Acidanthe akuwuluka fani

Acidanthera, olima maluwa ambiri mdziko lathu, omwe amadziwika kuti gladiolus onunkhira bwino, ndi mbewu yabwino kwambiri. Ngakhale tekinoloje zovuta zaulimi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nyengo yozizira ili panthaka, ngakhale kusamalira bwino za kukongola uku, sizimamulepheretsa kutchuka konse. Kupatula apo, maluwa acidaceans, omwe amasilira kukongola, ngati kuti akuyandama m'maluwa amlengalenga ndi mtundu wowala bwino, woposa zovuta zilizonse. Ndipo izi sizongopeka chabe. Amangokonda chidwi cha osamalira.

Gladiolus muliel (Gladiolus mulielau), mawu ofanana ndi Acidanthera bicolor (Acidanthera bicolor). © qvcuk

Kukuwonekera mpikisano kwa gladioli wamba

Acidanthera amafanana kwenikweni ndi gladioli pachilichonse. Ali ndi ntchito zofananira zaulimi, komanso zofunika kuti nyengo yachisanu ikhale pansi panthaka, ndi mtundu wamasamba. Ndipo ngakhale kukula kwake kwa mbewu ziwirizi ndi zofanana. Chifukwa chake, sizosadabwitsa konse kuti asidi acid nthawi zambiri amatchedwa onunkhira gladioli. Komabe, kuyerekezera zikhalidwezi, kuzilingalira chimodzimodzi, kungakhale kulakwitsa kwakukulu. Kupatula apo, acidanthera ndi mbewu yosiyana mwachilengedwe.

Acidanthera (Acididhera) - yokongola komanso yokongola kwambiri, yopanda zipatso mochedwa. Ziphuphuzo ndizazungulira, zokhala ndi mtundu wamafuta, mpaka mainchesi 5, wokutidwa ndi chipolopolo. Masamba ofooka otuwa komanso opyapyala, opendekera masamba opanga bwino amapanga maziko abwino a chiwonetsero chachikulu - maluwa. Ndipo ndizosatheka kukhalabe opanda chidwi naye. Lalikulu, likuwoneka lalikulu chifukwa cha mtundu wowala, maluwawo amafikira masentimita 9. Fomu yabwinoyo idapatsa acidant mayina ambiri achikondi. Mitengo yolumikizana ndi petal ya perianth ndiyofanana kukula kwake, pulawo yayitali chubu palimodzi, yolimba komanso yofanana ndi gladioli, koma maluwa okongola kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, maluwawo amatulutsa maluwa kamodzi, koma khutu, pomwe maluwa okwanira 6 amakhala.

Maonekedwe a mitundu ya acidants siotopetsa. Ma acidintinters oyera okhala ndi mtundu wowala amaonedwa ngati abwino kwambiri, koma mitundu "yamtundu" ndi mitundu siyanso yokongola. Mitundu yapinki, ya lilac, yofiirira, yachikaso, yamtundu wa zonona imayimiriridwa ndi mitundu yoyera ndi ya ngale.

Koma osati ma inflorescence ochititsa chidwi okha omwe adadziwika ndi acidanthera. Chomera chokongola ichi chimanunkhira bwino. Kununkhira kwakukulu, koma kopepuka, kopanda tanthauzo la acidants koyamba kumakumbutsa za daffodils wamunda. Kupatula apo, palibe chilichonse chomenya fungo la mbewu iyi. Mukamamwetsa kununkhira, kumawoneka kosavuta kuwoneka bwino komanso kowoneka bwino ngati uchi kapena zipatso.

Short-tubular acidanthera (Acidanthera brevicollis) tsopano ndi amtundu wa Gladiolus gueinzii. © HankyHelper

Mitundu ndi mitundu ya acidants

Ma acid onse ndi mbewu za madera awo otentha ku Africa, okongola komanso okongola kwambiri.

