Clematis, kapena nthambi ya mphesa

Kuyamba kwa kulima clematis ku Western Europe kudayamba m'zaka za zana la 16, ndipo ku Japan, chikhalidwe cha clematis chili ndi mbiri yayitali kwambiri. Ku Russia, clematis adawoneka koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1800 monga mbewu zobiriwira. Ntchito yogwira pakulima ndi kukhazikitsa clematis mdziko lathu idayamba kupanga mkati mwa zaka za m'ma 1900 zokha. Chifukwa cha ntchito yobereketsa, mitundu yokongola ndi mitundu inalengedwa, zomwe zikugogomezeranso chidwi chapadera cha mbewu zokongola izi.

Clematis. © Ben O'Bryan

Clematis, kapena clematis, kapena lozenges (Clematis)

Banja la agulugufe. Mwa mitundu pafupifupi 300 yomwe imapanga mtundu wa Clematis, 108 imamera ku China. Dzinali limachokera ku liwu lachi Greek loti "clematis", lotanthauza "nthambi kapena mphukira wa mphesa". Mu Russia, Clematis amatchedwa "clematis". Clematis - zisamba, zitsamba kapena udzu wobiriwira wokhala ndimitengo yosinthika yomwe imatha kufera nyengo yachisanu kapena yozizira ikakhala pogona. Kutengera kukula kwa duwa, maluwa yaying'ono (mpaka 5 cm mulifupi) ndi maluwa akulu (oposa 5 cm) clematis amadziwika. Zomera zomwe zimafalitsidwa ndi njere, ndi zosinthika - magawidwe a chitsamba kapena kudula.

Khalenda yantchito

Njira zoyenera komanso masiku oyenerana ndi chisamaliro cha clematis.

Nthawi ya njira imodzi kapena yina yolima imadalira malo omwe malowa adakhalapo komanso momwe nyengo iliri. Kupenyerera kwanu kwa kakulidwe ndi kakulidwe kazomera kukupangitsani kusintha kwantchito.

Ntchito yosamalira anthu achikulire ikuyamba mu Epulo.

Epulo. Kuyambira pakati pa mwezi, malo okhala nthawi yachisanu amayenera kuchotsedwa pang'onopang'ono. Osathamanga. Mukachotsa pogona ponsepo, panthaka pofika chimphepo chamchere kwambiri, ndipo chisanu chitha kuwononga khosi lomwe limakhala chovuta kwambiri pachomera. Kugawa khosi muzu kuchokera ku masika owundana ndi komwe kumapangitsa kwambiri kufa kwa clematis.
Meyi. Kukonzanso kwa masika kwa mbewu. Mutha kufalitsa mbande zazing'ono kumalo osatha ndikugawa tchire zakale. Kumasula, kudula. Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa zothandizira zatsopano za clematis kapena onani kudalirika kwa zakale. Pamene mphukira zikukula, zimangirizidwa ndi zothandizira.
Ngati zikumera za mbewu zina sizimawonekera, ndiye kuti kunena zaimfa kumakhalabe msanga. Sungani mosamala ndikuwona momwe impso ndi mizu yake zilili. Nthawi zina zimakhala zofunikira kukumba chomera, kutsuka m'madzi, kugawanika ndi kuchuluka kwa masamba ndi kubzala m'malo atsopano. Ndipo nthawi zina - ingodikirani kuti muyambe kukula.
Juni. - kukula kwa clematis. Kudulira, kumasula, Ndikofunika kutsanulira clematis ndi mkaka wa mandimu ndikudya slurry.
Julayi. Maluwa odukiza a clematis onse m'munda mwanu. Panyengo yovuta, kuthirira ndikofunikira. Kutsirira sikuyenera kukhala kosowa, koma kokwanira. Kamodzi masabata awiri aliwonse, mutha kudyetsa ndi feteleza komanso mchere wa mchere.
Ogasiti. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera phulusa povala pamwamba. Izi zimathandizira kuti zipangidwe zabwinobwino zamkati ndikupanga bwino zovuta za nyengo yozizira. Feteleza ndi feteleza wachilengedwe ndi nayitrogeni pang'ono ndi pang'ono amaleka. Mu Ogasiti, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira thanzi la tchire. Matendawa monga kufinya clematis, nthawi zambiri amadziwulula mu Ogasiti.
Seputembala. Kumasulira nthaka, udzu. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumayimitsidwa. Mutha kusinthira mbewu kumalo opambana.
Okutobala. Pakati pa mwezi, kudula kwa clematis kudayamba. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti muzu wamizu wokutidwa ndi dziko lapansi. Ngati ili pamtunda, ndiye kuti iyenera kuwazidwa ndi humus kapena kompositi. Ndi kuchepa kwa kutentha kwa mlengalenga, mbewu zimayamba pang'onopang'ono pogona.
Novembala. Ndi isanayambike chisanu, nyengo yadzuwa, malizani clematis pogona nyengo yachisanu. Chimodzi mwa zoopsa zazikulu ndikuyamba chisanu chisanazigwe. Ndi chipale chofewa chokhazikika, clematis safunika pobisalira konse, koma chisanu pambuyo poti thaw ikhoza kuwononga mbewu.

