Ma bouquets, nthano zachikhalidwe ndi maluwa m'munda wamkati mwanjira tsopano zafika pachimake pa kutchuka. Zomera zokulira monga maluwa amkati, gerberas, eustomas, hyacinths, dahlias, chrysanthemums ngakhale primroses sizovuta nthawi zonse. M'malo mwake, mbewu zoterezi zimasungunuka ndipo nthawi zina zimakulitsidwa muzipinda zokha zokha. Chimodzi mwazomera zoterezi, zomwe kenako zimayenera kusinthidwira kumunda, ndi maluwa okongola a lacy, ofanana ndi mtambo wakuda. Maluwa ake ochititsa chidwi, omwe sangafanane ndi nyenyezi wamba zam'zipinda, ndi amodzi mwa zinthu zosangalatsa komanso zosangalatsa kwambiri.
Maluwa a Astilbe ndi amodzi mwa zinthu zabwino kwambiri m'munda kapena m'chipindacho.
Indoor Astilba - Mfumukazi ya Mthunzi
Astilba sitha kutchedwa chomera. Amasamutsira miphika yokha mokhazikika ndipo amakula kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yokha yamaluwa oyenda bwino. Nyenyezi iliyonse yamkati idzabzalidwe m'nthaka kuti ipumule, koma chitsamba chilichonse chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito koposa kamodzi kuyendetsa inflorescence yapamwamba.
Zithunzi za Astilbe zimapezeka pansalu za malo ogulitsa maluwa kumapeto kwa dzinja, koma kusankha kwakukulukulu pazokakamiza kumatha kupezeka pakati pa tchuthi cha dzinja ndi masika.
Astilbe ndi chomera chowoneka modabwitsa komanso chosinthika kwambiri m'mabanja la Saxifrage. Ndi mtundu wawo komanso maluwa ambiri, palibe chikhalidwe china chamaluwa chamtundu wabwino chomwe chimapikisana. Ndipo mfundo yoti astilba imakonda kukula mumithunzi imapangitsa izi kukhala zachilendo kwambiri. Ma Astilbe amaphatikizidwa ndi TOP yonse yam'munda wamaluwa wokhala ndi maluwa okongola.
Monga chomera chamkati, astilbe ndi zokongoletsera zamkati, chofanizira chophukira cha "mipando yamoyo", yomwe imathamangitsidwa chifukwa cha maluwa nthawi zina, kenako nkubzidwa panthaka. Imakhalabe yosatha, koma imafuna kukula osati maphika okha.
Izi zimathandizira kwambiri kukula ndikuchepetsa malire: si onse omwe amalima maluwa sangakwanitse kudzala nyemba m'munda wamaluwa wamasiku oyandikira. Zachidziwikire, mutha kungoponyera pamera maluwa. Koma popeza tikulankhula za anthu amtengo wapatali komanso okhathamira okhalitsa, ndikwabwino kukula mwachilengedwe ngati chikhalidwe cha chipinda chamunda.
Kodi zakuthambo zimawoneka bwanji?
Maonekedwe a astilbe ndi regal. Ichi ndi chomera cholimba, chosalemekeza, chokongoletsa komanso chamaluwa. Amasanja katatu kapena mwapawiri, wofanana ndi zingwe zapamwamba, wokhala ndi m'maso owoneka bwino pamakomo, masamba amapaka utoto wobiriwira ndipo amawoneka akudzikongoletsa okha.
Kuwala kwa masamba osema a nyenyezi zakuthambo kumawoneka kosadabwitsa pakupanga ndi zokongoletsera zawo, kumatsimikiziranso kukongola kwa kubiriwira. Kwenikweni, chifukwa cha kukongola kwa masamba ndi mawonekedwe ake owala, mbewuyo idatchedwa ndi dzina lake (kuchokera ku Chigriki "wanzeru kwambiri"). Masamba a mbewu amangokhala ngati ferns, makamaka makamaka ndi mawonekedwe awo amtundu.
Astilbe m'chilengedwe ndi minda amatha kubala inflorescence mpaka 2 m.Mwachikhalidwe chachipinda, awa ndi mitengo yosangalatsa ya theka la mita. Ngakhale mukamasankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya munda wamaluwa, kutalika kwa duwa kutalika kumakhala kotalika masentimita 60. Tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, tikasankha zoyenera kubzala, timapanga zipatso zokongola kwambiri, zowoneka bwino, zopindika bwino komanso zotalika pafupifupi 40 cm, zomwe zimawoneka zopepuka komanso zopatsa chidwi.
