Bzalani ngati Ficus Chibengali (Ficus benghalensis) ndi amtundu wa ficus komanso banja la mabulosi (Moraceae). Mtengo wobiriwira nthawi zonse umatha kupezeka munkhalango zowirira, komanso malo otsika a mapiri a Malaysia, Burma, India, Thailand ndi madera ena akumwera kwa China ndi Southeast Asia.
Chomera chimadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera. Chomera chimodzi chokha chimatha kumera kuti mawonekedwe ake akuwoneka kuti pali nkhalango yonse patsogolo panu, yopanga mitengo yomwe ili pafupi. Kukula kwapaderaku kumatchedwa mtengo wa banyan. Zonse zimayamba ndi chakuti mbewu yokhala ndi mizu yambiri yolimba yopanga nthambi zokhazikika. Mizu inauma, pomwe ina imathamangira kumtunda. Kenako amamera ndi kupindika. Pakapita kanthawi, amawoneka ngati akubala mitengo, pomwe mizu imamera. Chifukwa chake, ficus imakula mwachangu mokwanira, pomwe ikulanda madera akuluakulu ndikupanga mkhola wokulira wokhala ndi chilengedwe chapadera.
Koma sikuti ficus bengal yekhayo amatha kupanga mtengo wa banyan, palinso mitundu ina yomwe imatha kuchita izi. Komabe, mbewu iyi ndiyomwe imayimira banja lonse. Mwachilengedwe, mtengo umatha kukula mpaka 40 metres. Masamba a mbewu nawonso ndi akulu - mpaka 25 sentimita. Masamba amatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyana, mwachitsanzo: ozungulira, osavuta kapena ovoid. Mitsempha yobiriwira yotuwa imawonekera bwino pa chikopa chobiriwira. Nthawi yamaluwa, inflorescence yokhala ndi mitunduyi yokha imawonekera, yofanana ndi zipatso zazing'ono za lalanje zomwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe a mpira ndikufika pamtunda wa masentimita awiri kapena atatu.
Mitundu ndi mitundu yotchuka kwambiri, yomwe masamba ake amakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyananso.
Kusamalira Ficus Bengal kunyumba
Chomera ichi chimawoneka bwino kwambiri, koma nthawi yomweyo makhazikidwe apadera kuti ikonzedwe, ndipo chachikulu ndicho chipinda chokulirapo. Ndizonse, chifukwa ngakhale mu nyumba, fikayi imatha kufikira mamita 3 kutalika ndipo m'lifupi imakhalanso ndi malo ambiri. Ngati mungaganize zokulitsa Ficus bengal, ndiye kuti muyenera kukumbukira malamulo ochepa owasamalira.
Kuwala
Pankhani ya kuyatsa, mbewuyi siyakukula konse. Imayikidwa bwino m'chipinda chowala, chachikulu. Mlingo wofunikira wowunikira ndi 2600-3000 lux, womwe umawonedwa pang'ono. Imakula bwino ndikukula pansi pazowunikira.
Kuti chisoti chomera chikule moyenerera, mphika wamaluwa uyenera kusinthidwa pang'ono ndi pang'ono kuzungulira mbali yake.
Mitundu yotentha
Zimafunikira kutentha pang'ono chaka chonse. Chifukwa chake, kutentha m'chipindacho komwe kuli mtengo kuyenera kukhala kuyambira 18 mpaka 26 degrees. Sakonda kukonzekera, makamaka ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala kochepera 17 digiri. Machitidwe ake akhoza kukhala dontho la masamba.
Momwe mungamwere
Chomera ichi sichikhala ndi matalala, kotero kuthirira kwake kuyenera kukhala komweko nthawi yachisanu ndi chirimwe. Iyenera kuthiriridwa madzi ambiri nthawi zonse. Pakati kuthirira, mosalephera, gawo loyambira la gawo lapansi liyenera kupukuta mpaka masentimita awiri kapena atatu.
Chinyezi
Popeza chomerachi chili ndi mbali zambiri zochititsa chidwi, kuviwaza ndi cholinga chowonjezera chinyezi ndi njira yovuta komanso yopanda tanthauzo. Ficus Bengal amalimbikitsidwa kupukuta masamba pogwiritsa ntchito nsalu yofewa, yonyowa pang'ono m'madzi. Izi zimatsitsimutsa chomera, ndipo mutha kuchotsanso dothi lomwe ladzaza.
