Kufotokozera - nthumwi yoyimira banja la a Gesneriev. Ichi ndi chomera chosasinthika, ngakhale woyambitsa yekha akhoza kuchikwanira. Choyimira nyumba ichi sichikhala ndi maluwa okongola okha, komanso masamba, omwe ali abwino kwambiri pofotokozera. Masamba a Velvety ataphimbidwa ndi mitundu yodabwitsa amatha kupepuka. Kuyang'ana chomera, zikuwoneka kuti chikuwala. Ngati mungayang'ane malongosoledwewo molondola, angakusangalatseni ndi maluwa ofiira kapena ofiirira.
Mafotokozedwewa akukhudzana ndi zomera zamtchire zamera. Dziko lakwawo ndi nkhalango zotentha za ku Central America. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake kompaka, duwa limawoneka labwino muzibzala mitengo.
Zosamalidwa kunyumba
Kusankha kwampando
Kufotokozaku kukutanthauza mbewu za chithunzi. Amakonda kuwala kosangalatsa. Popewa kuwotchedwa, mbewuyo iyenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa. Kupanda kutero, masambawo adzataya mtundu wawo, ndipo maluwa adzakutidwa ndi kufota. Duwa lakunja silikhala lokongola ngati kale. Malongosoledwe omasuka kwambiri adzakhala pawindo lakumawa kapena kumadzulo. Mawindo akumpoto nawonso ndioyenera kwa iye. Ndipo ndikwabwino kukana mawindo akumwera. Koma ngati mawindo a nyumbayo adayang'ana mbali yakumwera, simuyenera kukhumudwa. Malo abwino akhoza kukhala kukhoma kapena mbali yakumbuyo, pomwe mbewuyo ingayikidwe pa alumali kapena kuyimitsidwa mumphika. M'nyengo yozizira, kutacha kutacha, maluwa amafunika kuwunikidwa.
Kutentha
Palibe zofunika zapadera za kutentha kwa chipinda pofotokozera. M'nyengo yozizira, safunikira kukonzekera nthawi yopuma. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa izo ndi madigiri 20-25. Chomera sichitha kufa ndi kutentha kwa 35 digiri, ngati chinyezi chikhalebe. Kutentha kotsika ndi madigiri 16, mbewuyo imatha.
Kuthirira
Episia imafunikira kuthirira pang'ono. Mtengowo umathiriridwa pomwe dothi lapamwamba limawuma (patatha masiku awiri mutathilira). Pakati kuthirira sayenera kukhala wouma kwathunthu. Popewa kukula kwa matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi, madzi sayenera kuzimiririka poto. Kuthirira, madzi ofewa pa kutentha kwa firiji (osamalidwa bwino kapena mvula) ndi oyenera. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa pang'ono. Ngakhale chomera sichikhala ndi nthawi yotentha, nthawi yozizira khunyu sifunikira chinyontho monga chilimwe. Mukathirira, madzi sayenera kugwera pamasamba a dimba lakunja. Ndi bwino kutsatira kuthirira.
Chinyezi
Pofotokozera za chinyezi chambiri mchipindamu ndizofunikira kwambiri. Pofuna kuwola masamba, mbewuyo singathe kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Njira yabwino ndiyoti muike mphikawo pofotokozeramo thireyi okhala ndi timiyala tonyowa. Ngati chomera chikuyimitsidwa, sankhani mphika wambiri, ndipo wothira sphagnum moss umayikidwa pakati pa khoma.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Mafotokozedwe ndi feteleza woyenera komanso wathanzi. Zomera zimayamba kudyetsa masika, nthawi ya kukula kwambiri. Feteleza umagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pa masabata awiri, kutsatira malangizo omwe afotokozedwa.
Thirani
Mafotokozedwe ake amatanthauza mbewu zomwe zimasulidwa chaka chilichonse, chifukwa zimakula mwachangu. Kwa iye, ndibwino kuti musankhe miphika yotsika, yayikulu. Zofunikanso ndi mbale. Kamodzi pachaka, sungathe kuuchotsa mbewuzo ngati mutasamutsira pachidebe chokulirapo, kudzaza malo abwino pamwamba. Komabe, maluwa onse a 2-3 ayenera kusinthidwa, kusinthiratu nthaka.
