Mitundu ya Digitalis kapena Digitalis imakhala ndi herbaceous zomera za banja la Podorozhnikov. Mitundu imakhala ndi mitundu yopitilira 30, malo omwe amagawa omwe ndi Mediterranean, koma ambiri amapezeka pafupifupi padziko lonse lapansi. Oimira amtunduwu ndi azitsamba osatha kapena owerengeka, pali mitundu yambiri ya theka-shrub.
Mphukira za mbewu izi ndizowongoka, zokwera - nthawi zina zopitilira mita, nthambi bwino. Masamba ndi akulu, okhazikika, achinyumba. Maluwa ooneka ngati mabatani amapanga carpal inflorescence pamwamba pa tsinde. Ma Digitalis amafunika kuti akule bwino kuti ana asamathe kuwapeza, chifukwa mbewu izi ndizopweteka.
Mitundu ya Digitalis ndi mitundu
Mwa mitundu yonse, yotchuka kwambiri ndiy Digitalis purpurea. Ichi ndi mbewu yamuyaya, koma nthawi zambiri imangokulitsidwa kwa zaka ziwiri zokha. Mphukira zake zowongoka zimakhala zopanda mphamvu, zophimbidwa pansi ndipo zimatha kukula mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka.
Pansi pa tsinde, pali rosette yamasamba imapangidwa. Masamba ambiri pa mphukira ndikutsatira, masamba, masamba apamwamba amakhala popanda petiole. Maluwa ndi akulu kwambiri, amapanga inflorescence yayikulu, yomwe imatha kutalika pafupifupi mita. Mitundu ya maluwa makamaka yamtundu wapinki kapena wa kirimu, imakhalanso yoyera.
Mtunduwu umakhala ndi mitundu yambiri ndipo umapangira mitundu yambiri yophatikiza, mwachitsanzo, Foxglove, Excelsior, Peloric.
Digitalis yayikulu-maluwa Kukula kwamtchire makamaka Europe ndi kumwera kwa Siberia. Si nthawi zambiri kuposa mita. Watalika masamba. Ma inflorescence ndi achikasu, maluwa akuluakulu ndi pang'ono ophimbidwa ndi fluff.
Digitalis ndi dzimbiri mawonekedwe okongola kwambiri, omwe nthawi zambiri amakula mpaka mita, koma anthu amatukuka kwambiri. Maluwa amtunduwu ndi ang'ono kuposa omwe anali am'mbuyomu, koma owoneka bwino kwambiri, ofanana ndi maluwa. Mitundu ya ma petals imatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera mitundu.
Digitalis woya mtunduwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati mankhwala, m'malo mongolima, monga momwe uliri nondescript.
Ili ndi mtundu wotsika kwambiri, womwe duwa limodzi lomwe limamera ndi maluwa yaying'ono yachikasu limatulutsa. Phula limakutidwa ndi pansi, ndichifukwa chake digitis iyi imatchedwa.
Digitalis Chikasu ikhoza kukula mpaka mita. Zimasiyanasiyana pokhapokha kuti fluff pa masamba ndi mphukira. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono ndi achikasu.
Digitalis Ciliate kuwonera kotsika ndi chikuto chowundidwa. Zomera lanceolate, serated, yaying'ono. Ma inflorescence ndi ochepa - mpaka 10 cm, omwe ali ndi maluwa oyera, oyera achikasu.
Digitalis digitalis kukula kwamitundu iwiri yotentha ku Europe. Imathamangitsa ma peduncle apamwamba, momwe ma inflorescence amapangidwira, omwe amakhala ndi maluwa a mtundu wa chokoleti cha bulauni.
Digitalis ikamatera ndi chisamaliro poyera
Pokhala ndi mbande zamtundu wa digito, timabzyala m'nthaka mutakhazikika kutentha mosakhazikika, popanda usiku kutsika kwa zero. Pa tchire la mbande nthawi imeneyi ayenera kukhala masamba 5.
Mukamasankha tsamba, ndibwino kumvetsera mwachidwi malo owoneka bwino, koma mthunzi wopepuka uzithandizanso. Osabzala maluwa pafupi ndi mitengo, chifukwa amasunga chinyezi, omwe angawononge maluwa.
Dothi lodzala liyenera kukhala lopepuka, lopatsa thanzi komanso losasunga chinyezi. Kwa nthawi yayitali musanabzale, bedi la maluwa liyenera kukumbidwa, ndikupanga ma kilogalamu 4 a humus pa mita imodzi ya dera. Mukamatera, gwiritsitsani mtunda wapafupi ndi 25 cm.
Maenje a mbande akumba pang'ono mizu. Ikani mbandezo kuchokera mumbale ndikutsatira mosamala, ndikupanga dothi pang'ono, kenako muyenera kuthirira. M'chaka choyamba cha kulima, masamba okha amapangidwa pamtengowo, ndipo kuchokera chaka chachiwiri maluwa akuwoneka kale.
