Msana, kapena monga momwe amatchulira, udzu wogona, wochokera ku banja la ranunculaceae, amakulira ku Siberia, Europe, ndi Caucasus. Pali mitundu 45 ya fuko. Amamera molunjika komanso amaphimbidwa ndi villi. Popita nthawi, duwa likakula, limachulukitsa masamba, ndipo munthu wamkulu amakhala kale pafupifupi 200. Chomerachi ndi chautali masentimita 50. Maluwa ndi akulu, opangidwa ngati mabelu, pafupifupi masentimita 8. Mtunduwo umakhala woyera ndi golide kapena siliva, utoto wachikaso, wofiirira, wofiirira. Maluwa atayamba kupera, maluwa ake amatalika, ndikupanga chipatso cha mizu yambiri.
Maluwa a mtanda: gulu
Zomera izi ndizokongola kwambiri, kuti tisunge mitundu onse ali mu Buku Lofiyira. Mitundu yayikulu ndi monga:
Lumbago wamba.- Kasupe.
- Zachotsedwa
- Chikaso
- Lugovoi
- Mosakaikira
- Wachichaina
Lumbago wamba.Chipinda wamba, chithunzi chake chili pansipa, chimakula mpaka masentimita 30. Maluwa amaphimbidwa ndi mawonekedwe oyera a siliva. Kuchokera masamba obiriwira owala bwino, omwe amafika 20 cm, rosette imapangidwa. Mtundu waubweya wa lumbago umachoka m'maso amtundu wa siliva umaoneka maluwa. Masamba achichepere amakhalanso ndi villi, omwe pafupifupi onse amatha maluwa. Limamasula kuyambira Epulo mpaka Meyi, kukumbukira za mawonekedwe ake belu. Mwa masamba a maluwa amtsogolo, mutha kudziwa mtundu wake, ndi yoyera, yofiirira, yofiirira. Pakati, maluwa amafika masentimita 9. Lumbago wamba ali ndi mitundu ingapo: ndi maluwa oyera ngati chipale, okhala ndi ofiira, ofiira-ofiira, komanso ofiira.
Mitundu yambiri ndi "Mayi Van der Elst", omwe amapanga maluwa akuluakulu a pinki. "Rodde Klokke" - wokhala ndi maluwa ofiira, oyera oyera "White Swen". Lumbago amatha kupirira chisanu mpaka madigiri 20. Kuti mbewuyo ikule bwino, iyenera kubzalidwa m'nthaka yotsetsereka ndi ngalande yabwino. Mtunduwu umapezeka ku Europe ndi Siberia.
Mtanda wa masika, chithunzi chake chomwe ukuchiwona pansipa, chimapanga chitsamba, chofika 15 cm panthawi ya maluwa, pamenepo amakula mpaka 30-40 cm. Mtengowo umapindika kwambiri ndipo umakhala wagolide wagolide. Masamba amatha kulekerera kuzizira, chifukwa ndi achikopa, mtundu wawo ndi wobiriwira wowoneka bwino, kufikira kutalika pafupifupi 10 cm, amatengedwa mu socket. Nthawi yamaluwa, masamba amapangidwa kale. Limamasula pafupifupi masiku 25 mu Epulo kapena Meyi ndi maluwa oyera ngati belu ofika mpaka 6 cm. Wochenjera amazindikira mthunzi wawo, womwe ndi utoto wofiirira mkati ndi pinki kunja. Poyamba maluwa, mutu wa maluwa amayang'ana pansi, kenako wowongoka.
Mu vivo amakula pamalo otsetsereka. Ngakhale kuti mtanda wamasika ndi wofala m'chilengedwe, m'malo mwake ndi kovuta kuti uchilime. Chomera sichilola alkali, chimakonda peat, humus, mchenga kapena dothi, momwe kapangidwe kake kamakhala ndi zovuta, kuphatikiza ngakhale singano zopindika. Zotsatira zake kuti lumbago ya masika ndiyosakhalitsa, komabe, imadulidwa mosavuta kudzera mu mbewu. Zomera obzalidwa poyera komanso dzuwa.
Chipinda chotsegulachi chimakhala ngati chitsamba chotalika pafupifupi 20 cm pafupifupi 10. The rhizome of the chomera ndi chamtundu wakuda bii, mawonekedwe ake ofukula amakhala ofiira komanso tsitsi lotuluka, amakhala ofewa kukhudza. Masamba a lumbago otseguka amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owumbika, amafikira 12 cm wobiriwira ndipo ndi pubescent.
Maluwa akunja amaphimbidwa ndi tsitsi lozungulira, lalifupi masentimita 6, poyamba limafanana ndi tulip, kenaka limasandulika mbali 6, osafuna ngati mabelu. Mtunduwu ndi wa lilac, wamtambo-wamtambo, nthawi zina wachikasu kapena yoyera. Limamasula mu Epulo-Meyi, ndipo masamba amatuluka, ndikupanga rosette. Amakonda malo otseguka ndi dothi kuchokera ku miyala ya miyala. Zipatso zingapo zimacha mwa Meyi-June. Ku Russia, ikhoza kupezeka ku gawo la ku Europe ndi Western Siberia. Kula mpaka Irtysh kum'mawa.
