Anthurium ndi mtundu wa banja la Aroid. Oyimira amtundu makamaka a epiphytes. Dziko lanyengo zam'madera otentha ndi dera lotentha la North ndi South America, komanso mitundu ina ya maluwayi imabzalidwa ndi alimi athu akamasamalira kwawo.
Zambiri
Duwa limatanthauzira ngati duwa la mchira, chifukwa duwa limangokhala pakatikati pamakutu ndi makutu, ndipo mawonekedwe owoneka bwino akakhala chophimbira cha masamba. Anthu amatcha "chisangalalo chachimuna" cha anthurium, chifukwa ndichikhalidwe kupatsa izi kwa amuna. Kuyika maluwa ndi mitundu yamasamba kumasiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana.
Zolimbidwa ndimitundu yambiri ya anthurium, yomwe mkati mwake muli nyumba ndi munda. Ichi ndi chomera chakupha, musalole ana ndi nyama kuti azikumana nacho, komanso kudya zipatso.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya anthurium
Anthurium Andre - amachokera kumapiri a Colombia ndi Ecuador. Ili ndi mphukira yayifupi, mizu ya mlengalenga. Masamba ndi akulu, gloss, anaika petioles. Duwa limakhala lachikaso kapena utoto mumithunzi yake, likhoza kukhala zonona. Chophimbacho ndi choyera kwambiri, koma ndichopaka utoto wofiirira kapena wapinki. Zowonjezera ndi mitundu yambiri zimachokera ku mtunduwu.
Anthurium Baker - ili ndi tsinde lochepa komanso masamba yayitali, yopapatiza. Pamwambapo tsamba limakhala lobiriwira, ndipo pansi limakongoletsedwa ndi zokongoletsera zamtundu wakuda. Palembali limakhala lokwera mpaka 30 cm, duwa lokha limakhala lotsekemera, tsamba lomwe limazungulira ndi bicolor - pakati ndi achikasu ndi tint yobiriwira, ndipo m'mbali mwake ndi lilac.
Akuluakulu a Anthurium - Imakhala ngati Anthurium ya krustalo. Kusiyana pakati pa awiriwa ndi petiole. Mukulirapo, ndi tchalitchi chamtundu, pomwe mkati mwake mumakhala kuzungulira. Mitsempha ya anthurium opambana ndi maolivi mu maonekedwe, osati siliva.
Anthurium Hooker - amachokera kumalo otentha. Ili ndi masamba akulu okhala ndi mangamanga pansi, oikidwa pa petioles zazitali. Kutulutsa 50 cm peduncle. Duwa nalinso lalitali, litakutidwa ndi bulangete wobiriwira pansipa.
Kukwera kwa Anthurium - Ili ndi chikanga chachikulu komanso tsinde lalitali lomwe limafikira mita. Masamba a Leathery amasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Chifuchicho ndi chaching'ono ndipo chimaoneka chobiriwira.
Anthurium multifractured - Awa ndi anthurium liana. Adasokoneza masamba a lanceolate okhala ndi m'mbali mwa wavy.
Anthurium Crystal - epiphyte iyi ili ndi caudex yomwe imatha kuikidwa gawo lapansi. Masamba ndi akulu kwambiri, ali pa petioles, mitsempha yokhala ndi siliva. Phula limakhala mpaka masentimita 50, ndipo duwa limakhala pafupifupi masentimita 20. Chophimba kuzungulira duwa ndi chobiriwira chopepuka ndi violet hue, kwenikweni sichidutsa 10 cm.
Anthurium Scherzer - Epiphyte uyu wokhala ndi zikopa zamafuta kapena masamba apakhosi amiyala omwe ali pa petioles. Duwa lozungulira limakongoletsedwa ndi mtundu wowala pakati pakatikati kofiira ndi lalanje.
Anthony Mfumukazi Ili ndi mtundu wosadziwika womwe umakopa ndi chophimba chamaluwa amdima, omwe nthawi zina nthawi zake zimakhala zakuda.
Cavalli osiyanasiyana Komanso chachilendo kwambiri, popeza khutu komanso chomerapo mozungulira chimakhala cha mtundu wowala wa lilac.
Kuyatsa kalasi jolie tcherani khutu chifukwa ili ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka.
