Mitundu ya adiantums, yaying'ono, yomwe imakhala m'malo otentha komanso otentha a Earth ferns, imagwirizanitsa mitundu yambiri yodziyimira payokha. Ena mwa iwo, mwachitsanzo, "tsitsi lamkuno" ndi mitundu ina ndiyodziwika kwambiri pakati pa okonda mbewu zakunja.
Mwachilengedwe, ma fenito amtunduwu amakhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, pamiyala yopanda thanzi. Zomera zimalekerera bwino mchenga, ndipo ngakhale ma adiantums ali thermophilic, samazindikira kutentha ndi kuuma kwa nthaka ndi mpweya.
Kuphatikiza apo, ma ferns sakhala chomera chophweka kwambiri chamikhalidwe yakunyumba, otulutsa maluwa ambiri ali ndi chidwi chodzala ndi adiantum ndikuyisamalira. Inde, kubiriwira kwazomera kwa mtengo ndikofunika kutiwonongeke nthawi yochepa ndikupanga chikhalidwe chazokongoletsa zachikhalidwe.
Kapangidwe ka zinthu zakukula kwa adiantum
Kodi chikuyenera kuchitidwa kuti adiantum, chizolowere, chinyezi, chokhala ndi dothi louma komanso kusintha kutentha kwa chaka chonse, chimakhala bwino m'nyumba yopanda mzinda?
Mwa zina mwazofunikira zomwe zimayenera kupangidwira fern, iyi ndi mulingo wa kuyatsa komwe kumafunidwa ndi chomera, boma la kuthirira ndi kuvala pamwamba, komanso woperekayo ayenera kusankha nthaka ndikuyika ndi kutentha koyenera kwa adiantum.
Kuwala kwa Adiantum
Malo abwino kwambiri osamalirira anthu okalamba komanso okalamba kunyumba ndi mthunzi wocheperako. Chifukwa chake, chomeracho chitha kuikidwa pawindo loyang'ana kumpoto chakumadzulo kapena mbali ya kummawa. M'chilimwe, ngati fern imagwera pansi pomwepo dzuwa limasunthidwa kuchoka pawindo kapena kuphimbidwa ndi chophimba chowonekera. Kupanda kutero, adiantum yomwe imayima padzuwa imataya kunyezimira, masamba ake amayamba kuzimiririka, amatha kukhala achikasu kapena kuzimiririka.
Pankhaniyi, komanso mthunzi wathunthu, simuyenera kudikira kuti fern ikondweretse mtundu wa emerald. Kuyang'ana makamaka za momwe mbewu imafunira ndikusintha nyengo, masana masana amafupikitsidwa kapena kufupikitsidwa. Komabe, popanda chifukwa chabwino, komwe kuli adiantum whimsical pankhaniyi ndibwino osasintha.
Ngati kunyumba kusamalira adiantum, monga pachithunzichi, zakwaniritsa zofunikira za chomera, ndiye kuti fern imayankha ndikukula kwabwino, mawonekedwe a masamba atsopano ndi moyo wautali wakale.
Kutentha kwa mpweya kwa Adiantum
Chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri pa thanzi la chiweto chobiriwira ndikusunga kutentha kwa mpweya komwe kuli kovomerezeka kwa iwo. Mwachilengedwe, kutentha kwambiri kwa kukula ndi kukula kwa adiantum sikupitilira 20-26 ° C. Nthawi yokhala matalala ikayamba, ndipo mmerawo ugwera mtundu wamtundu wotetemera, mpweya umazirala mpaka 15 ° C. Ngati zikhalidwe zokulira adiantum kunyumba zikugwirizana ndi zachilengedwe, fern singasokoneze woperekayo ndi kukongoletsa masamba, mawonekedwe amdima mkati mwake kapena kukula kwa zowola paminde ndi gawo la mobisa.
Kuphatikiza pakusunga kutentha pamtunda, ndikofunikira kuteteza adiantum ku zojambulajambula ndi mpweya wotentha kuchokera kwa owotha.
Poyamba kuzimiririka chifukwa cha hypothermia kapena, potero, chifukwa chouma mchipinda, chomera chimatha kudulidwa. Ndikwabwino kudula mbali zowonongeka mpaka pansi, pomwe adiantum, ngati mutakhazikitsa chisamaliro, ibwezeretsa mwachangu zomwe zidasowa.
Kuthirira ndi kuthirira mbewu
Mukamakula ndikuyang'anira adiantum, bungwe lothirira mbewuyo limakhala m'malo ofunika kwambiri. Fern molakwika amatanthauza kuyanika kunja kwa dothi, komwe ma dizilo ake amakhala, koma chinyezi chambiri cha nthaka ndizosafunikanso kwa adiantum. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kukhazikitsa nthawi zonse, koma kuthirira pang'ono, mosamala kuti chapamwamba cha gawo lapansi ili ndi nthawi yowuma pakati pa njira.