Mumtundu wa zokongola izi - mitundu 40. Zowona gulu lamakono la botanical silisiyanitsa ma acid mumagulu osiyana: amawerengedwa ngati gulu la gladioli, ndi dzina lolondola la botanical muzomera sizikumveka Acididheramonga Gladiolus. Koma popeza chomerachi chimafalitsidwanso pansi pa dzina loti acidants, ndipo mayina am'mbuyowa amaloledwa kukhala ngati dzina la masiku ano, ma acidants angathenso kutchedwa mwa njira yakale. Ma acidaceans achilengedwe achilengedwe ndiwokongola, potengera kukongola kwa maluwa ndi kukoka kwake sangayerekezedwe ndi mitundu "yabwino kwambiri" yolimidwa.

Kugawa kwakukulu ndi mawonekedwe a mitundu yonse ya mbewuzo adalandira mtundu umodzi wokha - wokongola Acidanthera bicolor (Acididanthera bicolor) Mwa malamulo onse, mbewu iyi iyenera kutchedwa gladiolus muliel (Gladiolus mulielau), koma m'malo ogona ndi mwa olima dimba iye amadziwikabe ndi dzina lake lakale. Ndipo chomera chimakhala ndi "ambiri mayina" - onunkhira bwino kupita ku gladiolus wolakwika nthawi yonse. Ngakhale kuti acidider iyi imagulitsidwa ngati gladiolus yokhayo yomwe imatha kuzizira m'njira yapakatikati, ukadaulo waulimi wamtunduwu uyenera kuphatikizapo kupukuta kuchokera pansi ndikuusunga m'nyumba.

Acidanthera-mitundu iwiri kutalika amafika masentimita 120, kunyezimira kwamphamvu, nthawi zambiri kosavuta, kawirikawiri nthambi zazing'ono zimakhala pamwamba. Masamba a acidanthera awa ndi xiphoid-linear, ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira wowerengeka, amafikira kutalika kwa theka la mita ndipo ali ochulukirapo zokwanira kupanga jekete lokongola pakubzala kwa magulu. Maluwa a gladiolus Muriel amafika masentimita 12. Wowoneka wowoneka bwino kapena wowoneka wa chipale chofewa, wonunkhira bwino, wokhala ndi pakati komanso malo okongola, amawoneka modabwitsa, akuyandama m'mlengalenga. Pazithunzithunzi zapamwamba, ma inflorescence owoneka ngati mbewa amatengedwa, kuphatikizapo maluwa atatu mpaka 8. Izi acidanthera limamasika mochedwa, mu Ogasiti-Seputembala ndi njira yokhazikika ya May.

Geissoriza stemless (Geissorhiza exscapa), dzina lofanana ndi Acidanthera tubular (Acidanthera tubulosa). © naturgucker

Mitundu yina siyachilendo, koma ndiyofunika kufalitsa monga mawu okhudza maluwa:

1. Zomera Zosadziwika - Kunyada acid acid woipa (Acididhera graminifolia, malinga ndi magulu amakono - mawonekedwe ukufalikira gladiolus (Gladiolus floribundus)). Masamba ake si xiphoid, koma owonda, ngati mbewu wamba. Koma osati masamba okhawo omwe amapangitsa kuti mbewuyo ikhale yoyambirira, komanso kuti ikuthothoka, ndi maluwa osachedwa kufota chupi chofiirira.
2. Acidanthera maluwa (Acididhera pauciflora malinga ndi magulu amakono - mawonekedwe ukufalikira gladiolus (Gladiolus floribundus)) amapanganso masamba owonda, a bicolor, koma maluwa ake siwofiyira, koma ofiira.
3. Rasipiberi hue pamaluwa - chizindikiro Acidanters of pink ndi oyera (Acididhera roseoalbamalinga ndi zomwe zaposachedwa - Geissoriza pinki ndi yoyera (Geissorhiza roseoalba)), zomwe ndizosowa.
4. Acidantera otentha (Acididanthera aequinoctialisDzinalo ndi Gladiolus otentha (Gladiolus aequinoctialis)) imatenga kutalika kwa masentimita 130, imasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba opindika, masamba awiri amitundu yoyera ya 5-6, yokhala ndi masamba ofunda ndi maluwa okhala ndi chubu chachitali.
5. At Cape Acidanters (Acididhera capensisadapangidwanso monga Ixia paniculata (Ixia paniculata) m'malo mwa mawanga, maluwa oyera amakongoletsa mitsitsi yofiirira.
6. Acidantera Woyera (Acidanthera Candida, munjira yamakono - oyera gladiolus (Gladiolussocius)) amasiyanitsidwa ndi fungo lamphamvu, lowala komanso mtundu woyera wa chipale chofewa.
7. At ambiri (Acididhera platypetalamawonekedwe Gladiolus longicollis subsp. papypetalus) mozungulira kwambiri, okhala ndi ma perianth ambiri, omwe amachititsa kuti mbewuyo ikhale yofanana ndi maluwa.
8. Acidanthera fupi chubu (Acididhera brevicollis / Gladiolus gueinzii) ndiye mitundu yokhayo yomwe ili ndi maluwa owala, owoneka ngati utoto wofiirira, momwe chubu imafupikirako. Maluwa amatengedwa mu inflorescence a 3-4 ma PC.
9. Acidante Fourcade (Acididhera zinayi, malinga ndi zomwe zaposachedwa kwambiri, zosungidwamo Geissorizu Fourcade (Geissorhiza zinayi)) ilinso yamtundu wamitundu yosowa, imangokhala maluwa okhaokha a 1-2 okhala ndi mtundu wofiirira wa pinki ndi wofiirira.
10. Komanso pinki ndi chikhalidwe cha tubular acidants (Acididhera tubulosa tsopano Geissoriza wosakhazikika (Geissorhiza exscapa), koma ali ndi chubu kwakutali komanso maluwa okongola.

Kugwiritsa ntchito ma acidants pakukongoletsa:

• ngati mwambo, chikondwerero, malonjezo omalizira pakapangidwe kama kama;
• m'magulu kumbuyo kwa udzu, pazisumbu zamaluwa nyengo;
• m'mitundu yosakanizira m'munda wam'mbuyo;
• ngati fungo lonunkhira bwino pakupanga kwamabedi amaluwa ndi mabedi a maluwa pafupi ndi malo achisangalalo ndi masitepe;
• m'malo abzala chomera kapena chidebe;
• ngati mbewu yodula (ziyenera kudziwitsidwa kuti fungo lamphamvu la chomera si la aliyense)

Omwe amagawana bwino ma acidants: asters, sage, aconites, emilia, monarda, gladiolus, coreopsis.

Njira Ya Kukula kwa Acidanthera

Acidanthera amamuwona ngati wodulidwa, dimba komanso chomera. Sikuti mukukula kokha mu dothi lotseguka, komanso mwanjira zina. Monga chomera chilichonse chobiriwira kwambiri kapena chochulukirapo, acidifier ndioyenera ngakhale kuzungulidwa. Acidanthera akumva bwino mu nkhokwe.

Geissoriza pinki ndi zoyera (Geissorhiza roseoalba), mawu ofanana ndi Acidantera pinki ndi azungu (Acidanthera roseoalba). - maulendo akutuluka

Koma chilengedwe chonsechi chili ndi zake zomwe. Acidanthera ndi mbewu yomwe imakonda kukhazikika kwa zinthu zomwe zikukula. Maluwa ake amatengera mwachindunji kutentha ndi kuwunikira, ndipo ngati mukukula kukongola kwake m'mundamo, ndiye kuti kupambana kumadalira osati khama lanu, komanso nyengo. Ngati chilimwe sichinaphule bwino, kugwa mvula, kapena kuzizira kwambiri, ndiye kuti kukongola sikungathenso kutulutsa maluwa amodzi. Koma pazaka zopambana, acidantyo imakweza onse omwe akupikisana nawo.

