Funso, kapena makamaka mafunso onse awiri omwe akuvutitsa ambiri okhala chilimwe - kuti ayambe kukumba beetroot ndi liti ndikuyamba kutola kaloti m'munda? Palibe amene akufuna kuthamangira ndi izi, koma palibe kufunitsitsa kuchedwa ngakhale.
Zokolola beets ndi kaloti.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti zambiri zimadalira masiku oyenera komanso oyenera kukolola izi, kwenikweni, mbewu zosavuta kwambiri: zonse kulawa kwa mizu ndi mtundu wake pakukonzanso ndikumwa kwatsopano komanso zomwe zili ndi mavitamini. Ngati mumakumba m'mawa, iwo (mavitamini) sadzakhala ndi nthawi yodzikundikira, nthawi yayitali yosungirako mizu itachepa. Kupatula apo, kukumba koyambirira kwambiri kapena mochedwa kwambiri, mutha kulima mbewu muzu kutalika kwa dzinja, ndiye kuti, ndizofala kutaya mbewu.
Zambiri zimatengera cholembedwa chosavuta phukusi ndi mbewu. Zimawoneka zakuda ndi zoyera kuti ndi masiku angati omwe ayenera kudutsa kuchokera pakuwonekera kwa mbande zoyambirira mpaka kukumba kwa mizu. Zachidziwikire, chilengedwe chimadzilowera pano: zitatha izi, dzinja limatha kukhala lotentha komanso chinyezi chambiri, ndiye kuti nthawi yake polojekitiyo ingafanane ndendende. Kapenanso imakhala yozizira komanso yopanda chinyezi chowonjezereka ngati mvula, kenako mbewu zamizu zidzaphukira pambuyo pake, motero, ziyenera kukumba pambuyo pake.
Tiyeni tisanthule zinthu pang'onopang'ono, kenako, ndikutsimikiza izi, kumapeto kwa zindikirazi mudzadziwa nthawi yeniyeni yokumba karoti ndi kachiromboka.
Kodi kukumba kaloti ndi beets?
Kulima kaloti ndi beets kuli ofanana ndipo pano simungamvetsetse zapadera. Komatu pamapeto pake, ambiri mwamaluwa atembenukira ku lingaliro limodzi - muyenera kukumba kaloti mutangoyamba kumene kuzizira, ndipo beets - onetsetsani kuti mulibe ngakhale ang'ono kwambiri, apo ayi sanganame.
Mwambiri, ichi ndi chowonadi pang'ono, inde. Nkhani ya kaloti, imatha kulekerera chisanu, mutha kukumba ngakhale chipale chofunda choyamba chisazizira. Komabe, kuti muchepetse kuzizira kwa kaloti mwachisawawa, muyenera kupita pang'ono: muyenera kuyendayenda m'mundawo ndi kusamala kwambiri ndi nsonga za kaloti. Njira iyi sikuti ndiyatsopano, koma imalola kaloti kudutsa m'magawo onse pokonzekera kuti isungidwe. Zakhala zikuwoneka kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo zakhala zikufufuzidwa kopitilira kamodzi kapena kawiri, kuti ngati mumakumba kaloti chisanu chisanu, chisungidwe 30% chochepa kwambiri mukamakumba pambuyo pake.
Ponena za beetroot, monga tafotokozera kale, aliyense ali ndi chiyembekezo chimodzi kuti pofika nthawi ya chisanu choyamba beets iyenera kutulutsa m'nthaka. Komabe, kumbali ina, ngati nyengoyi ilibwinobwino komanso yopanda mvula, ndiye kuti kachiromboka kamakhala bwino m'nthaka: kasungidwa bwino m'nthaka kuposa momwe anakumbidwira m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba kapena pansi. Inde, ndipo kachidutswa ka kachilomboka kamakulitsidwa ndi 50%.
Ndi nkhani yosiyaniratu ndi nthawi yophukira mvula ikagwa. Pali kuthekera kwakukulu koti mbewu za muzu zimatha kutola chinyontho chambiri kotero kuti sizifunikira zomwe zimayamba kuwonongeka nthawi yosungirako. Zikuwonekeratu kuti ngati mukalimbitsa beets ndi kukumba munyengo yamvula, sichingakhale chokwanira kusungidwa. Apa, olima mundawo mwanjira ina amakhala olondola, omwe siziika pachiwopsezo pachabe osadikirira kuti awonjezere magalamu angapo, koma kukumba ma beets akangowopseza chisanu woyamba, kapena mvula yakugwa ikayamba kugwa.
Nthawi yokumba kaloti ndi beets zimatengera kwathunthu gawo lakudzalamo. Chifukwa chake, ngati ndinu wokhala kum'mwera, ndiye kuti kufufuzaku kudzachitika pambuyo pake, pakati - pakati, ndi kumpoto - koyambirira. Muyenera kuyang'ana zamtsogolo zakumera kwa kachilomboka: mwachitsanzo, ngati akatswiri a zanyengo atalosera mwamphamvu kuzizira, ndiye tiyenera kuyembekezera chiyani? Ndipo wina ayenera kulingaliranso za masiku okucha a mitundu (omwe tidalemba kale).