Bacopa ndiwonso membala wa banja la plantain. Mutha kupeza malingaliro pazakusamalidwa ndi kulima kwa duwa lino.
Kuthirira kwa Digitalis
Mukukula chomera ichi, simuyenera kuchita mwapadera. Zochita zazikulu ndikothirira, zomwe zimangofunika kutentha kwakukulu, mvula ikagwa.
Kutsatira kuthirira kuyenera kutsatiridwa ndikumasulira nthaka. Koma izi zikuyenera kuchitika mosamala, popeza digito ya rhizome ili pafupi kwambiri ndi gawo lapansi.
Feteleza wa Digitalis
Kangapo pa nthawi yakula, muyenera kupanga feteleza wa mbewu kukhala ovomerezeka yaying'ono yam'mimba.
Kuti muwonjezere kutalika kwa maluwa, muyenera kuchepetsa ma inflorescence.
Kupatsira kwapa Digitalis
Kuika mbewuzi ndi njira inanso yosavuta, chifukwa chipatso chake chili pafupi. Amakumba dzenje lalikulupo kuposa mizu ya chitsamba. Popeza adasinthanitsa Digitalis, ayenera kuwonjezera kuthirira.
Digitalis m'nyengo yozizira
Zima zisanachitike, mbewu zimafunikira kuzikika. Ngati Rhizome alibe, ndiye kuti ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi gawo lapansi lachonde, kenako ndikuwonjezera kutulutsa. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti usaiwale kukhazikitsa achinyamata, popeza ali pachiwopsezo cha chisanu.
Kulima mbewu kosatha kwa Digitalisni
Kuti mupeze mbande zakudalirana kwa digito, muyenera kutsitsa nthochi kwa masiku 7 m'madzi kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, komwe kuyenera kusinthidwa maola 6 aliwonse. Kenako, mbewu zimayikidwa pansi ndikufundidwa ndi mchenga pang'ono. Pambuyo pake, chidebechi chimakutidwa ndi galasi ndikusiya chofunda pamiyeso.
Pakatha masiku 15, mphukira zoyambirira ziyenera kuyamba kubwatana.
Kukula kwa mbande kumachepa. Ndikapangidwa timapepala totsimikizika mu zikutulutsa, muyenera kusankha mumagulu osiyana. Ndipo zina zonse zimafunikira kuti zizikhala ndikuzimitsa, nthawi ndi nthawi kuthirira ndikupewa kukonzekera.
Mutha kubzala mbewu m'nthaka, zomwe zimachitanso mchaka. Kuphatikiza apo, digitalis imafalitsidwa mosavuta ndi kudzimana.
Kufalitsa kwa Digitalis ndi odulidwa
Njira yogwiritsira ntchito popanga michere ikuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito njira.
Mapeto a maluwa, maluwa omwe amakhala ndi maluwa othothoka amatha. Pakatha masiku pafupifupi 20, masamba obzala amawoneka pafupi ndi malo odulira, pomwe masamba okwanira 8 amatha, amatha kupatukana ndi kholo ndikuwazika dothi.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Mwa zina mwa matenda omwe amawononga chikhalidwechi ndiofala kuwonaanamenya nkhondo pogwiritsa ntchito fungicides, kuphatikizapo mkuwa.
Ngati mbewu idawonekera ufa wowumandiye fungicides imagwiritsidwanso ntchito motsutsana nazo.
Pakati pa tizirombo, aphid wamba, yemwe amatayidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
At kuvunda ndi matenda a virus (zamaluwa) mbewu zikuyenera kuwotchedwa ndipo malowo amayeretsedwa.
Funso lomwe limadziwika kwambiri pakati pa alimi ndi kusowa kwa maluwa. Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo izi: kukulira m'nthaka yonyowa kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni ndi unyamata wa mbewuyo (mitundu yambiri imaphukira mchaka chachiwiri).
Zida zochiritsa za Digitalis
Digitalis ndi chomera chomera chomwe, chifukwa cha mankhwala ake, chimathandizira kulimbitsa magazi, chimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pamisempha, pazinthu zina, komanso pamtima.
Mankhwala wowerengeka, infusions wa digito amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khunyu, kuchepetsa ululu, komanso matenda a pakhungu. Koma adatengera chomera ichi mosamala kwambiri, popeza ndi chakupha ndipo chifukwa chake, mankhwala azikhalidwe, sichidagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyambira kale, chifukwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kupha munthu. Chifukwa chaichi, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musamadzilimbikitse, komanso kukonzekera ma tinctures kuchokera pamtengowu
Sizoletsedwa kumwa mankhwala okhala ndi digito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda am'mapapo, mtima, m'mimba, azimayi oyembekezera komanso ana.
Poizoni ndi izi ndi mankhwala, kuphatikiza apo, zimaphatikizidwa ndi kusanza, kupweteka m'mimba, mavuto kupuma ndi mtima ntchito.
Ngati mumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo a digito kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti kudziwitsidwa kwa poizoni m'thupi kumayamba, komwe kumakhudza thupi.