Mafotokozedwe amakula bwino mu gawo lapansi la sepolia. Muthanso kukonzanso dothi panu mwa kuphatikiza magawo awiri a dothi lamasamba, gawo limodzi la mchenga ndi peat, makala ochepa osweka ndi makala osweka a sphagnum moss. Zigawo ziwiri zomaliza zimathandiza kuti nthaka isasanduke. Kuti madzi asasendeke pamizu ya mbewuzo, ndikofunikira kusamalira chitsa chabwino ndi mabowo pansi pamphika.
Kudula, kupanga mawonekedwe
Episcia imakula ndikukula msanga. Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kufalikira modziyimira payokha pogwiritsa ntchito njira zokwawa, monga chlorophytum kapena sitiroberi. Mukapanda kusamalira mmera, chitsamba chimamera bwino, koma chimaoneka chovunda. Kuti duwa lamkati likhale ndi mawonekedwe okongola, muyenera kutsatira. Mphukira zokhala ndi zitsulo za mwana wamkazi ziyenera kudulidwa pafupipafupi. Ngati malongosoledwe achichepere akusowa, maukonde amabzalidwa mumphika. Pambuyo pake, mbewuyo imapatsidwa mawonekedwe omwe amakondedwa kwambiri.
Kuswana
Chomera chimafalitsidwa ndi tsinde kudula, rosettes ndi mbewu. Njira yofalitsira mbewu ndiyabwino kwa alimi odziwa ntchito. Oyambira m'maluwa akulimbikitsidwa kuti akhalebe pamasamba azomera. Ana obadwa kumene a epistemy ndi oyambira. Izi zimachitika bwino mchaka, kutenga mwana malo ogulitsira (simukuyenera kudula masharubu kuchokera kwa mayi chomera) ndikumayiyika mu chidebe chaching'ono. Kuti mupeze mizu, tengani chisakanizo cha peat ndi mchenga. Pa kutentha kwa chipinda pafupifupi madigiri 23-24, kuzika kwamizu sikukutenga masiku opitilira 10. Pakadula mizu, imadulidwa ndi masharubu ndikuikika mumphika wokhazikika.
Kudalitsidwako kufalitsa kumavutanso kufalitsa. Kuti muchite izi, tengani zodulidwa kuchokera kwa achinyamata, ophukira opanda mphukira popanda mfundo zina ndi mfundo zitatu. Zodulidwazo zimatha kuzika mizu m'madzi komanso mu dothi lopangidwa ndi peat ndi mchenga. Imakutidwa ndi mtsuko kapena kapu ya pulasitiki. Mizu yake ikapangidwa, chomera chaching'ono chimasinthidwira mumphika.
Kukula Zinthu
Kuti chomera chiwoneke bwino, ndikofunikira kutsatira zina zofunika kuzisamalira. Epulopu amamva bwino kumbali ya zenera mumadzala wopendekera. Kuti mupeze "cartoon wowala", simungathe kuyisunthira ndikusintha. Kupanda kutero, zithunzi zokongola za masamba sizigwira ntchito.
Ndikofunikanso kupanga mbeuyo moyenera. Mphukira zoyambirira ndi mphukira za chomera chachikulu siziyenera kupachikika kuti zitsamba zisawululidwe ndikuwuzika kumalire. Mukabzala, ndikofunikira kulimbitsa kabati ndikumata mphukira kwa iyo yomwe imabwerera kumbuyo. Thandizo likadzaza, malongosoledowo amakhala ochulukirapo.
Matenda, tizirombo
Kufotokozedwaku sikumakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo tomwe timayambitsa mbewu. Kwa iwo, duwa lakunja silikuwoneka lokongola. Koma nthawi zina, ndi chisamaliro chosayenera, imagwidwa ndi mizu, ma aphid, ndi mealybugs. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timagwiritsa ntchito kuthana nawo.
Choopsa chachikulu pamtengowo ndi kuvunda. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matendawa akhazikike ndikuthirira mopambanitsa, kuyatsa kosakwanira, komanso kukonza pamtunda wochepa nthawi yozizira. Vuto lodwala limawoneka lowopsa ngakhale ndi dothi lonyowa mumphika. Ndikosavuta kupulumutsa mbewu yotere, chifukwa chake amadula ndikudulapo. Poto pomwe panali kachilomboka idayenera kuwiritsa ndipo nthaka nkuitaya.