Zofunikira zofunika ndi ma Acidants

Ndiosavuta kupeza malo oyenera kumunda wa acidanter. Ichi ndichikhalidwe chowoneka bwino, chomwe madera omwe amakhala ndi nyengo yozizira, chifukwa chazovuta za chilimwe, chimabzalidwe bwino pokhapokha ngati kuli dzuwa.

Makamaka pakulima acidants kuyenera kupatsidwa kusankha nthaka. Ndikofunikira kuti acidants ipereke nthaka pangozi yayikulu yokhazikika yamadzi, yoyesedwa ndi kuwala. Dothi liyenera kukhala lamtundu wapamwamba, lotukuka kwambiri komanso chonde. Yang'anani pazomwe zimachitika: acidants amakonda pang'ono dothi acidic.

Muchipinda ndi chikhalidwe champhika, acidantra imafunikira nthawi yomweyo. Zowunikira ziyenera kukhala zowala, koma zosokoneza, zotetezedwa ku dzuwa. Panthawi yogwira ntchito, kutentha kochepa kwambiri kwamapikisidwe ndi 20 digiri Celsius, pomwe malowa sayenera kuti azikhala otentha okha, komanso otetezedwa ku zolemba zochepa. Gawo lokhalo lamtundu woyenera kwambiri komanso lopatsa thanzi ndiloyenera kwa ilo (chisakanizo cha magawo ofanana a turf, nthaka yamasamba, humus ndi mchenga ndikofunikira). Samalani zomwe muli: Acids samakonda dothi laulere lopanda malire, amadzala m'miphika ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 12-15 cm (ndipo kubzala si "limodzi", koma mababu 3-6 mu chidebe chimodzi).

Gladiolus oyera (Gladiolusrelius), mawu ofanana ndi Acidanthera oyera (Acidanthera Candida).

Kubala acidants

Kusintha koyambirira kwa dothi ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri. Ndipo acidants, iyenera kuchitika mu kugwa, osati mchaka isanabzike. Mukakumba, feteleza wachilengedwe (makamaka kompositi) ndi gawo lina la feteleza wathunthu wazitsulo ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa kunthaka, ngati pangafunike, peat, mchenga, ndi ngalande ziyenera kuyikidwa kuti zimalizire chinyezi chambiri. Kusintha kwa nthawi imodzi kutha kubwezeretsedwanso ndikukumba koyenera ndi chinthu chachilengedwe, ndikusakaniza feteleza wathunthu wamafuta ndi dothi kale mukabzala.

Nthawi zakufika kwa Acidanthera ndizochepa. Mwachikhalidwe, mbewuyi imabzalidwa masika, Meyi.

Bulb acidants iyenera kukhala yokonzekera kubzala. Pakadutsa masiku awiri asanaberekedwe, ayenera kutsukidwa ndi chipolopolo, kuwunika ndikukhazikitsa njira yothetsera potaziyamu wambiri mu ndende yochepetsetsa popewa kufalikira kwa tizirombo ndi matenda.

Mukabzala corms, ndikofunikira kuti kuzikhazikitsa mozama kuti mudziteteze kuzizirira usiku. Mababu a Acidanthera amayikidwa pakuya kwa masentimita 10-12, kuti agwirizane bwino bwino. Mtunda waung'ono wa 15-20 masentimita wasiyidwa pakati pa mbewuzo, pomwe njereyo ndi yaying'ono, ndiyomwe imayandikira kwambiri kwa anansi.