Pokhala mutaphimba clematis nyengo yachisanu, mutha kugawanika mosamala ndi zokonda zanu musananyike.

Clematis Jackman (Clematis jackmanii). © anne arnould

Tikufika

Popeza clematis imatha kukhala malo amodzi kwa zaka zopitilira 20, amakonzanso pansi kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri kukumba mabowo okhala ndi kukula osachepera 60x60x60 cm, ndipo pakufikira gulu malowo amakonzedwa kudera lonselo. Ndowa ziwiri za humus kapena kompositi, 1 ndowa ya peat ndi mchenga, 100-150 g ya superphosphate, 200 g yodzala feteleza wopatsa, makamaka 100 g yamafupa chakudya, amasakanikirana ndi pamwamba lapansi, kutulutsidwa mu dzenje ndikuyeretsa mizu ya namsongole. -200 g wa laimu kapena choko, 200 ga phulusa. Pa dothi lowala, peat yambiri, masamba humus ndi dongo zimawonjezeredwa. Ngati dothi lomwe linali m'derali ndi lonyowa, lowongoka kapena dongo, ndiye kuti mwala wosweka wa masentimita 10-1 5, wosanjikiza njerwa kapena mchenga wowuma umathiridwa pansi pa dzenjelo. Dothi losakanizika bwino limatsanulidwa mu dzenje ndikuwumbika. Madera akumwera, ndikofunikira kuchita izi kumapeto (kuyambira kumapeto kwa Seputembala mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Novembala; mkanjira yapakati, nthawi yabwino ndi Seputembala (nyengo yotentha - kenako)), wobzala clematis ngakhale kumpoto kumapeto kwa kasupe (kumapeto kwa Epulo - Meyi) kapena koyambilira kwa nyundo. Zitha kubzalidwa nthawi iliyonse (kupatula yozizira, kumene).

Pakati pa dzenje khazikitsani thandizo lolimba. Chingwe cha taut sichikhala choyenera pano, sichiteteza zingwe zazing'onoting'ono zazing'ono kuzungulira mphepo. Popeza mwadzaza dzenjelo ndi dothi pafupi pang'ono, pangani mulu pomwe mizu ya clematis imawongoka mbali ndi pansi. Kugwira mbewuyo ndi dzanja lanu, tsanulirani zosakaniza pamizu, kuonetsetsa kuti clematis yabzalidwa ndikuzama. Pokhapokha ndipamene amapanga maziko olimbikira, pomwe masamba atsopano adzaikidwamo, mphukira ndi mizu. Tchire zotero zimaloleza nyengo yozizira bwino, sivutika ndi kutentha. Clematis zobzalidwa kuti zigulidwe ndi pansi ndizosakhalitsa: sizikola, zimakula mu 1-2 zimayambira, mizu yawo imakhala yonyowa. Yaikulu mmera, mozama kubzala ayenera. Zomera zazing'ono wazaka ziwiri zakubisidwa ndi masentimita 8 mpaka 12 ndi masamba otsika, zitsamba zachikale komanso zotalika ndi 12-18 masentimita. Ngati clematis wabzyala mchaka, ndiye kuti dzenje lobzala silodzazidwa ndi dothi, koma 5-8 cm amasiyidwa osavumbulidwa. kotero kuti "wobwera kumeneyo" samachita "kuchuluka". Pamene mphukira zimayamwa, malowa pang'onopang'ono amadzazidwa ndi dothi. Mutabzala, clematis amadzaza madzi ambiri, amasintha dzuwa, ndipo padziko lapansi mozungulira mbewuyo imadzaza ndi peat. Mukabzala mu kugwa, nthaka imathiridwa m'mphepete, gawo lonse la mlengalenga limadulidwa mpaka mulingo wambiri kapena pang'ono.