Chikasu chimakula, mpaka kutalika komanso m'lifupi mwake masentimita 20. Ndimagwirizana kwambiri ndi msana wotseguka. Masamba pamwamba khalani ndimtundu wakuda wobiriwirakuposa kuchokera kumwamba. M'mwezi wa Epulo-Meyi, makapu okhala ndi chikho, maluwa achikasu akuluakulu opangidwa ndi imvi amapangika, mpaka kufika mainchesi 8. Masamba otseguka amayamba kutembenukira chikasu mkati ndikukongola kunja. Ngati mungasankhe malo oyenera okulira, mbewuyo ndi yolimba komanso yolimba. Amakonda dothi losalowerera kapena acidized. Kuthengo, yogawidwa ku Urals (m'mapiri). Imakula kuchokera pa Mtsinje wa Volga kupita ku Mtsinje wa Lena.
Dambo lumbago limatalika masentimita 30. Limaphuka pafupifupi mwezi kuchokera pa Epulo mpaka Meyi, ndipo limapanga maluwa ofiirira ngati siliva. Kugawidwa m'chigawo cha ku Europe cha dziko lathu. Imapezeka m'nkhalango za paini, kumapiri a mchenga, ndi malo otsetsereka a dzuwa.
Chipilala chogwiritsa ntchito pamtunda chimakonda kukula m'madothi amiyala, omwe amagawidwa kudera la Mongolia ndi Siberia. Phula limakhala lalitali masentimita 45, maluwa kuyambira Epulo mpaka Meyi. Pafupi ndi maluwawo, omwe amatha kukhala amtambo, wabuluu-violet, masamba amawerama. Maluwa amafanana ndi belu. Ku Mongolia, msana umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya cham'mawa choyambirira kwa nyama zomwe zimabwezeretsa mphamvu mwachangu nazo.
Wachichaina Duwa limafikira 15 cm. Chipatsochi chikapangidwa, chimakula mpaka 30 cm. Pakatulutsa maluwa, chimakhala ngati kutulutsa maluwa a mtundu wa lilac-violet. Chomera sichingasinthidwe bwino ndi thaws yoyambira ndi nthawi yozizira.
Nyimbo Zamalipanga
Kutulutsa maluwa lumbago m'mbuyomu, kumawoneka bwino ndi zitsamba ndi mitengo zosiyanasiyana, m'mundamo mumawoneka bwino. Zimaphatikizidwa ndi maluwa am'mawa, mwachitsanzo, ndi masika a adonis, a crocuses, primroses. Amabzala m'mabande. Mutha kungotenga mitundu ingapo ya mbewuyi kapena kuyesa kukula gulu lonse. Osakumba mbewu ndi kuwasamutsa kuchoka kumalo awo achilengedwe, chifukwa sangadzapulumuke ngakhale pang'ono.
Kubzala ndi kukula mbewu
Msana wabzalidwa pabedi lamaluwa, pomwe zipatso zamtendere zoyandikana, zotsetsereka zam'mapiri ndi rockery ndizoyeneranso. Zomera sizilekerera chinyezi! Muyenera kusankha malo amtanda ndi mthunzi wosavuta, komabe, m'malo okhala dzuwa, chikhalidwecho chimamvanso bwino. Konzani duwa kum'mwera kwa dimba. Ndikwabwino ngati malo osankhidwa ali ndi otsetsereka omwe sangalole kuti madzi asunthidwe. Popeza njere zimakonda kuwala, ndibwino kuziphimba ndi dothi, koma osati zochuluka. Zosamalira Zomera:
- Lumbago ayenera kudyetsedwa. Chifukwa cha izi, feteleza okhala ndi laimu ndi nayitrogeni ndi oyenera. Mavalidwe apamwamba a potaziyamu-phosphorous ndi ofunikanso, koma amangoikidwa kawiri pachaka. Pali mwayi wokhala dothi losauka, nawonso lumbago limatha kumera kuchokera kwa mbeu popanda feteleza.
- Nthaka yofesa mbewu za lumbago iyenera kuthandizidwa ndi feteleza omwe amayikidwa mu kugwa. Chapakatikati, asanabzale, mbewu zimayenera kumasulidwa.
- Chisamaliro chimayenera kukhala ndi udzu, kuthirira ngati pakufunika, mothandizidwa ndi peat ndi humus kuti mulch. Chomera sichithana ndi chisanu, chifukwa chake chimayenera kusamutsidwa popanda kutayika nthawi yachisanu.
Kuswana
Chomera chimakhala chovuta kuuchika, kotero kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu. Kutulutsa kwa muvi, wobzalidwa mwanjira iyi, kumayamba kale mchaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Komabe, kumbukirani kuti mitundu ya mapiri imatha kusintha maluwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, gulani mbewu za lumbago wamba ndipo zovuta zamaluwa sizimera.
Mbewu zatsopano zimatengedwa kuti zibzalidwe, mphamvu yake ya kumera ndiyokwera kwambiri kuposa yakale. Malo mu June kapena Julayi. Mutha kubala mu kasupe, koma mu nkhaniyi, nthaka iyenera kutenthetsedwa. Lumbago azikhala bwino pa kutentha kwa madigiri 21 mpaka 25.
Mitundu ina imabzalidwa yophukira chifukwa imafunika stratization. Mbewu zidzachitika mu Meyi. Chapakatikati, yesani kubzala mtanda m'mbale zenerandi nthawi yotentha kuti mbande izitsegulidwa. Nthawi yomweyo, kumbukirani kuti chomera sichimalola kupatsidwa zina. Mukabzala mitundu ingapo pamodzi, mutha kupeza mitundu yosangalatsa ya mbewu yomwe ingakhale kutali ndi kholo.
Pali mitundu yambiri yamitundu ndi mitundu ya lumbago. Imakhala yoyera panthaka komanso yowala, komabe imasinthasintha bwino mikhalidwe yamtunda.
