Chomera chomera chokhazikika cha Lycoris (Lycoris), chikuyimira banja la Amaryllis. Mitundu iyi imagwirizanitsa mitundu yoposa 20. Zomera zimachokera ku South ndi East Asia: Thailand, South Korea, Pakistan, kumwera kwa China, Japan, Laos, Nepal ndi kum'mawa kwa Iran. Mitundu ina ya licorice idapita ku North Carolina, Texas ndi mayiko ena a America, ena mwa iwo atakhala m'malo atsopano. M'mayiko olankhula Chingerezi, mbewu yotereyi imatchedwa "kakombo wa akangaude", kapena "kakombo wamkuntho." M'mabuku asayansi, mutha kupeza dzina lachijapani la lyricis - "Higanban". Chikhalidwechi chimatchulidwanso kuti "duwa laimfa", zoona zake ndikuti nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa m'manda.
Mawonekedwe a lyricis
Kutalika kwa masamba masamba kumasiyana kuchokera pa 0,3 mpaka 0,6 m, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi wozungulira kuchokera pa 0,5 mpaka 2 cm. Kutalika kwa tsinde lolunjika kumasiyana kuchokera pa 0.3 mpaka 0.9 m. amene ali maluwa onunkhira. Amatha kukhala ndi lalanje, golide, oyera, ofiira, achikaso kapena ofiirira. Maluwa a mbewu yotereyi ndi amitundu iwiri:
- stamens ndiyotalika kangapo kuposa perianth;
- stamens amangokwera pang'ono pamwamba pamatchulidwe.
Chipatsocho ndi bokosi la njira zitatu momwe mbewu zimakhazikikamo. Mitundu yambiri ya licorice ndi yopanda chonde, polumikizana ndi izi imabereka kokha mwamafuta.
Chomera choterocho chimakhala ndi chilengedwe, masamba ake ndi maluwa samakumana. Kodi maluwa oterowo amatenga nthawi yanji? M'nyengo yotentha, mababu omwe ali pansi amakhala ndi nthawi yokhala chete. Peduncle imayamba kukula m'masiku oyamba a Seputembala, pomwe imakula msanga. Chifukwa chake, pakatha masiku 4 kapena 5, kutalika kwa mivi kumatha kutalika pafupifupi 0.5 m mwinanso zina. Pa 1 peduncle imamera maluwa anayi kapena asanu omwe amafanana ndi maluwa, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a Function komanso ambiri amkati. Chifukwa cha izi, maluwawa amafanana ndi kangaude. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi pafupifupi masiku 15, kenako maluwa amatuluka. Pokhapokha mbewuyo ikafota pomwe imayamba kupangira masamba owoneka ngati mivi, safa nthawi yonse yozizira, ndipo izi zimachitika milungu ingapo yoyambirira.
Kudzala kwa licorice kwakunja
Nthawi yobzala
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala licorice m'dzinja masabata 4 chisanu chisanachitike. Munthawi imeneyi, mababu adzakhala ndi nthawi yosinthira m'malo atsopano, ndipo mizu yawo imakula. Ngati pakufunika izi, ndiye kuti kubzala mababu kungachitike mchaka, koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti muzochitika izi kuti maluwa atha kudwala kwambiri. Maluwa a mbewuyi chaka chamawa mutabzala pafupifupi sizibwera chifukwa choti ndi odabwitsa kwambiri.
Kukula chikhalidwe ichi ndikovuta. Kuti muchite izi, ndikofunikira kusankha mosamala malo oyenera kulimidwa, ndipo lyric idzafunika kupereka malo okukula omwe angafanane kwambiri ndi achilengedwe. Malo oyenera kumera chomera ngati ichi ndiwoteteza ku zojambula zomangidwa ndi mphepo komanso komwe kumakhala mumthunzi wamitengo ikuluikulu.