Malo

Clematis - mbewu zambiri. Ngati palibe kuwala kokwanira, osati kokha kuti simukwaniritsa maluwa abwino, simungathe kudikirira konse. Chifukwa chake, pakati pamsewu iwo amabzala bwino m'malo opanda dzuwa kapena pang'ono pamasana. Kokha madera akum'mwera, pomwe clematis nthawi zambiri amavutika ndi kutentha kwa nthaka, amabzalidwa mumtunda wochepa. Pobzala magulu, chomera chilichonse chimayenera kulandira kuwala kokwanira, ndipo mtunda pakati pa tchire uzikhala mita imodzi.

Mphepo ndi mdani woopsa wa clematis osati m'chilimwe komanso nthawi yozizira: imasweka ndikusokoneza mphukira, imawononga maluwa. Komwe chipale chimakutidwa nthawi yozizira, kubzala clematis sichinthu chabwino. Ndipo m'malo otsika, pomwe mpweya wozizira umasonkhana, clematis samamva bwino. Clematis ndi yofunikira kwambiri pa chinyezi: pakukula, amafunika kuthirira yambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, madambo onyowa, onyowa okhala ndi madzi okwanira pansi (osakwana 1.2 m. Sali oyenera kwa iwo, ngakhale madzi atangoyenda kwa nthawi yochepa chabe. Kuyika madzi m'madzi kumakhala kowopsa osati nthawi ya chilimwe komanso kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachisanu nyengo isanayambe komanso itasungunuka) Mukakonzekera kubzala clematis, muyenera kuganizira za kutuluka kwamadzi kuchokera kuchitsamba: onjezani dothi, dzalani tchire pazokwera kapena kukumba miyala ndi malo otsetsereka.

Clematis. © Colin

Chisamaliro

Chapakatikati, clematis amakhetsedwa ndi mkaka wa laimu (200 g laimu pa malita 10 amadzi pa mita imodzi). Nyengo yadzuwa, ma clematis samakonda kuthiriridwa madzi, koma zochulukirapo, kuonetsetsa kuti mtsinje wamadzi sugwera pakatikati pa chitsamba. Clematis amadyetsedwa kanayi pachaka pambuyo kuthilira ndi feteleza wathunthu wamafuta ndi ma microelements pamlingo wa 20-40 g pa 10 malita a madzi kapena kuchepetsedwa mphamvu yotsekedwa mullein (1:10). Maminolo ndi organic feteleza kusinthana. M'chilimwe, kamodzi pamwezi, mbewu zimamwetsedwa ndi yankho lofooka la boric acid (1-2 g) ndi potaziyamu permanganate (2-3 g pa 10 malita a madzi), komanso zitsamba za urea zimapopera madzi (malita 0,5.10 malita 10 a madzi). Popeza clematis imatha kudwala komanso kuwuma kwa dothi, nthawi yophukira itatha kuthilira ndi kumasula chodzala, ziyenera kuzikiridwa ndi peat kapena humus (kumpoto chakum'mawa) kapena utuchi (kumwera). Kuteteza dothi kuti lisanenthe komanso kutseka pansi pa mphukira, clematis "amagwetsa" oyendetsa ndege. Pakatikati, nthawi yoyamba yokha yomwe mbirazo zimatsogozedwa mothandizidwa ndi njira yoyenera ndikumangidwa. Kupanda kutero, mphukira zomwe zimakulirazo zimasakanikirana kwambiri kotero kuti sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mphamvu iliyonse. Pokhapokha pamakungwa a Gulu la Integrifolia, mphukira ndi masamba sizimatha kukulunga pazokuthandizira, chifukwa chake zimamangidwa pomwe zimakula chilimwe chonse. M'dzinja, asanagone nyengo yachisanu, tchire za clematis zimadulidwa ndikutsukidwa masamba akale. Zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu zoyambirira, toyesa achinyamata amafunika kusamalidwa mosamalitsa: m'dzinja kapena koyambirira kwa nyengo yam'madzi, manyowa ozungulira bwino osakanikirana ndi feteleza aliyense wa potaziyamu ndi phosphorous, komanso phulusa la nkhuni (chidebe chilichonse cha humus) limawonjezeredwa ku tchire, kudyetsa madzi kumachitika nthawi iliyonse 10- Masiku 15 yaying'ono Mlingo.