Mosiyana ndi mbewu zambiri zamkati, zomwe zimazindikira kuuma kwa kuthilira kwa madzi ndi mawanga pa masamba, adiantum imadalira kwambiri kupezeka kwa mankhwala a chlorine mu chinyezi.
Kuti mbewu isataye kukopa, nyowetsani nthaka moyenera ndi madzi osamalidwa bwino. Ndipo eni ma aquariums amatha kuthilira fern wamadzi atasintha madzi:
- M'nyengo yotentha, mbewu yake ikayamba kupanga masamba atsopano ndikukula, kuthirira kuyenera kukhala pafupipafupi komanso kuchulukana, mwachitsanzo, mpaka katatu pa sabata.
- Kwa nthawi ya "hibernation", kuyambira pakati pa nthawi yophukira mpaka masika, mutha kuthirira fern kamodzi pa sabata.
Ma Adiantums omwe amakhala pakhomo sachita bwino feteleza, choncho ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza onse amene amayambira kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira pakati. Kutalika kovala pamwamba panthawiyi kumakhala kamodzi pakatha milungu iwiri, ndipo nyimbo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito siziphatikizanso laimu. Kwa nyengo yozizira, kudyetsa sikunakonzekere.
Chinyezi cha fern m'chipinda
Kunyumba, kukula kwa adiantum nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta chifukwa chouma mopanda mpweya. Ngati masamba kumbuyo akuyamba kuuma, pamafunika kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kuti tipeze mpweya pafupi ndi chomeracho. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito zida zapanyumba, njira zosinthika kapena kukhazikitsa poto ndi adiantum mu thireyi wokhala ndi dothi lokulitsa.
Mu milandu yayikulu kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, m'miyezi yachisanu, pomwe sizingatheke kusamutsa poto kuchokera kuchipinda chotenthetsera, adiantum ikhoza kuthiridwa ndi madzi ofunda, mutateteza nthaka kuti isakhale chinyezi chambiri.
Ngati chomera chataya masamba ake onse m'chipinda chotentha, musasiye chiweto chanu. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, adiantum wamkulu adzakhalanso wokongola komanso wobiriwira. Kuti muchite izi, mphikawo umasamutsidwira kuchipinda ndi kutentha kwa 18-20 ° C ndikuthirira chitsamba pang'onopang'ono. Ngati mizu ya fern ndiyamoyo. Posachedwa mbewuyo idzayankha ndi masamba atsopano.
Chinyezi chokwanira chitha kuonedwa ngati mulingo wa 60-70%. Chifukwa chake, m'miyezi ya chilimwe ndikofunikira kuti chomera chikalowe m'mundamo kapena pamalo otetezedwa.
Kanema wonena za kusamalira adiantum kunyumba akuwulula zovuta za magawo onse ndipo amathandizira poyeserera kupewa zolakwika zomwe zimawopseza matenda a chomera kapena kufooketsa chifukwa cha tizirombo.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira adiantum kunyumba
Pansi pazachilengedwe, adiantum imakhala pamtunda wochepa wa dothi, womata pakati pamiyala ndi pamiyala yamiyala. M'malo mwake, fern yamtunduwu imatsogolera moyo wa lithophyte, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kunyumba kwake muyenera kusankha dothi lofananira ndi malo oyenera.
Poto wa adiantum sayenera kukhala yakuya. Ma Fern amakhala ndi chizimba chapamwamba, motero ndikofunikira kuti athe kupereka chokwanira mu chidebe chambiri. Pansi pa mphika, dothi lamphamvu lamadzi limakonzedwa, kenako dothi lapadera la adiantum limatsanulidwanso.
Kuipa kwadothi komwe kumapangidwira ndikuti kuyenera kukhala ndi acidic zochita, kunyowetsedwa ndi madzi, koma osasungabe chinyezi.
Chofunikira chachikulu cha gawo lapansi ndi kupepuka, zakudya komanso kuperewera kwa mpweya, motero, imatha kukhala humus, perlite kapena vermiculite, peat ndi mchenga womwe umayeretsedwa kuchokera ku coarse inclusions. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera sphagnum wosweka, makungwa ndi makala ku dothi lotero kwa adiantum. Mukabzala adiantum, monga chithunzi, ndikusamalira chomera, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti khosi la muzu silikuwonekeranso pansi pa gawo, apo ayi kuola kwake sikungapewe.
Kuthira kwa kasupe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kugawa adiantum wamkulu, pomwe mbali zazing'ono za rhizome zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba angapo athanzi zimadulidwa mosamala. Kulekanitsa mizu ya ferns yamtsogolo ndikabwino kwambiri kuchokera m'mphepete, osasokoneza mtanda waukulu ndi rhizome yayikulu. Kenako zigawo zimakonkhedwa ndi makala opera, ndikubzala m'nthaka yatsopano ya adiantum.
Kufalikira kwamasamba kunyumba kumapangitsa kuti zitheke mwachangu komanso popanda chidziwitso chapadera kupeza mbewu zazing'ono za adiantum, zomwe, pambuyo pakuzandidwa, zimathandizidwa chimodzimodzi ndi fern wamkulu.
