Mtengo wobzala wa Ivan-tiyi wa herbaceous Ivan-tiyi (Chamerion angustifolium = Epilobium angustifolium) amatchedwanso Kopor tiyi, kapena wopendekera-patali wamoto, amadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wa banja la tiyi la Ivan wa banja la Kupro. Chomera ichi mwa anthu chili ndi mayina ambiri, mwachitsanzo: ma pollinator, maso a magpie, udzu wa ivan, cypress, njoka, Udzu wa Namwali, tiyi wa Kuril, fulakitchi yakuthengo, placoon, lurid, maudzu, phula, wokoma clover, udzu wa tirigu, tchire labwinoko. Zomera zotere zimapezeka zachilengedwe kudera lonse la kumpoto kwa Nyanja, ndipo zimakonda kumera pamphepete, m'mphepete mwa madzi, m'nkhalango zowala, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, komanso m'malo oyaka amchenga ndi dothi lonyowa. Zadziwika kuti tiyi wa Ivan amawonekera pamoto woyaka ndikutulutsa kaye, pomwe malowo "atadzazidwa" ndi mbewu zina, chikhalidwechi chimatha pang'ono pang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, tiyi wa Ivan mwachilengedwe amatha kukumana nawo pafupi ndi rasipiberi.
Mawonekedwe a Ivan Tea
Kutalika kwa chitsamba chopanda kanthu cha Ivan-tiyi titha kukhala pakati pa 0,5 mpaka 2 metres. Pa mizere yopingasa ndi yopingasa ya kachilomboka kakang'ono kwambiri, pali impso zochulukirapo. Pankhani imeneyi, chikhalidwe ichi chitha kufalitsa bwino pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamasamba. Tsinde losavuta lozungulira ndilopanda popanda tsamba. Pafupipafupi masamba osavuta amatha kukhala owerengeka kapena sessile, ali ndi mawonekedwe owongolera pamwamba, pomwe m'munsi - wedge-tapering kapena pafupifupi. Komanso, masamba ndi olimba kapena owoneka bwino otayika m'mphepete. Kutsogolo kwawo kumakhala kowoneka bwino ndi kupaka utoto wobiriwira, ndipo mbali yolakwika imakhala yofiirira, yofiyira kapena yobiriwira. Kutalika kwa ma mbale ndi pafupifupi masentimita 12, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi pafupifupi masentimita awiri. Kutalika kwa apical racemose inflorescence osowa kwambiri kumasiyana kuchokera pa 0,5 mpaka 0.45 m, kumakhala ndi maluwa osiyidwa ndi anayi ndi mphete yayikulu kuzungulira mzere, womwe umatha kupaka zoyera kapena zapinki. Ivan tiyi amatulutsa m'chigawo chachiwiri cha nthawi yachilimwe, pomwe nthawi yamaluwa imatha milungu inayi. Chipatsocho ndi bokosi lofanana ndi nyemba, mkati mwake momwe muli mbewu zosavunda zomwe zipsa kumapeto kwa nyengo yachilimwe kapena kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira.
Tiyi ya Ivan imalimidwa ngati chomera komanso monga mankhwala azomera, chifukwa munthu adziwa kale za mankhwala ake kale kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, pakati pa mitengo yonse yazomera yomwe imamera m'nkhalango, moto wofesedwa ndi ndiwo uchi wabwino kwambiri.
Kukula Ivan-tiyi (woyesa moto)
Kubzala Ivan-tiyi
Pofesa tiyi wa msondodzi, mutha kusankha tsamba lililonse. Panyengo iyi, anthu akuti: kumunda ndi m'nkhalango kuti muwone woluka. Chikhalidwe ichi chimakhala ndi gawo limodzi, chimathandizira kubwezeretsa komanso kuchiza dothi lomwe limatsirizika mu zinthu zachilengedwe, mwachitsanzo, kugwa kwa nkhalango. Komabe, humus m'nthaka ikadziunjikira pang'onopang'ono, mbewu zina nkuyamba kumera pamalo omwe adawotcha ndi moto, motowo umayamba kuzimiririka.