Kudulira kwa Clematis

Kudulira clematis ngati agrotechnical muyeso ndikofunikira.

Kudulira kwaukhondo kumachitika nthawi yonseyo, ndipo mphukira zouma ndi zosweka zimachotsedwa nthawi zonse. Mwa kudulira, mutha kusintha kukula ndi maluwa a clematis. Koma chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimakondweretsa okonda maluwa ndikudulira kwa yophukira. Zimatengera mtundu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya clematis.

Pali njira zitatu zomwe mungapangire nyengo yachisanu, yosiyana mitundu ya clematis.

Mitundu yonse yamagulu a Jacqueman ndi Vititzella. Izi clematis pachimake pa mphukira za chaka chamawa. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yophukira yophukira, muyenera kudula chomera chonse, kusiya mfundo ziwiri pamwamba pa nthaka. Pa opaleshoni iyi ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mpeni wakuthwa kwambiri. Clematis kutulutsa mphukira za chaka chino ndikosavuta kusungira ena nthawi yozizira, chifukwa palibe chifukwa chosungira mphukira mpaka masika. Chifukwa chake, zimafalikira kwambiri m'minda yathu.
Zosiyanasiyana zamagulu a Lanuginoza, kapena clematis woolly, mitundu ina ya magulu a Patens ndi Florida. Zosiyanasiyana za gululi mu nthawi yophukira pazomera zophukira, ndipo chakumapeto kwa chilimwe - pa mphukira za chaka chamawa. Chitsamba chimadulidwa mpaka kutalika kwa 50-100 masentimita kuchokera pansi, ndipo mphukira zotsika bwino zokhwima zimayikidwa pansi ndikuvundikira. Ngati chomera chikufuna kukonzanso, ndiye kuti chitha kudulidwa pansipa.
Magulu a Clematis Patens (sprawling) ndi Florida (maluwa). Mitundu iyi imaphukira kokha ngati mphukira zosiyidwa. Kwa nthawi yozizira, mphukira zofowoka ndi zopanda litezi zimadulidwa. Zina zimafupikitsidwa, ndikusiya gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika, koma osapitirira 1-1,5 m. Zipsazo zimapindidwa ndikuziika pansi pansi pokhazikika.
Zosiyanasiyana Patens ndi Florida ndizovuta kwambiri nthawi yozizira; ngati mphukira sizisungidwa kapena maluwa akuwuma, ndiye kuti sipadzakhala maluwa ambiri chaka chino.
Koma ndi mitundu yamagulu awa yomwe imapatsa maluwa akuluakulu kwambiri, okongola kwambiri, nthawi zambiri, oyenera kukongoletsa minda yamaluwa aluso. Pongoyambira, timalimbikitsa kugula mitundu yamagulu a Jacquman, Vititsella ndi mitundu ina ya gulu la Lanuginoza.

Clematis. © wokayika

Kuswana

Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zofalitsira mbewu zonse: mbewu ndi masamba. Mbewu - izi zikubzala, munjira zina zamasamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: mizu, nthambi zokhazokha, zobiriwira komanso zodula.

Mbewu

Zophatikiza ndi ma cbrati akuluakulu a hybrid sangathe kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu, chifukwa mbande zachikulire sizibwereza zomwe zimagwidwa ndi mbewu za mayi, njirayi ndi yoyenera pongofalitsa mitundu ya masamba ang'onoang'ono.

Gawani chitsamba.

Iyi ndi njira yosavuta kwambiri yoberekera clematis, yopezeka kwa aliyense wokonda maluwa. Mutha kugawa tchire zaka 5-6 mutabzala, nthawi yophukira kapena masika. Pangani chitsamba, gawani zigawo zingapo, dzalani gawo lililonse molingana ndi malamulo omwe akhazikitsidwa mu gawo lobzala.

Ngati chitsamba ndi chachikulu kwambiri ndipo sichingatheke kukumba, ndiye kuti muyenera kukumba mbali imodzi ndikulekanitsa gawo la chomera ndi fosholo.

Ubwino wa njirayi: mbewu zomwe zimamera pachimake mwachangu.
Zoyipa: matenda onse amtchire amathandizira, nthawi zina, mbewu sizikhala mizu bwino chifukwa chophwanya mizu ndi mphukira.