Mwa mitundu yotsala ikhoza kusiyanitsidwa fiorino, andrianum, dakota, mwana boomerkoma pali ena ambiri.
Ngati mwagula Kusakaniza kwa Anthurium, ndiye izi ndizophatikiza zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamtundu umodzi kapena mitundu ingapo ya anthurium.
Chisamaliro cha kunyumba cha Anthurium
Kusamalira anthu panyumba sikuli kovuta, kumangofunika kudziwa. Chomera chimafunikira kuunikira, kuwunika, sizingatheke kuti kuwala kwadzuwa kolunjika pam masamba a duwa.
Anthurium amakonda kutentha chifukwa chake kutentha kwa nyengo yotentha ndi yotentha kuyenera kusungidwa pafupifupi 25 ° C. Kugwera pansi pa 20 ° C kumakhala kovulaza ndipo kumayambitsa matenda.
Kuyambira koyambirira kwa nthawi yophukira mpaka kuphukira, kutentha kumasungidwa pafupifupi 17 ° C. Kwa Scherber Anthurium, pafupifupi 13 ° C kwa miyezi iwiri, kenako nkukwera mpaka 17 ° C. Duwa ili limakonda kwambiri zokongoletsera komanso kusintha kwa kutentha, kotero muyenera kutsitsa ndikuwukweza bwino kuti musavulaze anthurium.
Momwe mungamwere madzi anthurium
Nthawi yakula, mmera umafunika kuthirira wabwino, zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa pomwe theka la dothi lomwe lili muchomacho ndi maluwa owuma. Madzi othirira amafunika mvula yokhazikika, yolimba, makamaka mvula. Ndikwabwino kuthilira pansi, kuti madzi asagwere pamtengowo.
Ngakhale duwa limakonda chinyezi, koma pang'ono. Ndikwabwino kuthilira pang'ono pang'ono kuposa kuponyera zinyalala zowola m'zotayira. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira m'masiku asanu ndi awiri ndikokwanira.
Anthurium imafuna chinyezi chachikulu (pafupifupi 90%). Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, sakanizani ndi madzi ofewa, ndikuyika mphika wamaluwa mchidebe chadongo chokulirapo. Mukapopera, simungalole kuti madontho agwire maluwa, koma kugwera masamba okha.
Momwe manyowa anthurium
Anthurium iyenera kuti itengulidwe. Mukamachita opaleshoni iyi, kumbukirani kuti kuvala zovala zapamwamba kumayenera kukhala kocheperako poyerekezera phukusi. Muyenera kuthira duwa lanyengo yachilimwe-nthawi yachilimwe kawiri pamwezi ndi theka. Feteleza zachilengedwe zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito.
Anthurium sakonda feteleza wambiri, chifukwa chake ngati mukukayika, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mlingo wotsika. Ngati mbewu yanu idwala kapena mukupeza tizirombo, ndiye kuthira feteleza kuyenera kuyimitsidwa musanachiritse.
Kuonetsetsa kuti maluwa apamwamba ndi maluwa apamwamba kwambiri, muyenera kukhala ndi kutentha kuzizira. Ngati mupereka feteleza wa mbewuyo ndi chisamaliro chonse chofunikira, ndiye kuti imaphuka kuyambira Meyi mpaka m'dzinja. Palinso mitundu yosakanizidwa yomwe imaphukira pafupifupi chaka. Ma inflorescence owoneka bwino ayenera kudulidwa, kotero maluwa ang'onoang'ono amawoneka bwino. Masamba nthawi zambiri samadulira.
Kuti mupeze njere muyenera kudzimana mungu ndikusunthira mungu ndi burashi pakati pa maluwa.
Kupatsirana kwa Anthurium kunyumba
Pankhani yogula chomera m'sitolo, posachedwa ifunika kuikidwa mumphika wokulirapo, popeza zomwe muli momwe maluwa amagulitsidwira nthawi zambiri sizikhala zabwino kwa iwo.
Phukusi la anthurium kunyumba limachitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena chilimwe. Chitani izi ngati mbewuyo "yakula" kuchokera mumphika wakale kapena ngati dothi lasintha kapangidwe kake. Mitengo ya anthu achinyamata imafunikira kulocha m'malo chaka chilichonse, ndipo mbewu zakale pachaka chilichonse kapena zaka zitatu.
