapo kuposa iwo.
Pambuyo kupukutira, perianth imafa, ndipo m'malo mwa maluwa ozungulira zipatso zofiira. Siziwadyedwa, koma ma rhizomes amakulirakulira, omwe amakhala otumbulika mobisalira, ndi masamba abuluu a masamba a anthu am'derali a Oceania ndi Melanesia, atatha kutentha kwakanthawi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakudya kwatsiku ndi tsiku.
Ngati muyesera phesi yaiwisi, yoyaka, yododometsa chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa calcium oxalate, munthuyo mwachionekere sangakonde kukoma. Koma kwa ziweto, miyala yazakudya zambiri za alocasia ndi chakudya cholandiridwa.
Ndiye, mumasamalira bwanji mizu yayikulu kunyumba? Kodi malo otentha ayenera chiyani? Ndipo kodi nzoona kuti mbewu imatha kuchiritsa?
Kusamalira lalikulu-mizu kunyumba
Ngati mizu yayikulu-mizu ikawonekera mnyumba, mwini wake sayenera kuyang'ana kwambiri za watsopanoyo, komabe, musaiwale kuti mbewuyo ndi mbadwa za malo otentha. Choyamba, malo omasuka ndi ofunikira kwa alocasia, kotero mpweya mchipindamo:
- nthawi yotentha iyenera kutentha mpaka 22-28 ° C;
- nthawi yachisanu sitha kuzizira kuposa 18-20 ° C.
Ma alocasia onse, kuphatikiza ndi mizu ikuluikulu, samakonda kukonzekera, kotero mbewu zimayikidwa kutali ndi zitseko za khonde ndi ma transoms. Wokhalamo nkhalango yamvula, alocasia imamverera bwino pamitundu ina. Nthawi yomweyo, mbewu zazing'ono zimachita kwambiri kuposa akuluakulu kuti aziwongolera dzuwa, komanso kuchepa kwa magetsi m'miyezi yozizira.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yotchuka masiku ano imasowa kuunika koposa masamba omwe ali ndi masamba obiriwira.
Ngati kusamalira alogasia yayikulu-mizu kunyumba sikukwaniritsa zikhalidwe, simungathe kupeza masamba okongola. Mthunzi, ngakhale malo oyera pang'ono ndi pang'ono amasintha kukhala obiriwira.
Osachepera kutentha kwa mlengalenga, chinyezi chake ndichofunikanso. Mwachilengedwe, mbewuyo imakhala yotentha nthawi zambiri. Chifukwa chake, kulowa malo okhala, mizu yayikulu-mizere imatha kuvutika kwambiri ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri. M'chilimwe, makamaka masiku otentha, alocasia iyenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi ofunda, otha kukhazikika. M'nyengo yozizira, pamene kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, munthu ayenera kusamala kwambiri, chifukwa kuchita izi mwa njira ya mpweya wozizira kumawonekera ndi kukula kwa matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi.
Ndikosavuta kupukuta masamba ndi nsalu yonyowa, komwe kumapangitsa kuti mbewuyo izioneka bwino komanso kuyambitsa kupuma. Kusamalira alocasia yayikulu-mizu kunyumba, osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amateteza fumbi kuti lisakhazikike.
Alocasia ndi hydrophilic ndipo imafunikira kwambiri pakutsirira. Zomera zimachita chidwi kwambiri ndikusowa chinyontho, kuthirira kapena kuthirira pang'ono. Chiyero chambiri chobiriwira chimafuna madzi ambiri ndi michere. Ndipo ngati alocasia sichikhala bwino, masamba amafota ndipo mwina amagwa. Koma ngakhale kuthirira kwambiri, makamaka nthawi yozizira, simuyenera kuyembekezera kuti chomera chimva bwino.
Madontho amadzi pa alocasia yayikulu-mizu ndi chizindikiro cha kusefukira kwapang'ono.
Ngati chomera chasefukira mwadongosolo, dothi loumbika limasunga chinyezi chambiri, nyemba zimakumana ndi maonekedwe achikasu kenako mawanga bulauni pamasamba, kutaya masamba ndi kuwonongeka kwa mizu.
M'chilimwe, alocasia amathirira madzi pafupipafupi, kuonetsetsa kuti nthaka yapamwamba imawuma bwino pakati pa kuthirira. Mphindi 30 mpaka 40 atanyowetsa nthaka, madzi onse owonjezera ayenera kuthiridwa. M'masiku otentha, ndikomveka kuyika mphikawo ndi alocasia mu poto yodzaza ndi madzi, momwe dongo kapena miyala yosweka imathiriridwa mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, mizu yomera siyingagwirizane ndi malo opanda chinyezi, koma dothi silizimanso. M'nyengo yozizira, alocasia imakhala yochepa pang'onopang'ono ndi kuthirira katatu pa sabata.
Ndi nthawi yachisanu kuti ndikofunikira kuyang'anira masamba - chizindikiro cha thanzi la mbewuyi. Zomera zothirira zimachepetsa madontho amadzi akakhala lalikulu mizu. Ngati masamba atakutidwa ndi mawanga, titha kulankhula za matenda a chomera kapena kupsinjika kwa malo ake obisika.
Kukhazikitsa mbewu yayikulu, alocasia imadyetsedwa bwino. Kuthira manyowa ndibwino kuyambira kuchiyambiyambi kwa nthawi yophukira. Kuphatikizidwa kwa feteleza kwa mbewu zotentha kumaphatikizapo zonse zachilengedwe ndi michere. Ngati zingafunike, zigawozi zimatha kusinthidwa.