M'nyengo yozizira, kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yotentha, mbewuyo iyenera kukonzedwanso kutali ndi zida zamagetsi. Komabe, onetsetsani kuti kuunikirako kumakhalabe kosadutsa malire.
Feteleza
Patulani chomera mosamala nthawi 1 m'masabata awiri kapena anayi. Pazomwezi, feteleza wa chilengedwe chonse amagwiritsidwa ntchito (1/2 gawo la mlingo womwe umalimbikitsa phukusi).
Kusakaniza kwadothi
Malo oyenerera ayenera kukhala osalowerera ndendende kapena pang'ono acid, okwanira okwanira komanso okwanira michere. Mutha kugula chosakanizika chopangidwa ndi dothi cha ficus kapena, ngati mukufuna, dzipangeni nokha. Kuti muchite izi, phatikizani pepala, ma turf ndi peat land, komanso mchenga, mutengedwa chimodzimodzi. Musaiwale za danga labwino lokwanira.
Zinthu Zogulitsa
Zovala zazing'ono amazika kamodzi pachaka, akumatenga mphika wokulirapo. Ndipo mbeu zazikulu, zokhala ndi zazikulu zazikulu, ndikofunikira kusintha pafupipafupi gawo lapansi.
Ichi ndi mbewu yomwe ikukula mwachangu. Chifukwa chake, mu miyezi 12 imatha kuwonjezera kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 60-100. Kuti mupewe kukula kwa mbewuyi, muyenera kusankha malo oyika pang'onopang'ono pobzala, komanso nthawi yodzala, mizu iyenera kukonzedwa pang'ono.
Kudulira
Ficus ndi wabwino pakupanga kudulira. Chifukwa cha iye, chomeracho chitha kupeza korona wokongola komanso kuchepetsa kukula kwake.
Njira zolerera
Kufalikira kwa odulidwa ndikotchuka kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, zigawo zomwe sizikuluma zimadulidwa ndi ma 2 kapena 3 internode. Gwiritsani ntchito njirayi munthawi yachilimwe komanso nthawi yachilimwe. Pozika mizu, kudula kumabzalidwa mumchenga wosakanikirana ndi peat. Komanso, zodulidwa zimakhazikika m'madzi, koma mawonekedwe a mizu idzachitika pambuyo pake.
Ojambula maluwa odziwa zambiri amatha kugwiritsa ntchito nthangala kapena nthambi pofalitsa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Chipere, kupindika kapena kangaude ukhoza kukhala pa chomera, koma izi zimachitika kawirikawiri. Tizilomboti tikapezeka, ficus ayenera kusamba. Ngati mbewuyo ili ndi kukula kwake, ndiye kuti masamba ake ayenera kutsukidwa ndi chinkhupule chovilitsidwa ndi madzi, ndikuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala apadera.
Nthawi zambiri, mbewu zimadwala chifukwa chophwanya malamulo a chisamaliro:
- masamba amawonekera mumabwana achichepere - chipindacho chimakhala chozizira kwambiri;
- mawanga achikasu amawoneka pamasamba - chifukwa chothirira kwambiri;
- mawanga akuda amawoneka m'mphepete - mpweya wochepa, wotentha kwambiri kapena feteleza wambiri anathira pansi;
- masamba amakhala ochepa, ndipo zimayambira amatulutsidwa - pali kuwala pang'ono;
- Kukula kumayamba kuchepa, ndipo masamba amataya mtundu wawo wokhazikika - amafunika kudyetsedwa.
Mtengo wa Bonsai
M'chipinda chamnyumba, ficus ndiosatheka kutulutsa mawonekedwe a mtengo wa banyan, chifukwa amafunika malo ambiri komanso malo apadera. Koma chomera choterocho sichimawoneka chodabwitsa monga mawonekedwe a bonsai. Ficus yotere imatha kumera mu chipinda chaching'ono ndikuchiyika pamalo apadera kapena pawindo la sill.