Kufalitsa pang'onopang'ono

Mu nthawi yophukira kapena yophukira, ma grooves amakumbidwa kuchokera kuthengo, ndipo akuya masentimita 5 mpaka 10. Mphukira zoyikidwa zimayikidwa m'mipanda iyi, zakanikizidwa ndi zibangiri za waya, zokutidwa ndi nthaka kapena peat.
Pakatha chaka, mphukira yokhazikika ikhoza kupatulidwa ndi chomera ndikuzibzala pawokha.

Ubwino wa njirayi: yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, sikuchepetsa kukongoletsa ma tchire.
Zoyipa: Matenda a mbewu za amayi akutha kufalikira, osayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale.

Clematis. © Kujambula Pang'onopang'ono

Kudula

Njira yopezera mbande zambiri m'malo ogulitsa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi amateurs.

Zodulidwa ndi nthawi zimagawidwa kukhala nthawi yachisanu, kasupe ndi chilimwe.

Kubzala zakuthupi - zodula, zobiriwira kapena zokhala m'miyeso zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kupititsa patsogolo izi, zopukusa zamagwiritsidwe ntchito zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: heteroauxin, beta-indolylbutyric acid, anaphthylacetic acid, mankhwala opangidwa okonzeka ngati epin, rootin, etc. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti boma lisunge kutentha, madigiri 18-20, mpweya wambiri. Zidula zimazika mizu bwino pogwiritsa ntchito chomera chazunguzikulu. Zomera zizitetezedwa ku dzuwa, kuzizizira kwambiri, pakuwuma komanso ku chinyezi chachikulu.

Ubwino waukulu wa njirayi ndi kupeza mbande zathanzi popanda matenda obadwa nawo omwe amapanga okha.

Mitundu ndi mitundu

Clematis wa gulu la Jacqueman - kholo lawo ndi lalikulu Clematis Jacquman (Clematis jackmanii) Mitengo yayikulu ya shrub yokhala ndi mphukira 3-4 m kutalika ndi mizu yopangidwa bwino. Maluwa ndi akulu (masentimita 12-16), matoni amtambo-abuluu, onunkhira.

Amadziwika ndi maluwa ambiri komanso nthawi yayitali pa mphukira za chaka chamawa kuyambira Juni mpaka chisanu. M'nyengo yozizira, mphukira zimadulidwa pansi kapena kusiya maziko a mphukira ndi awiriawiri a masamba.

Zosiyanasiyana: Mfumukazi ya Gypsy, Nikolai Rubtsov, Madame Vilar, Hegley Hybrid, Comtes de Busho, Georgia Ots, Luther Burbank, Negro.

Clematis Jackman (Clematis jackmanii). © anne arnould

Gulu losiyanasiyana clematis violet, kapena clematis mpesa (Clematis viticella) (Vititsella) - akukulira mpaka 3 m kutalika ndi maluwa 8 cm masentimita a mamvekedwe ofiira ofiira ofiira. Phulika kuyambira mwezi wa June mpaka chisanu pa mphukira za chaka chamawa.

Zosiyanasiyana: Ville de Lyon, Ernest Markham, Mtambo, Lilac Star, pinki Nikitsky, Niobe.

Clematis violet, kapena Clematis mpesa (Clematis viticella). © Allan Harris

Gulu losiyanasiyana kufalitsa clematis (Ma Clematis patens) (Patens) - curly, mpaka 4 m.Maluwa okhala ndi masentimita ofika mpaka 15, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matayala oyera amtundu wobiriwira. Kutulutsa kuchokera mu Julayi mpaka Seputembala pa mphukira za chaka chatha. Amakonda kutentha ndi kudwala chisanu.

Zosiyanasiyana: Chiyembekezo, Purezidenti.

Clematis a gulu la Florida - zokwawa mpaka 4 m. Zimachitika mukadutsa maluwa maluwa (Clematis florida) okhala ndi mitundu ndi mitundu yamagulu ena. Maluwa a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri amakhala awiriawiri, masentimita 8-12. Maluwa mu June-Julayi kumapeto.

Zosiyanasiyana: Daniel Deronda, Akazi a Cholmondeli.

Gulu losiyanasiyana clematis (Clematis merifolia) (Integrifolia) - zitsamba zolimba, zopindika kapena zopindika zosapindika zokhala ndi kutalika kwa 1 - 2,5. Maluwawo amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a belu, akuwoneka bwino, komanso awiri a masentimita 5 - 12, amitundu yosiyanasiyana, opangidwa pa mphukira za chaka chino. Phulusa kuyambira Juni mpaka Seputembara.