Pofuna kuthamangitsa maluwa ndikusangalala ndi kukongola kwa ma acidicanters motalikirapo, mababuwo amatha kubzala m'miphika musanabzalidwe m'nthaka kenako ndikusunthidwa kumunda atatha kutha posachedwa chisanu. Mababu amabzalidwa mumiphika malinga ndi malamulo omwewo monga m'nthaka, koma amawayikamo zochulukirapo, mpaka mababu 3-6 pachidebe chilichonse ndi mulifupi mwake 12-16 cm ndipo osazama kwambiri, masentimita 3-4 okha. m'chipinda chofunda komanso chowala bwino kapena wowonjezera kutentha m'nyumba m'nyumba yowala.

Gladiolus imakonda maluwa kwambiri (Gladiolus floribundus), dzina lofanana ndi Acidanthera maliforum (Acidanthera graminifolia). © agaluoth77

Zipinda zamkati ndi zamatumba sizichotsedwa m'nthaka kuti zizigwiritsa ntchito nthawi yozizira. Amangokhala masika aliwonse, kumapeto kwa nyengo yotsika, amasinthidwa kukhala gawo latsopano malinga ndi malamulo omwewo monga momwe zimakhalira ndi distillation yoyambirira.

Kusamalira Acidan

Acidanthera amafunika kuthirira nthawi zonse. Pazomera izi ndikofunikira kulipirira ngakhale chilala chofewa, koma chisamaliro chikuyenera kutengera kuti madzi asasunthike komanso chinyezi cha dothi sichikhala chambiri.

Mavalidwe apamwamba a acidantra adzafunikira osati kokha zokongola komanso zochulukitsa, komanso kupsa kwachibadwa kwa mababu. Manyowa kwa mbewuyi katatu pachaka:

• nthawi yobzala, ndikusintha nthaka;
• munthawi ya kukula kwambiri, pamene acidantra imakula ndikukula msanga;
• pa maluwa kapena koyambirira kwa maluwa.

Zofunikira zofunikira pa chisamaliro chomera ndikumasulira nthaka ndikumata. Zotsalazo zimakupatsani mwayi wochepetsera chithandizo chofunikira chazomera, chotsani mavuto ambiri. Kuti mulch dothi pansi pa acidanthera, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito peat, ndi kompositi, ndi zida zomera. Ngati mulching siikuchitika, ndiye kuti dothi liyenera kuzungulidwenso, kumasulidwa pambuyo pa mvula kapena kuthirira.

Mosiyana ndi ma bulbs ambiri, mu acidants, kusintha kwa gawo lopuma kuyenera kulimbikitsidwa palokha. Maluwa atangomalizidwa, pafupifupi gawo lonse la acidacea liyenera kudulidwa. Ingosiyani masamba otsika okha ofunikira kuti mababu atuluke.

Geissorhiza Fourcadei, mawu ofanana ndi Acidanthera Fourcadei. - maulendo akutuluka

Ma potenti komanso amkati a m'nyumba amafuna chithandizo chofanana:

• mbewu zimamwetsa madzi pang'ono pomwe pamwamba pazosanjikiza popanda kumiza madzi ndi chilala;
• kuvala pamwamba ndikothekera, ngati kwa ena otuluka maluwa;
• M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa kwathunthu, mababu samakumbidwa, koma amayikidwa mu malo ofunikira mwachindunji ndi dothi.

Kukumba Acidanthera

Fulumira ndi kukumba mababu acidants kuchokera m'nthaka sikuyenera. Mukadulira, mababu amayenera kukhala ndi michere ndi chinyezi, chokhwima. Ndipo kukumba pansi kuchokera pansi kuyenera kuchitika pokhapokha pa nthawi yoyambirira yophukira, osati kale kuposa kumapeto kwa Seputembala kapena kuwongoleredwa ndi nyengo ya nyengo (pansi pamikhalidwe yabwino komanso maluwa osakhalitsa atha kulembedwera mpaka Disembala). Acidanthera amakumbidwa panthaka pang'onopang'ono, ndi dothi lalikulu, lomwe limachotsedwa pamalowo pobzala. Mizu, ngakhale yaying'ono kwambiri, sayenera kudulidwa kapena kuduladula. Mukakumba, zotsalira zonse za nthaka za chomera ziyenera kudulidwa, mababu amayang'aniridwa mosamala ndikukutumiza kuti ziume.