Malamulo akumalo
Mbewu imeneyi imamera bwino pamchenga wamchenga. Konzani malowa ndikuchotsa maudzu onse ndikuchikumba, ngati kuli kotheka, onjezerani mchenga, peat, komanso ngakhale humus. Mapeto ake, pansi pamalowo pazikhazikitsidwa. Pamwamba pa mababu akulu pali mizere ya mtundu wa bulauni, iyenera kubzalidwa m'nthaka mozama osakwana masentimita 14, apo ayi ikhoza kuzizirira nthawi yozizira kwambiri. Mtunda wa 0.25-0.3 m uyenera kuyang'anidwa pakati pa maenje obzala, chowonadi ndichakuti ana amawonekera pamababu chaka chilichonse, ndipo aliyense wa iwo amafunikira malo odyetserako chakudya.
Pansi pa fossa pamafunika kuphimbidwa ndi mchenga, ndiye kuti anyezi amayikidwa mmenemo ndikuwakanikiza pang'ono mu gawo lapansi. Pambuyo pake, anyezi ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi mchenga wokonzedweratu, ndipo nthaka wamba imagwiritsidwa ntchito kudzaza malo opanda kanthu. Lembe ikadzalidwa, dothi lomwe lili mu bowo liyenera kupukusidwa, kenako ndikumadzalidwa bwino.
Kusamalira ma Licorice M'munda
Kukula kwa licorice m'munda mwako si ntchito yayikulu. Kuti muchite izi, adzafunika kuthilira nthawi yake, kuthirira, kumasula dothi pafupi ndi tchire ndi kuvala pamwamba. Komanso tchire limafunikira kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndikuwongolera licorice kumachitika, komanso kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo toyipa.
Momwe mungamwere ndi kudyetsa
Makamaka chidwi ayenera kulipidwa kuthirira licorice pa kukula kwambiri masamba masamba ndi peduncles. Munthawi imeneyi, nthaka yamtunda pansi pa zomerazi imayenera kukhala yonyowa nthawi zonse, pomwe muyenera kuyesetsa kupewa kupukuta kwathunthu pansi. Mu matalala nthawi, yomwe imawonedwa nthawi yozizira ndi chilimwe, kuthirira mbewu yotero sikofunikira.
Zomerazi sizimafunikira chakudya choyenera. Ngati chitsamba chili ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino ndikuwoneka wathanzi, zikutanthauza kuti ili ndi michere yokwanira. Komabe, ngati tchire limawoneka loponderezedwa kapena laulesi, ndiye kuti amalimbikitsidwa kuti adyetsere ndi feteleza wapadera wa michere.
Thirani
Mosiyana ndi mbewu zambiri zophatikiza, simuyenera kufalitsa licorice chaka chilichonse. Itha kumalidwa pamalo omwewo kwa zaka pafupifupi 5, koma mababuwo amayenera kuchotsedwa pansi, ndikugawidwa ndikubzalidwe m'malo atsopano. Choyamba muyenera kuyamba kukonzekeretsa mabowo atsopano. Kenako mababuwo ayenera kuchotsedwa m'nthaka, anawo ayenera kupatulidwa, ndipo izi zikuyenera kuchitika mosamala, kenako zolakwika ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi phulusa la nkhuni kapena malasha ophwanyika. Zitatha izi, mababu amabzalidwa dothi lotseguka (njira yodzalirayo ikufotokozedwa pamwambapa). Ngati licorice idayikidwa mu kugwa, ndiye kuti malowo samamizidwa. Tizikumbukira kuti mbewu zobzalidwa sizingakhale pachimake kwa zaka ziwiri zoyambirira pambuyo pa njirayi. Muyenera kukumbukiranso kuti kusinthanitsa pafupipafupi ndikugawa tchire la licorice kumabweretsa kufooka kwawo kwamphamvu. Ndikofunikira kugwira ntchito ndi mbewu yoteroyo yokhala ndi magolovesi, chifukwa zinthu zakupha zili m'magawo ake onse.
Momwe mungafalitsire
Nthawi zambiri, mababu aakazi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufalitsa chikhalidwe chotere. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ndizovuta kwambiri kupeza mbewu za lycoris, makamaka poganizira kuti zina mwa mitunduyo sizipanga konse. Kufalitsa maluwa otere munjira yamadzi, kapena,, mababu aakazi ndi ophweka, koma momwe angachitire zanenedwa pamwambapa.