Tiyi wa Ivan amadziwika kuti ndi wabwino kwambiri, koma pamadera ouma masamba a tchire amakula pang'ono, ndipo iwonso amatsika. Izi ziyenera kukumbukiridwa posankha malo oyenera kufesa. Musanapitirize ndi kufesa mwachindunji, malowa ayenera kukonzedwa, ndipo mwanjira iyi, njira yachilendo imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti muchite izi, kuzungulira kwa malowo, muyenera kukumba dothi lotayirira, lomwe m'lifupi mwake limayenera kukhala masentimita 100. Zitatha izi, moto wamoto uyenera kumangidwa pamalowo, uku akuwuluka masamba, masamba odulira, ndi zinyalala zina za mbewu zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa m'mundamo kapena m'mundamo . Malasha omwe amayambitsa ayenera kumwazikana pamalopo ponsepo, pamwamba pake amafunika kuwazidwa ndi udzu wouma. Pansi pa udzu wonunkhira, mizu yonse ndi mbewu za udzu ndi zomela zina zimapsa ndipo phulusa limatuluka, womwe ndi feteleza wabwino kwambiri wopaka moto.
Mbewu za tiyi ya Ivan ndizopepuka kwambiri, ndipo ngati zifesedwa chisanachitike nthawi yozizira, ndiye kuti mchilimwe chimatsukidwa ndi dothi ndikusungunuka madzi. Motere, kufesa kuyenera kuchitidwa kumapeto kwa chivundikiro chisanasungunuke, pomwe njere zimayenera kuphatikizidwa ndi mchenga kapena kupukutidwa kumapeto. Mbewuzo ziyenera kuyikidwa munthaka osapitirira 15 mm, pomwe mtunda pakati pa malo omwe kale adapangidwa uyenera kukhala kuchokera pa 0.65 mpaka 0.9 m. Mizere yake idasindikizidwa ndi dothi lotayirira. Mbewu zimafunika kuthirira, zomwe zimachitika mosamala, pogwiritsa ntchito kuthilira ndi mutu wosambira kuti. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira mitsinje yamoto ndi mvula kapena kusungunuka madzi. Mbewu za mbewu imeneyi zilibe nyemba zochuluka kwambiri, ndipo mbewu zomwe zikuwoneka kuti zikupeza mphamvu kwa nthawi yayitali. Pa chifukwa ichi, tchire lomwe lakula bwino limangotulutsa chaka chotsatira. Pakati pa tchire mzere, mtunda wa 0,3 mpaka 0,5 uyenera kuyang'aniridwa, koma ngati mbande zakwera kwambiri, ndiye kuti ndizofunikira kuwonda kapena kuwabzala.
Kunja kofikira
Pofalitsa tiyi wa Ivan, njira zamasamba zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito, zomwe zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kuthamanga kwawo komanso kudalirika. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito njira yogawa rhizome, makamaka popeza sizovuta kulima mbewu kuchokera ku mizu ya stolon. Mizu yodziwika bwino ikukula msanga msanga, ndiye kuti zopangira muzizipeza munthawi yochepa. Mutha kugawa ndikubzala mizu mu masiku otsiriza a Marichi kapena masiku oyamba - mu Epulo, komanso nthawi yophukira, kapena, kumapeto kwa Seputembala kapena koyambirira kwa Okutobala. Mizu yochotsedwa mu dothi idulidwadulidwa, kutalika kwake kumatha kukhala pakati pa 50 mpaka 100 mm, iyenera kubzalidwa pamalo oyambira mpaka mainchesi 10 mpaka 15, ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yomweyo yobzala ngati mukukula tiyi wa nthangala . Chifukwa chake, mtunda pakati pa tchire uyenera kuchoka pa 0.3 mpaka 0,5 m, pomwe mtunda pakati pa mizere uyenera kuchoka pa 0.65 mpaka 0.9 m.Mtambowo ukangowonekera, malo omwe ali pamalowo ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi mulch, mtundu womwe mungagwiritse ntchito zinthu zilizonse zachilengedwe: mwachitsanzo: udzu kapena udzu wosenda. Makulidwe a mulching wosanjikiza akuyenera kukhala mainchesi 10.