Zosiyanasiyana: Mbira zamtundu, Mvula yamtambo.

Clematis wosefukira, kalasi 'Josephine Evijohill' (Clematis patens). © Vivian-E

Maluwa a Clematis, mitundu ya Siebold - 'Sieboldii' (Clematis florida). © H. Zell

Clematis lonse-leaved (Clematis merifolia). © wogulitsa munda C

Gulu losiyanasiyana clematis machira (Clematis lanuginosa) (Lanuginoza) - creepers mpaka 3 m kutalika ndi maluwa oyera kapena buluu (chingwe chowala nthawi zambiri chimadutsa pakati) mpaka kukula kwa 15 cm. Kutulutsa kuyambira June ndikubwerezedwa mu Ogasiti-Seputembala kumapeto kwa chaka chatha.

Zosiyanasiyana: Ballerina, Serenade, Virginia, Blue Jam, Ramona, Dr. Ruppel, Blue Light, Multi Blue, Jacques Manialba, Olimpiki-80.

Gulu losiyanasiyana phiri la clematis (Clematis montana) (Montana) - amadziwika ndi maluwa ambiri mu Meyi kumapeto kwa chaka chatha. Kudulira pang'ono pang'ono koyambirira kwamasika.

Gulu losiyanasiyana clematis kodas (Clematis Texensis) (Texensis) adachokera kolowera Texas clematis ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mitundu ndi mitundu yamagulu ena.

Gulu losiyanasiyana hogweed clematis (Clematis mango) (Heracleifolia) - zitsamba zokulira zolimba zomwe zimamera kwambiri pamaphuka a chaka chamawa kuyambira Julayi mpaka Okutobala. Kudulira kumayambiriro kasupe.

Gulu losiyanasiyana Clematis Isfahansky (Clematis ispahanica) (Isfahanika) - pagululo pali mtundu umodzi wokha womwe umapezeka chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mitundu yoyambirira. Amaluwa kwambiri pa mphukira za chaka chamawa mu Julayi-Sepemba. Kudulira kumayambiriro kasupe.

M'madera omwe mumakhala chisanu kwambiri nthawi yozizira komanso chilimwe mwachidule, i.e. Madera akumpoto chakumadzulo kwa gawo la ku Europe la Russia, Siberia ndi Far East, ndibwino kubzala ma clematis kuchokera m'magulu a Jacquman, Integrifolia ndi Vititzella, ndiwo mitundu yoyambirira komanso yapakatikati: Ville de Lyon, Mfumukazi ya Gypsy, Victoria, Luther Burbank, Serebryany Rucheyok, Hegley Hybrid, Madame Baron Vilar, Blue Flame, Alexandrite, Gold Anniviv, Alyonushka, Victory Salute, Anastasia Anisimova, Rouge Cardinal, Sizaya Ndege, Mtambo, Anre Leroy, Lilac Star, Niobe. Koma mitundu ina ya gulu la Jacqueman imakonda madera akumwera kwambiri - Elegy, Mountaineer, Biryuzinka, Openwork.

Magulu a Clematis a Lanuginoza, Patens, Florida (maluwa oyamba amapezeka kumapeto kwa chaka chatha) samakhala olimba nthawi yozizira ndipo amafuna mipesa yobisalamo ngakhale mkati mwa msewu wapakati. Koma mitundu ina (Nellie Moser, Stone Flower, Ramona, Lazurstern, Mpira Wamaluwa, Chiyembekezo, Akazi a Chiyembekezo, Akazi a Cholmondeli) amakula komanso kuphuka bwino zigawo zakumpoto.

Terry clematis wokhala ndi maluwa awiriawiri kumadera akumwera: Daniel Deronda, Joan wa Arc, Lord Neville. Pakati pamtunda wa mitundu iyi, maluwa oyamba okha omwe ali kumapeto kwa dzinja ndiomwe amakhala.

Mitundu ya clematis yotsika mtengo imamera pamakonde a dzuwa - Jeanne d'Arc, Hegley Hybrid, Comtes de Busho, Madame Eduard Andre, Ruutel, Cardinal Rouge.