Pambuyo maluwa
Mapangidwe a masamba amawonekera pambuyo poti maluwa atuluka. M'masabata omalizira a nyengo yophukira, gawo lokonzedwa la chitsamba limakonzedwa. Sikoyenera kuchotsa mababu m'nthaka nthawi yozizira, popeza amazika mizu kwambiri ndipo saopa kuzizira kwambiri. Ngati nyengo yotentha siikhala yozizira kwambiri komanso yozizira kwambiri, ndiye kuti pamwamba pa chiwembucho muyenera kuphimbidwa ndi nthambi za spruce kapena masamba owuma. Mu kasupe, pogona amachotsedwa pamalowa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Licoris imagwirizana kwambiri ndi matenda ndi tizirombo. Komabe, ntchentche za daffodil zimakhazikika pamenepa, pokhudzana ndi izi, pofuna kupewa matenda, dera lomwe limakula kwambiri tchire limatsanulidwa ndi yankho la tizilombo.
Mitundu ndi mitundu yama licorice okhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina
Wamaluwa amalima mitundu yaying'ono ya licorice. Pansipa, omwe ali otchuka kwambiri afotokozedwa.
Golden Licoris (Lycoris aurea)
Malo omwe mitunduyi imabadwira ndi China ndi Japan. Chomera chimakhala ndi kutentha pang'ono, sichiopa kutsitsa kutentha kwa mpweya kutsikira madigiri 5. Pankhani imeneyi, mkati mwazitali, mtunduwu umalimidwa kokha kunyumba. Kutalika kwa tchire ndi pafupifupi 0.6 m, ndipo mulifupi mwake ndi pafupifupi mamita 0. Maluwa otsekemera achikasu ali ndi mawonekedwe a tubular, m'mimba mwake amafikira pafupifupi masentimita 10. Kuwululidwa kwawo kumawonedwa mu masika omaliza kapena milungu yoyamba ya chilimwe. Inflorescence imakhala ndi maluwa 5 kapena 6.
Khachikha
Koyambira ku Japan. Kutalika kwa tchire kumasiyana kuchokera pa 0.6 mpaka 0.7 mamita.Masamba a basal omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe opanga lamba amatha kukula maluwa atayamba kutha. Amasonkhanitsidwa m'maluwa a maluwa onunkhira okongola a 6-8 opakidwa mtundu wa pinki, gawo lapakati ndi chikasu, ma perianth lobes amawongoka. Chomera sichipanga mbewu, mogwirizana ndi izi, mababu aakazi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofalitsa.
Radiant Lycoris (Lycoris radiata)
Mwachilengedwe, mtunduwu umatha kupezeka ku Korea, Nepal ndi China, ndipo umapangidwanso ku Japan, United States of America ndi mayiko ena. Mu mbewu yosatha iyi, masamba amadzala amakula kuposa maluwa. Mivi yamaluwa imakhala ndi kutalika kwa mamitala 0.3 mpaka 0.7. Mbale za masamba owala zimayikidwa limodzi, mulifupi wake sufika 10 mm, nthawi zina amapindika kuchokera pakatikati pa mbale. Mawonekedwe a maluwawo sasintha, mapikidwe awo ndi ofanana ndi ndevu zazitali komanso zopyapyala, zopendekera mmbuyo, pomwe pakati pawo pali mulu wa timiyala tambiri tating'ono, tomwe mawonekedwe ake ndiwobowola komanso osokonekera.
Magazi ofiira a Lycoris (Lycoris sanguinea)
Kutalika kwa chitsamba chowumbika chotere ndi pafupifupi mamilimita 0.45. Mtunduwu mu Epulo umapanga masamba ochepa kwambiri omwe amwalira mu June. Maluwa amawonedwa mu Ogasiti. Maluwa ndi ofiira kwambiri m'mimba mwake mpaka 50 mm.