Ivan Tea Care
M'masiku oyambira kusanachitike kuwoneka kwa mphukira zamoto, pamwamba pake pamalopo pamayenera kukhala ponyowa pang'ono. Mukatha kutalika kwa tchire tating'ono tofanana ndi mainchesi 10 mpaka 12, adzafunika kuthiriridwa kamodzi m'masiku 7. Pa tsiku lotentha, kuthirira kuyenera kukonzedwa kawiri pa sabata. Tulutsani dothi pafupi ndi tchire, komanso kuchotsa udzu kuti ukhale osachepera 1 m'milungu 4. Kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa namsongole, kumasula ndi kuthilira, pamalopo pakuyenera kuphimbidwa ndi mulch, ndipo zinthu zokhazo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Patatha milungu 4 kutumphuka kutumphuka, Ivan-tiyi amadyetsedwa ndi yankho la zitosi zakupsa zomwe zidalowetsedwa. Ndipo m'milungu yotsiriza yophukira, amaphatikiza ndi feteleza wa mchere ndi phulusa.
Asanadye nyengo yachisanu, ndikofunikira kufupikitsa mphukira mpaka 15 cm. Kenako malowo ayenera okutidwa ndi masamba owuma a mtchi kapena mtedza, mungagwiritsenso ntchito singano. Ndi isanayambike masika, kudula mphukira za chaka chatha ndi masamba ophukira ndi nthaka, zomwe zidzatsogolera kukukhula kwa masamba atsopano ndi masamba.
Tiyi wa Ivan ali ndi kukana kwambiri kumatenda ndi tizirombo. Mutha kulima tchire pomwepo kuchokera pa zaka 4 mpaka 5, kenako zimachotsedwa mu dothi, ndikugawidwa m'malo ena ndikubzala kudera lina.
Kusonkhanitsa ndi kusunga tiyi wa msondodzi
Momwe mungatolere tiyi wa tiyi
Zosonkhanitsa zimapangidwa nthawi yamaluwa owombera moto (mu Julayi-Ogasiti). Chitsamba chikayamba kukankha, iwo adzataya zinthu zawo zonse zochiritsa. Pakukolola chomera ichi, chimayenera kusungidwa, kuphatikiza ndi kupukuta. Ngati zonse zachitika molondola, mudzatha kusunga ndikuwonjezera mankhwala a Ivan-tiyi.
Pamsonkho wa zopangira ziyenera kusankha tsiku lotentha. Zosonkherazo zimachitika pambuyo pa 10 am, pomwe mame onse ataphwa masamba. Ngati nyengo yatentha, ndiye kuti njirayi imavomerezeka usiku. Gwirani chitsamba ndi dzanja limodzi pa peduncle, pomwe chachiwiri chizigwira mphukira ndi kugwira kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pakati, pomwe masamba onse azikhala m'manja mwanu. Zingwe pansipa sizofunikira kuti azidula, popeza ndizoyipa kwambiri. Muyenera kusiya masamba 3 kapena 4 a masamba pansi pa maluwawo, monga mmera momwe amafunikira. Zonyansa, fumbi, komanso toyesa matenda sizili bwino kutengera zopangira. Ndipo panthawi yopereka muyenera kuyesera kuti musavulaze mphukira. Muyeneranso kusamala kwambiri ndikupewa kupeza nsikidzi pazopangira. Chifukwa chake, kachilombo kamodzi kabwinobwino kameneka kamatha kuwononga kilogalamu zingapo za zopangira. Ngati mukufuna, mutha kupanga maluwa osiyanasiyana, omwe amalimbikitsidwa kuti ayikeni tiyi.