Ma inflorcence a Astilbe amtundu wa maburashi a panicle amadziwika mosavuta. Mitundu yowala kwambiri komanso yachilendo kwambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito mawonekedwe amchipinda, nthawi zambiri inflorescence yazomera zomwe zimawonetsedwa m'masitolo amaluwa amawonetsedwa osati mwachindunji, koma mwa mitundu ya drooping. Maluwa masauzande ang'ono, osawoneka bwino opangidwa ndi maluwa osakanizira amisonkhanitsa kumtunda kwa mitengo. Mphamvu yolimba, yopanda kulemera kwa inflorescences imawongolera mtundu wake wangwiro, womwe umaphatikizapo kusiyanasiyana kosiyanasiyana kwa mtundu wautchi-wamawonekedwe oyera wokhala ndi matupi okongola a pastel a pinki komanso ofiira.
Nthawi zamasamba ochulukirachulukira m'minda imagwirizana ndi nsonga ya nyengo - midsummer. Pazikhalidwe zamkati, astilbe ndi mbewu yamaluwa ozizira, yomwe imathamangitsidwa makamaka chifukwa chamaluwa kumapeto kwa dzinja kapena tchuthi choyamba chamasika.
Mukakulitsa chowoneka ngati chachipinda mchipinda, ndibwino kupatsa chidwi ndi zing'onozing'ono.
Mitundu ya nyenyezi zamkati
Monga chikhalidwe chamchipinda, mitundu iwiri yokha ya zodabwitsa zam'mlengalenga zimamera, koma masamba owoneka bwino kwambiri ndi mitundu yosankha.
Chosangalatsa kwambiri pakati pa nyenyezi zamkati chimatchedwa Astilba wachi Japan (Astilbe japonica) Potere, sizomera zamtundu wa nyama zomwe zimasankhidwa kuti zikulidwe, koma mitundu yatsopano yophatikiza yomwe ili yaying'ono kwambiri, yolunjika makamaka pa mtundu woyenera wa mtundu wa inflorescence.
Astilba yaku Japan imasiyanitsidwa ndi kupsinjika kwa inflorescence, komwe, ndi kukula kocheperako - mpaka 10-15 masentimita, kumawoneka kokongola kuposa mitundu ina. Pafupipafupi ma colombic mawonekedwe, okhwima, okopa, inflorescence makamaka akuwala mosiyana ndi masamba owala awiri. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa mtundu wamtunduwu wa nyenyezi kumangokhala hafu ya mita (m'minda yamaluwa - 80 cm).
Komanso m'chipindacho amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya mitundu yabwino kwambiri yamakonda kwambiri - Ma Astilba Arends (Astilbe x arendsii, mitundu ya Arends gulu kapena Arends hybrids). Inflorescence wandiweyani komanso wobiriwira mawonekedwe a mabulashi azitsulo amitundu yosiyanasiyana amasiyana ndi utoto ndi mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwake. Masamba amdima, onyezimira mumaphika amapanga mapilo owirira, amakupatsani mwayi wothokoza ndi mitundu yonseyi. Kutalika kwa Arends astilbe mumiphika kumayambira 35 mpaka 50 cm.
Mutha kuyesa mitundu yina ndi mitundu, koma ndi a ku Japan a astilba ndi mitundu yamagulu a Arends omwe adadzilimbikitsira okha mwadongosolo labwino.
Astilbe Japan (Astilbe japonica).
Astilbe Arends (Astilbe x arendsii).
Kugula kapena kunyamula astilbe kuchokera kumunda kupita kuchipinda
Kugulitsa astilbe wowotchera, wokonzedwa kale kuti azilima m'nyumba, kuli ponseponse. Kusankha chomera chathanzi ndi mphukira yolimba, popanda kuwonongeka pamasamba, ndi mtundu watsopano, wokutira, wopanda nthaka youma kapena yonyowa, womwe uli pachigawo cha maluwa kapena chiyambi cha maluwa siivuta. Chachikulu ndikuti musaiwale kuwona momwe mbewuyo imakhazikika panthaka.
Komabe, nthawi zambiri, mbewu zam'minda zimasinthidwa mawonekedwe. Zojambula zamkati zamkati zimapezeka pokhapokha njira zamasamba - kupatukana kwa ma bus akuluakulu. Pazikhalidwe zam'nyumba, mbande zomwe zimamera m'dera lawo kapena zogulitsa m'minda yaminda zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwamtundu uliwonse wotsika wa astilbe ndi woyenera, muyenera kuyang'anira gawo limodzi lokha - msinkhu wazomera.