Mitundu yambiri yobzala zakuthengo yokhala ndi maluwa mpaka masentimita 4-5 masentimita ambiri imadziwika kuti ndi clematis yoyenda pang'ono. Mitundu ya clematis ndi yocheperako, ngakhale ndiyosasamala, imakula msanga, ndipo imagwirizana ndi chilala komanso matenda a fungus. Maluwa mkati mwake amatenga masabata awiri mpaka miyezi 4 ndipo sichodabwitsa kwambiri kuposa mzake wamaluwa akuluakulu.

Mdziko lathu, clematis of hogweed, Gournana, nkhalango (ikhoza kuthana ndi powderyomeew kumwera), mantha, pilchifolia, molunjika ndi mawonekedwe ake, amtundu wa bulu, Tangut, violet ndi mitundu yake, matalala athunthu, asanu ndi mmodzi, amakula bwino. Kumalo okhala ndi kotentha komanso kotentha, masamba a mphesa za clematis, Virginia, kummawa, ligustifolia, etc. ndi abwino kwambiri.

Kumpoto chakumadzulo, Siberia ndi Far East, clematis Alpine, bulauni, kuluma (makamaka kwa madera akumwera kwambiri), Chitchaina, belu, mawonekedwe osachedwa, olimba, Okhotsk ndi ena adzakula bwino, komanso kum'mwera chakum'mawa, nawonso Dzungarian ndi Isfahan. M'malo okhala ndi nyengo yofunda, yozizira komanso yanyontho, muyenera kukhala ndi Clematis Manchu, Raeder, Fargeza.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Clematis ndi chomera chokhalitsa komanso chathanzi, koma nthawi zina chimakhudzidwa ndi matenda ndi tizirombo.

Matenda onse omwe alipo pazomera amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: opatsirana komanso osachiritsika. The causative othandizira matenda opatsirana ndi bowa, mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda osagwirizana ndi zovuta zomwe zimapangitsa kukula.

Zochita zonse zokhudzana ndi thanzi la chomera zimagawidwa m'njira zopewetsa komanso kwenikweni zochizira. Njira zodzitchinjiriza zimachitika chaka chilichonse, mbewu zonse zathanzi zimakonzedwa. Njira zochizira zimachitika pakaonekera zizindikiro za matenda kapena tizirombo.

Adani akuluakulu a clematis ndi matenda a fungal. Owopsa kwambiri mwaiwo ndi fusarium ndi wilt (wilting). Matendawa amathandizira chinyezi chachikulu komanso kuthilira kwamadzi nthaka. Njira zabwino kwambiri zopewera komanso kupewa ndi kutsata ndondomeko za agrotechnical, malo abwino oyimitsa clematis. Ngati pali vuto lililonse la fungal, ndikofunikira kukonza zachiwopsezo cha chomera, zotsalazo zonse ziyenera kuwotchedwa. Zomera zitha kuwaza ndi 1% Bordeaux madzi, mkuwa kapena sulfate yachitsulo.
Poola kufinya (mphukira), nthaka ndi maziko a mphukira zimafafaniza ndi maziko a madzi (20 g pa 10 malita a madzi) kapena fungidwe wina wololedwa.

Zotsatira zabwino zoletsa matenda ndi tizirombo zimapereka kubzala pafupi ndi clematis marigold kapena marigold. Zofesazi zimapanga chimbudzi cha fungo lam'madzi, zimachotsa tizirombo ndi fungo lawo lenilenilo, ndipo sizilepheretsa udzu, chifukwa zimachotsedwa mu kugwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ma clematis ambiri amawoneka okongola kwambiri poyerekeza ndi maziko azomera za lalanje izi.

Pakati pa tizirombo ta clematis, nematode nthawi zina amapezeka. Poterepa, ndikwanzeru kuwononga mbewuyo ndikuthira dothi nthaka.

Kulimbana ndi tizirombo tina - nthata, ntchentche, kuponyera kumachitika ndi njira wamba.

Chofunika kwambiri kuti muteteze dimba lanu ku matenda oyambitsidwa ndi matenda ndi kuyang'anitsitsa zomwe zidagulidwa.

Zomera zodabwitsa izi zikuchulukirachulukira chifukwa chamaluwa akuluakulu okongola osiyanasiyana amitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso nthawi yayitali maluwa. Ndipo kupatula apo, mitundu yambiri imadziwika ndi kulimba kwa nyengo yachisanu, kusasinthika ndi kukhazikika. Kuyembekezera ndemanga zanu!