Malamulo owuma
Kuti zida zophatikizika ziyambe kupesa, ziyenera kupukuta. Poyamba, sinthani masamba, kuchotsa onse ovulala ndi omwe akhudzidwa ndi matendawa. Pambuyo pake, iyenera kugawidwa m'chipinda chamdima pa thonje losenda bwino kapena thaulo lansalu, pomwe makulidwe osanjikiza ayenera kuchokera 30 mpaka 50 mm. Kutentha kwa mpweya mchipindacho kuyenera kusungidwa kuyambira 20 mpaka 24 degrees. Kutalika kwa ntchito yakuchulukitsa ndi maola osachepera 12, pomwe kuyanika yunifolomu, zopaka ziyenera kupakidwa nthawi zonse. Kuti mumvetsetse kuti nayonso mphamvu yakuzizira yatha, muyenera kutenga pepala limodzi ndikulimata pakati. Ngati nthawi yomweyo mukumva crunch ikusweka ndi midrib, ndiye kuti izi zikutanthauza kuti zopangidwazo sizinafike pakufunika. Potsatira, masamba owuma, powafinya kuti akhale mtanda, sayenera kuwongoledwa.
Mipira yovunda ya tiyi wa Ivan
Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa mwatsatanetsatane njira zomwe zimapangitsa masamba a fireweed kukhala zonunkhira zamankhwala. Masamba atachira bwino, ndikofunikira kuwononga kapangidwe ka masamba, chifukwa amayamba kubisirana madzi, ndipo mumakhala zinthu zina zomwe zimathandizira kupesa. Ngati sipangakhale madzi okwanira, ndiye kuti izi sizingakhudze mpweya wa zinthu zopanda pake, zomwe sizingakhudze kununkhira ndi kukoma kwa tiyi m'njira yabwino.
Sanjani masamba onse mosamala, pomwe azikulungika pakati pa manja. Pambuyo pa izi, zopangira ziyenera kukhala zodzazidwa kwambiri ndi mitsuko ya galasi 3, yomwe imakutidwa ndi nsalu yopukutira pamwamba. Zopangira zimakhala ndi zaka pafupifupi 36, pomwe zimatsukidwa m'malo amdima kutentha. Zipangizo zochotsera zitinizi zimasulidwa ndikuziwotcha mu uvuni, kuyika kutentha kuchokera madigiri 95 mpaka 110, chitseko sichikufunika kutsekedwa. Masamba amayenera kulimbikitsidwa mwadongosolo. Kuti zisungidwe, tiyi womalizidwa umathiridwa mumtsuko wa pulasitiki kapena galasi, lomwe limatsekedwa mwamphamvu ndi chivindikiro. Pamalo amdima, tiyi wotere amatha kusungidwa pafupifupi zaka zitatu.
Zikachitika kuti zopangira ndizochulukitsa kwambiri, koma palibe nthawi yowonjezera, ndiye m'malo mongowupaka ndi manja, zimadutsa chopukusira nyama. Komatu mphamvu zakuchiritsa ndi kukoma kwa tiyi wokonzedwayo sizikhala zamphamvu kwambiri. Zinthu zophwidwazo zimaphimbidwa kuchokera pamwamba ndi nsalu yopukutira ndikusungidwa kwa maola 6-8. Muzimva zopaka, ngati mawonekedwe ake ali ofanana ndi mphira wofewa, ndiye kuti mutha kuyamba kuyanika. Masamba amayikidwa papepala lophika ndi wosalala. Kuti ziume, uvuni imayikidwa kutentha madigiri 100, kumbukirani kuti chitseko sichiyenera kutsekedwa, ndipo zinthu zosaphika ziyenera kusakanizidwa mwadongosolo. Ntchito yokomera ikatha, kutentha kuyenera kuchulukitsidwa pang'ono, kuti tiyi akhoza kuphika (izi ndizomwe zili ndi nyemba za khofi). Izi zimathandizira kukonza mtundu ndi kukoma kwa tiyi. Popewa kuwotcha zinthu zopangira, pansi pa uvuni kuyenera kuyikidwa pansi ndi matailosi oyanganira. Tiya misa siziwuma osaposa maola awiri.