Ma astilbe okha kuyambira azaka ziwiri mpaka zitatu omwe ndi oyenera kunyamula chikhalidwe chamkati.
Ngati mbewu zakimbidwa m'mundamo, ndiye kuti tchigawikazo zigawidwa m'magawo angapo zomwe zingakwanitse kukhala mumiyala yayitali. Nthawi zambiri zamkati zamkati zimapanga pafupifupi 6-7 inflorescence, Delenki kwa iwo zimatenga pang'ono kukula kuposa kufalitsa mbewu zaminda, osasiya 3-5, koma masamba 5-8 pamtundu uliwonse.
Tambasulirani ndi zotengera za astilbe zamkati
Ngati zakuthambo zamkati zagulidwa, "zakonzeka", kuziika ndi njira yosayenera. Chomera chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pakusintha, nthawi ya maluwa idzachepetsedwa ndipo kukongola konse kwa nyenyezi yakutsogolo sikungadziwike. Chifukwa chake, ma astilbas ochokera m'malo ogulitsa maluwa atatha nthawi yokakamizidwa amakhala amangoyikidwa mumiphika yokongoletsera kapena njira zina zokongoletsera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zomera zanyamula kale m'nthaka. Koma mbewu zomwe zidasinthidwa m'mundamo kapena zogulidwa ku Delenki zimafuna kusankhidwa koyenera kwa magawo onse ndi zida.
Gawo loyambira mkati mwa nyenyezi ndi loyenereradi chilengedwe. Yotseka, yathanzi, yopanda mbali kapena acidic acid pang'onopang'ono (pH 5.5-6.5) ndiyabwino. Ngati dothi lakonzedwa modziyimira pawokha, ndiye kuti mchenga, humus ndi dothi louma limasakanikirana mofanana kapena nthaka yosakanikirana ndi magawo omwe ali ndi masamba, dothi louma komanso kompositi ndi theka la mchenga amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zomera za m'nyumba zam'mlengalenga sizimamera m'matumba akulu kapena mumbale. Kuti mbewu ziziwulula kukongola konsekonse kwamaluwa, zimagwiritsa ntchito zolimba, zazikulu kapena masamba obzala omwe amatha kumera mumipangiri yotalika masentimita 12 mpaka 15.Mzinthu zoterezi, ma rhizomes sangakule mpaka kungowononga maluwa, komanso masamba ambiri.
Zotengera zazikuluzikulu zimapangitsa kuti mbewuzo zizisintha kwa nthawi yayitali, zimakula, zimaphukira pang'ono, sizisunga mawonekedwe ndipo chifukwa cha kukula kwake, zimawoneka zosasangalatsa. Zachidziwikire, kuti mugwirepo msipu kapena m'munda wozizira, mutha kudzala ma astilbe mumipanda yambiri, koma maphikidwe okhala pompano sangasungidwe. Chosiyana ndi chosakanikika chophatikizika chophatikizika mumiyala yosanja, yophatikizira kuchokera kumitundu yosiyanasiyana yazomera.
Kwa astilbe ya chipinda, gawo lapansi lapadziko lonse ndiloyenera.
Kubzala ndi kukakamiza astilbe
Kubzala mu chidebe cha distillation, kunyamula kuchokera kumunda kapena kugula mbande za astilbe kumachitika bwino pakati pa nthawi yophukira - kuyambira chakhumi chachitatu cha Seputembala mpaka zaka khumi zapitazi za Okutobala. Pansi pa zotengera ziyenera kuyala ngalande yayitali. Mbande zimakhazikika mumbale, podzaza mosamala gawo lapansi ndikuyesera kuchepetsa kulumikizana ndi mizu. Mulingo wakuya kwamatchire umasungidwa chimodzimodzi ndi momwe udaliri m'munda. Malizani kufikitsa ndi kuthirira.
Njira yokakamizira zakuthambo imakhala ndi magawo angapo:
- Mutabzala, mbewu zomwe akufuna kupanga monga mbewu zakunyumba, zimayikidwa m'chipinda chozizira bwino kwambiri. Chinyezi chadothi chimakhala chopepuka. Zomera zimateteza ku zojambulajambula, mpweya wouma, kutentha kwambiri komanso kuyanika dothi.
- Kuzizira nyengo yachisanu ndikofunikira kuti kuzisinthira nthawi yokhala chete. Astilbe mu Disembala kapena Januware amasinthidwa kuti akhale owuma komanso ozizira, kutsitsa kutentha mpaka madigiri 10-12 Celsius. Pansi madigiri 10, kutentha sikuyenera kugwa. Mu mbewu zozizira zimatsalira mpaka kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano kumayamba.