Chembani kaloti ndi beetsKaloti
Kupaka utoto wamapepala apakati komanso apakati kungakhale chizindikiro chokumba kaloti. Osataya nthawi pachabe, mutha kungochotsa mbewu ndi chonde ndikusanthula bwino. Ngati chimakhala ndi zingwe zoyera kwambiri ngati chipale chofewa, ndiye kuti muzu wokonzeka kukolola. Zikakhala kuti ming'alu yazindikiridwa pamizu, ndiye kuti muyenera kukumba lonse lonse msanga - kaloti ayamba kale kupitilira. Ponena za masiku okolola, ndibwino - iyi ndi theka lachiwiri la Seputembala, pafupi ndi Okutobala.
Mutasankha nthawi yanthawi yake, mutha kuyamba kukumba kaloti. Kuti muchite izi, ndibwino kusankha tsiku labwino la dzuwa, osamamwetsa masiku angapo, patsiku lokufukula, nthaka iyeneranso kukhala youma. Ndikosavuta kukumba kaloti ndi pitchfork: izi ndizosavuta, koma kaloti amathanso kuvulaza. Mutha kukumba palimodzi: wina amatola ndi pitchfork ndikukoka pang'ono kalotiyo pansi, ndipo winayo kumapeto kwake kumakutulutsa pansi. Kenako, ndi manja anu, osati ndi mpeni kapena china chilichonse, mutha kuyesa kusula dothi pamaloti ndikuyika mizu yotalika panthaka kapena kuyika pambali yomwe ipite kukabzala mbewu chaka chamawa kuti isungidwe. Mukakumba, yang'anirani mizu yanu mosamala: Zomwe zili ndi vuto lowonongeka ziyenera kuyambiridwanso kapena kudyedwa mwatsopano, ndipo zonse zokhwima bwino ziyenera kusungidwa kapena mu bokosi lina kuti mubzale (mbewu).
Ponena za langizo losiya kaloti m'mundamo kuti ziume mwachindunji ndi nsonga, nditha kutsutsana. Malingaliro anga, muyenera kudula nsonga zambiri nthawi yomweyo, kusiya zomwe zimapanga masentimita angapo mulitali, ndipo ndibwino kuzichotsa kwathunthu, ndikusiya mizu kuti iwume kwa maola angapo (apo ayi nsonga zimatulutsa chinyezi kuchokera muzu). Chotsatira, timatumiza kaloti ku malo amdima kwa maola asanu kapena asanu ndi limodzi, pamenepo kumazizira ndipo pomaliza kukonzekera kusungidwa.
Pambuyo pokumba, timapitiriza kufotokoza za dongosolo la kusunga kaloti. Pali, zambiri, zosankha zambiri pano. Mwachilengedwe, chipinda choyenera kwambiri chosunga kaloti ndi cellar kapena cellar, momwe matenthedwe amangotsala ndi +4 madigiri, ndipo chinyezi ndi 80%. Pamakhonde, ndikuti, m'matumba, kaloti sangathe kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, amangoyamba kuwola pamenepo. Ndipo ngati khonde silikongoletseka ndipo silitenthedwa, ndiye kuti lidzangoyimitsidwa ndikufa.
Njira yabwino ndi cellar, mashelufu amamangidwamo, amakonzedwa ndi 2% sulfate yamkuwa, mabokosi amaikidwa pa iwo ndipo kaloti amaikidwa, owazidwa ndi utuchi wowuma komanso woyera. M'malo mwa utuchi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga wouma komanso wosadetsa, njira yoyenera kwambiri (kokha mabokosiwo amayenera kukhala ochepa kuti mchenga usadzuke).
Munthawi zina, mizu ya kaloti imasungidwa pamakhonde ongozimira, koma osatentha. Choyamba amviika mu zosakaniza dongo, kuloledwa kuti ziume, ndipo kaloti zotere amatha kugona nthawi yonse yozizira ngati siku ozizira kwambiri.
M'zipinda zokhala ndi chinyezi chochepa, m'mawu ena, muzipinda zouma, kaloti amathanso kusungidwa m'matumba wamba, koma mpweya wokwanira, wokhala ndi mabowo opangidwa kale, ndikuwaza mbewu za mizu ndi utuchi.
Pazipinda zapansi, kaloti amasungidwa, ndikupatutsa malo omwe amakhala pansi pake, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala omata ndi matabwa oyera oyera. Matabwa owuma ndi atsopano ayeneranso kuyikidwa pansi, ndipo pa iwo, mwachitsanzo, chowonda chowongolera chotalika masentimita atatu chiyenera kuyikidwa. Chowonda chimapotsera mbewa bwino, ndipo sizigwira nthawi yonse yozizira.