Katundu wa Ivan-tiyi: kuvulaza ndi kupindula
Zothandiza pa Ivan-tiyi
Monga zida zopangira mankhwala, masamba a masamba, mphukira, mizu ndi maluwa oyaka moto amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zomwe zimapangidwira zimaphatikizira ascorbic acid, pomwe ndizowonjezereka katatu kuposa malalanje. Mulinso mavitamini a B, carotene, tannins, pectins, tannins, dzuwa, macronutrients: magnesium, calcium, potaziyamu, kufufuza zinthu zamkuwa, chitsulo, manganese ndi zinthu zina zofunikira.
Fireweed imakhala yotakasuka, yokuta, antipyretic, sedative ndi anti-yotupa. Amawerengedwa ngati antioxidant wachilengedwe wamphamvu komanso woyeretsa. Mwa amuna, zimawonjezera mphamvu. Kuphatikiza apo, tiyi wa Ivan amathandizanso magazi magazi, kuthetsa nkhawa ndi kukhumudwa, kupweteka m'mutu (kumathandizanso ndi migraines), kuthamangitsa mapangidwe a magazi. Ndipo zimalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa Prostate adenoma mu chotupa chovulaza, kumathandizira kuchepa kwa magazi, kulimbitsa mizu ya tsitsi, kuchepetsa kukalamba kwa khungu, pomwe iwo amakhala otanuka komanso otanuka.
Tiyi amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa komanso kuchiza matenda monga kuchepa magazi, matenda am'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba, colitis, enterocolitis, kapamba ndi vuto la m'mimba, kusabereka, urolithiasis, bronchitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis, tracheitis, chifuwa chachikulu cha m'mapapo komanso kagayidwe kachakudya matenda a pakhungu.
Makhalidwe abwino, fungo labwino ndi mtundu wa tiyi wa Kopor mwachindunji zimatengera mtundu wamadzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuposa zonse, chakumwa chomwecho chimapezeka m'madzi a kasupe kapena kusungunuka. Koma kupanga tiyi molondola? Kuti muchite izi, ma tiyi angapo ang'onoang'ono a tiyi amaphatikizidwa ndi 1-2 tbsp. madzi atsopano owiritsa. Pambuyo mphindi 10-15 tiyi adzakhala okonzeka kumwa. Tiyi imakhala yokoma komanso yotsekemera. Mukamawotha zakumwa zozizira, muyenera kukumbukira kuti sizingachitike chifukwa chithupsa, chifukwa chifukwa cha izi, kununkhira kwake kwapadera kudzatha. Kumwa chakumwachi kumalimbikitsidwa popanda shuga, koma mutha kugwiritsa ntchito uchi, zoumba zouma zouma, ma apricots owuma, halva kapena masiku.
Mutha kuwotcha tiyi pogwiritsa ntchito zitsamba zatsopano. Pansi pa poto yopanda chopanda, masamba owoneka bwino ayenera kuyikidwa, ndipo makulidwe osanjikiza 30 mpaka 50 mm. Madzi osungunuka kapena oyeretsedwa amatsanuliramo mpaka kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 10. Osakaniza ayenera kutentha pa moto wochepa. Mukathira madzi otentha, chotsani msuzi mu chitofu ndikutseka ndi chivindikiro. Pambuyo mphindi 10, chakumwa chidzakhala chokonzeka.
Kulowetsedwa ndi decoction a ma rhizomes ndi masamba a fireweed amakhalanso mankhwala. Chomerachi chimaphatikizidwanso mu mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala azitsamba.
Contraindication
Kumwa tiyi wa Ivan sayenera kudyedwa pamaso pa tsankho la munthu. Komanso, sizifunikira kuledzera ndikuwonjezereka kwa magazi ndi matenda okhudzana. Pogwiritsa ntchito tiyi pafupipafupi kwa milungu inayi, kutsekula m'mimba kumatha kuyamba. Zotsatira zoyipa zomwezi zimachitika pakamwa mowa wambiri.