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pang'onopang'ono kukula kwa alocasia, kuwonda kwa masamba ndi kuwonongeka kwa nthaka ndikuwumbidwa ndi mizu ikhoza kukhala mawonekedwe osankhidwa bwino a nthaka.
Kwa nzika zakumalo otentha, pamafunika dothi lokhala ndi michere yambiri osalowerera ndale kapena lochepera. Muphika womwe umapangidwa kuti ukhale ndi mizu yayikulu-buluu, wosanjikiza wabwino wakhoma ndi wofunikira. Ndipo ngati dothi gwiritsani ntchito chisakanizo cha:
- 2 magawo a humus;
- Magawo 1 amchenga;
- 1 mbali peat;
- 2 zidutswa zamunda wamunda.
Kuti tisunge chinyezi, nthaka ingayikidwe ndi miyala yabwino kwambiri, mchenga kapena tchipisi tamatabwa.
Zomera zonyamula zipatso zimachitika mchaka, ndikusintha alocasia limodzi ndi dothi lomwa mumphika wambiri.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kubzala chikhalidwe mchombo chachikulu kwambiri kumatha kupangitsa kukula kwa alocasia. Ndipo apa muyenera kulingalira za kuthekera kwa kuyika mbewu yobiriwira m'chipindacho.
Tchire zakale sizofunika kuziwonjezera zosaposa zaka 3-4 pambuyo pake, ndipo alocasia achinyamata amatha kusamutsira chidebe chatsopano pachaka. Ndondomeko ikuchitika mu kasupe, pamene mbewu zimathamanga mwachangu komanso zosavuta kuyambitsa.
Kunyumba, alocasia yayikulu-mizu imafalitsidwa ndi njira zamasamba pogawa chomera, kudula kapena kudula. Ndipo pankhaniyi, kasupe ndi nthawi yabwino kwambiri. Kuti mmera uzika mizu ndi kupeza mizu yabwino, pamafunika kutentha osachepera 20-22 ° C. Muzu alocasia bwino mu mawonekedwe osakanikirana ofanana kuchuluka kwa peat ndi mchenga. Zigawo zikamazika mizu, zimazidulira mu dothi kuti zikulirepo.
Alocasia ndi yosazindikira ndipo popanda mavuto amakula ngakhale pakati pa olimi omwe alibe zambiri. Ngati chisamaliro chachikulu cha alocasia kunyumba sichokwanira, mmera umakhudzidwa ndi matenda ndi tizirombo tonse. Mitundu ya mandimu imakopa tizilombo toopsa zambiri. Nthawi zambiri, pa petioles zazikulu ndi masamba, mutha kupeza kangaude, udzudzu wa bowa, nkhanambo, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi mealybugs.
Mukazindikira tizirombo, simungakayike. Chomera chimathandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, omwe amasankhidwa kutengera mtundu wa tizirombo tapezeka. Alocasia ikakhudzidwa ndi bowa, fungicides imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana nawo.
Mwini wake wa aligasia wamkulu, yemwe amasamalira chomeracho pakhomo, ayenera kukumbukira kuwopsa kwa msuzi wake komanso kuti asayiwale za chitetezo. M'nyumba momwe muli ana ndi ziweto, alocasia amayikidwa kunja komwe sangathe.
Machiritso amitundu yayikulu-mizu
Alimi ambiri olima maluwa, kubzala lalikulu mizu mu nyumba, kuwonjezera pa mawonekedwe ake, amasangalatsidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ake. Zowonadi, kwawo - kumayiko a Oceania, kumwera kwa Asia ndi madera ena omwe masiku ano alocasia amakula zachilengedwe, amalemekezedwa ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe.
Chowotcha, ndipo nthawi zina chimadzimadzi chamadzimadzi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chododometsa, chosakhumudwitsa kwanuko chifukwa cha matenda olowa. Pamaziko ake, komanso zimayambira zopindika, mafuta onunkhira, zokongoletsera ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa, ma gruels ndi mafuta amapangidwa.
Mphamvu yakuchiritsa ya mizu yayikulu-alocasia ikufunikira osati matenda ophatikizika, osteochondrosis ndi rheumatism, komanso:
- ndi mikwingwirima yothandizidwa ndi kuphwanya;
- ndi thrombophlebitis ndi mitsempha ya varicose;
- pamaso pa matenda a chithokomiro;
- ndi zotupa m'mimba
- ndi gout ndi nyamakazi;
- ndi matenda angapo a chotupa;
- ndi kufooka chitetezo chokwanira komanso pafupipafupi matenda opatsirana
Kukonzekera mankhwala achilengedwe, makulidwe onenepa ndi mizu ya alocasia amatengedwa. Ku Borneo, komwe zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zamankhwala zazikulu kwambiri zimalemekezedwa kwambiri, mbewu zimakololedwa zochuluka, kumadera ena a dziko lapansi, chikhalidwe chatsopanochi sichinaphunziridwe pang'ono.
Kuti mugwiritse ntchito katundu wa muzu wambiri mu mankhwala a matenda enaake, muyenera kukumbukira kuti mtengowo ndi woopsa ndipo sungabweretse mpumulo komanso wowonongera thanzi.
Mankhwala aku Europe, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kafukufuku wasayansi, palibe chitsimikiziro cha sayansi cha mphamvu yakuchiritsa ya mbewu. Njira yakugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala amkati ndi kunja kwa mankhwalawa sapangidwanso. Chifukwa chake, popewa zotsatira zosasangalatsa, munthu sangathe kuchita popanda kufunsa katswiri.