Gawo lowuma la mababu limachitika ndi kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 20 Celsius, ndikutulutsa kwina kwa mpweya. Koma mosiyana ndi mbewu zambiri, za acidants, nthawi yakuuma kokhazikika sikutha masiku 3-4, koma mwezi wathunthu. Kuyanika kumalizidwa ndikuchotsa mizu yowuma, kuyeretsa komaliza kwa acidants.

Panicled Ixia (Ixia paniculata), mawu ofanana ndi Cape Acidanthera (Acidanthera capensis). © Andrew Massyn

Acidanters wozizira

Patatha mwezi wathunthu pakuwumitsa, mababu amayikidwa m'matumba omwe angathandize kuteteza zomwe zabzala kuti zisawoneke komanso chinyezi chambiri, komanso kukhazikika kwa zinthu. Acidanthera iyenera kusungidwa nthawi yachisanu m'malo otentha: kukongola uku ndikofunika mzipinda zokhala ndi mpweya wouma, mpweya wabwino wokhazikika komanso kutentha kwa madigiri 15 Celsius. Ngati tikulankhula za ma potazi omwe amapezeka kuti nthawi yozizira imakhala munthaka youma mwachoko mumakontena, ndiye kuti kutentha kwake ndi madigiri 12 ndikofunikira kwa iwo.

M'madera okhala ndi nyengo yofatsa, acidacean amatha nthawi yozizira m'nthaka osakumba, koma pankhaniyi, mbewu zimafunikira kutetezedwa kwa dzinja pobisalira. Kubzala acidants kumera ndi masamba owuma ndi nthambi zina. Nthawi yomweyo, kuuma komanso kusunthika kwa kutentha ndizofunikira kwambiri pakupambana nyengo yachisanu.

Kuteteza Tizilombo ndi Matenda

Ma Acidanters ndi omwe amakonda nkhono ndi ma slgs. Kubzala kwa mbewuyi kumafuna kukhazikitsa misampha, kuyaluka ndi udzu ndikuwunika mosamala: ngati mutayang'ana maonekedwe a woyamba, ndiye kuti masamba sangasiyidwe kuchokera masamba a acidants. Koma mwa matendawa, ndizochulukitsa modabwitsa zomwe zimadwala kwambiri kuwola. Amawopseza acidants pokhapokha povuta, kuthirira kwambiri.

Gladiolus Muriel, mawu ofanana ndi Acidanthera bicolor. © 99roots

Kubwezeretsa kwa gladiolus onunkhira

Monga mababu onse, acidanthera imaberekana bwino ndi ana, ana aakazi aakazi. Kulekanitsidwa kwawo kumachitika pakufukula kwa acidants, kubzala kumachitika komanso kwa akulu matupala a mizu.

Itha kufalikira ndi acidifier ndi mbewu. Zofesedwa mu February, mu gawo lapamwamba kwambiri ndipo zimamera pansi pa kanema kapena galasi mwachikondi komanso zowala. Ndikofunikira kuti acidants ipereke chinyezi komanso chinyezi chodera. Pamene zimakula, kumasula masamba olimba, mbewu zimalowa m'madzi m'miphika yaying'ono kapena magalasi. Acidanthera wamkulu kuchokera ku mbewu amatulutsa mchaka chachiwiri, ndipo nthawi zina, choncho ndibwino kuti mukule mu poto chikhalidwe m'zaka ziwiri zoyambirira. Acidanthera amabzalidwe m'nthaka pokhapokha ma corms atafika pamitundu yayikulu, amalimba, ndipo nthawi zambiri atayamba maluwa.