- Gawo lotentha la maluwa okondwerera limayamba mbewuzo zitayamba kukula. Astilbe iyenera kuyikidwa pamalo owala, otsekemera a dzuwa, otetezedwa ku dzuwa. Kutentha kwamayendedwe azizindikiro za chipinda choyenera ndi koyenera, ngakhale masamba a astilba amatha bwino akamasungidwa mpaka madigiri 18 mpaka 21. Ngati mukufuna kukwaniritsa maluwa othamanga, mmera usananyamuliridwe kwa maola 12 umamizidwa m'madzi ndi kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 25, kenako lolani chinyezi chambiri kukhuta. Mutha kufulumizitsa maluwa ndi kukonzekera kwapadera - chifukwa chokakamiza maluwa, omwe amaphwanyidwa ndi mphukira. Pakadali pano, astilbe iyenera kusamalidwa nthawi zonse:
- kwa mbewu, kuthirira kumayambiranso, kusungitsa chinyezi chokhazikika cha gawo lapansi ndikungolola gawo lokhalo kuti louma, koma kupewa kupsinjika;
- kupopera mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse kapena kukhazikitsa ma humidifiers kumalowetsedwa mu pulogalamu yosamalira ana kuti asungidwe pang'ono, koma zodalirika zanyowa.
- Nthawi yonseyi yamaluwa ndi maluwa a astilbe yesani kukhalabe kutentha. Osamba amafunika kuti azikhala ndi mpweya wabwino, koma amawopa kulemba. Chozizira m'chipindacho, chidziwitso chowonjezeracho chingathe kutuluka. Kusamalira kanyenyezi kanyumba kosanja kwamaluwa kosiyana ndi kusamalira mitundu ina iliyonse yamaluwa amnyengo yambiri:
- masabata awiri aliwonse mbewu zimangovala bwino, pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza pazomera pamlingo wofotokozedwera wopanga;
- kuthirira kumachitika mogwirizana ndi zomwe zidapangidwa kale, kusungitsa chinyezi chokhazikika, kupewa nthaka kuti isanayime;
- chinazimiririka inflorescence ndi masamba owuma odulidwa.
Mukamagula zinthu zakuthambo zomwe zikugulitsa m'sitolo, simuyenera kuziyikaKuthamangitsa Astilba m'munda
Pambuyo maluwa, zitsamba za astilbe siziyenera kusiyidwa m'miphika kwa nthawi yayitali. Ma inflorescence owuma amadulidwa kuchokera kumzomera ndipo zotengera zimasunthidwa kuzizira zotheka (osachepera 10 Celsius). Kuwala kumasiyidwa kosasinthika kapena kutsitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, kusungitsa mpweya wabwino.
Pakatha sabata kapena osachepera masiku 4-5 kuti muzolowere kutentha pang'ono, nyenyezi zam'mlengalenga zimatha kutengedwa kupita kumunda kuti zizolowere mpweya wabwino komanso kuzolowera nthaka yabwino.
Zomera, nyengo ikangotha ndi kutentha kwa usiku kulola (muyenera kupewa kuwopseza akutsikira madigiri 8 Celsius), obzalidwa pamabedi amaluwa kapena pamabedi amodzi. M'munda wa astilbe sankhani shaded, zotetezedwa ndi pulatifomu ya mphepo yokhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba, opatsa thanzi komanso lotayirira. M'nyengo yotentha, tchire limathiriridwa madzi pachilala, panthaka zosauka - kudyetsedwa katatu ndi feteleza wovuta.
Kubwezeretsanso mobwerezabwereza kwa tchire lofananira lomweli, mosiyana ndi mbewu zina zambiri zam'minda zosamukira zipinda, ndizovomerezeka. Zomera zomwe zidapeza masamba abwino zimatha kusinthidwanso mumphika pakati pa nthawi yophukira chaka chino. Pali njira imodzi yokha yolumikizira - kugawa tchire m'magawo awiri.
Tizirombo ndi matenda a m'nyumba a astilbe
Zojambula zamkati zam'nyumba zimawonedwa zosagwirizana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Pali chiopsezo chogwiritsa ntchito kapena kugula kachilombo kachilombo komwe kawonongeka m'mundamo kapena maluwa, komanso kutayika kwa chitsamba chifukwa chakufalikira kwa zowola nthawi yamadzi.
Ngati pali zizindikiro za matenda, muyenera kusintha chisamaliro ndikuyamba mankhwalawa ndi fungicides kapena mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Zikaikidwa munthaka, mbewu zimayendera ndipo mbali zowonongeka zimachotsedwa.