Ngati mulibe bunker, ndiye kuti kaloti amathanso kusungidwa m'chipinda chapansi, koma m'mabokosi amatabwa atsopano omwe amaphimbidwa ndi utuchi ndipo wokutidwa ndi pulasitiki wokutira kuti asatulutse chinyezi chowonjezera, chifukwa pansi pake pamakhala ofunda.
Kukumba kaloti.
Beetroot
Ndikofunika kuti muzikumba mpaka kutentha kugwe ku mitengo yoyipa komanso nyengo yamvula isanayambe. Ponena za nthawi ya kalendala, nthawi zambiri imagwera pakati pa Seputembala ndipo imakhalapo mpaka pakati pa Okutobala. Jambulani kachiromboka padzuwa labwino pomwe dothi lakhala louma komanso lopanda chinyezi chambiri.
Palibe vuto kuti musakumba beets kale kuposa nthawi yomwe mwapatsidwa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kuyambira kumapeto kwa Ogasiti mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala, kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi zinthu zina zofunika kuzikulunga ndi kachilomboka.
Chizindikiro cha kukumba beets nthawi zambiri chimakhala ma tubercles ang'onoang'ono, ngati mutayang'anitsitsa, amawonekera bwino. Ma tubercles ali pamtunda wa mbewu zomwe zimayambira (ichi ndichizindikiro kuti nthawi yakwana).
Kuphatikiza apo, mwachidziwikire, muyenera kuyang'anira momwe zanyengo ziliri, tcherani chidwi ndi masamba: pa iwo, monga muzu wazomera, zophukiranso zimawonekera - ichi ndichizindikiro chowoneka bwino kuti beets yapsa. Muyeneranso kuwonjezera zamasamba amodzi ndikusanthula kuchokera kumbali zonse, ndikosavuta kumvetsetsa ngati beets ndi kucha kapena ayi.
Nthawi yabwino (tidafotokozera mwachidule pamwambapa) - tsiku lanyundo lomwe lili ndi kutentha komanso dothi louma - iyi ndi nyengo yokonzedwera kukumba beets.
Kukumba beetroot, m'malingaliro anga, ndikosavuta ndi pitchfork: pali kuwonongeka kochepa pamizu. Mukangokumba, chotsani nsongazo kuti musayime, kusiya chitsa chotalika chokha (musang'ambe nsonga ndi manja anu, chifukwa mutha kuwononga mbewu yazu), kenako ndikufalitsani mizu padzuwa kuti liume kwa maola angapo.
Kukumba beets.
Zofunika! Zomera za beetroot, zomwe ziyenera kusungidwa, siziyenera kutsukidwa mulimonse. M'malo mwake, yang'anani aliyense mosamala, monga momwe ziliri ndi kaloti, ndipo tisiyeni mbewu zomwezo zomwe sizikuwonongeka ndikuwonongeka kwathunthu kuti zisungidwe.
Chifukwa chake, ikani ma beets a tebulo, omwe mudasanja mosamala ndikuchotsa dothi, ndi chovala chovalacho osati chopukutira, m'chipinda chilichonse chouma chomwe muli mpweya wabwino komanso palibe kuwala kwatsiku komwe kungagwere pa beets. Mu chipinda choterocho, beets iyenera kugona kwa masiku 6-7, kotero kuti mizu yake idzauma ndipo ikhale yokonzeka kusungidwa. Pambuyo pa izi, mbewu za muzu zitha kusunthidwa bwino kupita ku malo aliwonse osungira nyengo yachisanu.
Mutha kusunga beets chimodzimodzi monga kaloti muchipinda chapansi kapena cellar, moyenera kutentha kumeneko kuyenera kuchokera ku 0 mpaka +2 digiri Celsius ndi chinyezi pa 90%. Ngati kuli kotentha, muzu wa mbewu ukhoza kuyamba kumera msanga, kuvunda ndipo matenda ena amakula, kwakukulu, mbewu itha kutaika. Beetroot imakonda kwambiri kutentha kutentha koyambirira komwe kusungirako, ndiye kuti ngakhale pa +4 digiri Celsius nsonga zake zimayamba kukula ndipo kwa mwezi umodzi ziyenera kusungidwa ndi kutentha pafupifupi degree imodzi kuposa zero ndipo osatinso.
Onetsetsani kuti mukusamalira kayendedwe ka mpweya mu sitolo, izi zikugwirizana ndi kusungidwa kwa kaloti, ndi kusungidwa kwa beets. Moyenera, mpweya wabwino uyenera kukhala wachilengedwe, ndipo nkhokwe zomwe ma beets amasungidwa ziyenera kukwezedwa masentimita 5 mpaka 10 kuti mpweya udutse pamenepo. Njira yophweka ngati imeneyi imaziziritsa mizu, kuwalepheretsa thukuta ndipo sizingathandize pakupanga zowola ndi zovuta zina.