Miphika ya anthurium iyenera kutengedwa kuchokera pulasitiki kapena galasi. Ngati mukufuna chidebe chadongo, ndiye kuti chikuyenera kuphimbidwa ndi icing mkati, apo ayi mizu idzakulira mumphika. Ndikwabwino kuti musatenge kwambiri zakuya komanso zazing'onoting'ono, popeza madzi mkati mwake nthawi zambiri amasayenda.
Ponena za gawo lapansi, mutha kugula nthaka ya orchid, kapena mutha kupanga dothi la anthurium nokha. Kuphatikizanso peat, tsamba komanso dziko la coniffort, komanso mchenga (1: 1: 1: 0.5), kuwonjezera pa izi, muyenera kuwonjezera makala ndi khungwa la mitengo ya coniferous.
Ndikofunikira kuchotsa mosamala anthurium pachidebe chakale, chifukwa mizu yake ndi yovuta. Rhizome iyenera kutsukidwa ndi dothi ndikuchotsa mbali zowola. Kenako amathandizidwa ndi phytolavin ndikuyika mumphika wina, ndipo ngalandezo zayikidwa kale.
Nthaka yatsopano imatsanulidwa kotero kuti imakhazikika bwino, ndipo pamapeto pake imaphwanyidwa. Kumapeto kwa gawo lapansi sikuyenera kufika pamwamba pa mphika kwa masentimita angapo. Mosiyana ndi mbewu zina zambiri, anthurium amathanso kuiika nthawi yamaluwa, popeza siyimvera kwambiri njirayi.
Momwe mungagawanitsire anthurium panthawi yothira
Poika mbewu, mutha kupanga zokolola za anthurium pogawa chitsamba. Maluwa achichepere sangathe kugawidwa. Koyamba kuchitidwa izi kungachitike pokhapokha zaka 4 zamoyo chomera.
Maluso apadera safunikira konse. Mumangofunika kugawaniza chitsamba kuti mgawowo uliwonse panali masamba ndi masamba. Kenako amangokhala pansi ndikuthirira.
Kusamalidwa posamutsa sikusiyana ndi chisamaliro chanyumba chanthawi zonse. Mawu okha ndi kuchotsa kwa kavalidwe kapamwamba masiku 15 mutabadwa.
Anthurium ochokera kumbewu kunyumba
Pambuyo pakufinya kwamaluwa, mbewu zimatuluka ndipo zitangokhwima, ndipo zimatenga mpaka miyezi 10, muyenera kubzala. Sizikupanga nzeru kusungitsa mbewu, chifukwa zimataya kumera msanga.
Mbewu zimachotsedwa mu zipatso, kutsukidwa ndikusungidwa kwa mphindi zingapo mu njira yothetsera ya potaziyamu permanganate. Pofesa mufunika nthaka yolimba, yokhala ndi dothi lapamwamba kwambiri. Mbewu ziyenera kuyikidwa pansi ndikuzikakamira mosavuta.
Kenako, chidacho chimakutidwa ndi galasi ndipo matenthedwe pafupi naye amasungidwa pafupifupi 22 ° C. Pakatha masiku pafupifupi 15, mbande zimatuluka, zomwe zikapangika masamba awiri kapena atatu owona zimadzalowa mu dothi la anthu akuluakulu ndikuwonjezera mullein. Mbeu zikamakula, zimafunika kukhazikitsidwa m'miphika yayikulu.
Ndibwino kuti pachimake mbeu kuchokera pachaka chokha mchaka chachisanu. Izi zisanachitike, maluwa amakhala ofooka. Chonde dziwani kuti mbewu zikafalikira, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zimatayika. Chifukwa cha zochitika zakumapeto, anthurium nthawi zambiri imafalitsidwa ndi odulidwa.
Kubalana kwa Anthurium pambali yakumphukira
Ana obadwa nawo pambuyo pake amalekanitsidwa ndi chomera ndikuwoka m'chiwiya china ndi mchenga kapena perlite. Amakutidwa ndi galasi ndipo amathandizira kupuma komanso kupukutidwa nthawi ndi nthawi.
Kutentha kwa mapangidwe a mizu kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 23 ° C. Kenako, mbande amazika m'nthaka kuti zimere bwino.
