Phalaenopsis orchid (Phalaenopsis) ndi chomera chamtundu wa banja la Vandaceae Orchidaceae. Kwawo ndi nkhalango zonyowa za Southeast Asia, Australia ndi Philippines. Ambiri mwa maluwa amenewa ndi ma epiphytes, pomwe amakulira pamitengo, koma nthawi zina amatha kukumana ndi kukula pamiyala. Georgia Rumf, katswiri wazachilengedwe waku Germany, ndiye woyamba kupeza chomera chotere pa umodzi wa Moluccas. Karl Blum, director of Leiden Botanical Garden, wotchedwa orchid phalaenopsis, adafufuzanso chomera ichi ndi ma binoculars ndipo adawona kuti maluwa ake ndi agulugufe enieni, ndipo phalaenopsis amangotanthauza "ngati njenjete". Masiku ano, maluwa nthawi zina amatchedwa "maluwa a gulugufe." Mitundu iyi imagwirizanitsa mitundu pafupifupi 70. Zomera zoterezi zimakonda kwambiri alimi a maluwa, chifukwa zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kusinthasintha kwake komanso momwe zimagwirira ntchito, ndipo izi zimachitikanso chifukwa chakuti maluwa amenewa ndiosavuta kuwasamalira.
Kufotokozera mwachidule kukula
- Maluwa. Itha kuphuka nthawi iliyonse, kutalika kwa maluwa ndi miyezi 2-6.
- Kupepuka. Zosowa zimayatsa nyali zowala (mawindo oyenera akummawa, chakumadzulo ndi kumpoto chakum'mawa) kapena mumthunzi wochepa pang'ono.
- Kutentha. Kutentha kovomerezeka kwakukulu kuli pafupifupi madigiri 42, ndipo otsika ndi madigiri 12. Maluwa amakhala omasuka pa kutentha kwa madigiri 15 mpaka 25.
- Kuthirira. Njirayi imachitika pambuyo poti gawo lapansi mumphikawo ndi louma kwathunthu.
- Chinyezi cha mpweya. Kuyambira 30 mpaka 40 peresenti, pomwe chipindacho chiyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino.
- Feteleza. Kamodzi pa sabata ndi yankho la feteleza wathunthu wamafuta.
- Nthawi yopumula. Osatchulidwa kwambiri.
- Thirani. Ngati dothi losakanikirana limaphatikizidwa ndi makeke, monga lamulo, kamodzi pazaka 2-4.
- Kuswana. Vegetatively (mbali zakumaso).
- Tizilombo zovulaza. Mealybugs, nthata za akangaude, zopondera, tizilombo tambiri, maulesi.
- Matenda. Fusarium, dzimbiri, anthracnose, mawanga, zakuda, zofiirira, imvi komanso zowola mizu.
Zambiri za Phalaenopsis orchid
Kuti mukule maluwa okongola a phalaenopsis orchid, muyenera kudziwa zochitika zina, chifukwa mbewu yotere ndi yachilendo pakatikati patali. Kuthengo, duwa loterolo limakonda kumera m'nkhalango zachinyezi ndi zamapiri, pomwe limamera pamitengo, mogwirizana ndi izi limafunikira mawonekedwe apadera a microclimate, ndipo zidzakhala zofunika kuzilenga mchipindamo. Zofunikira kwambiri za orchid:
- Gawo laling'ono ndi chidebe chomwe orchid amapezekamo chimangofunikira thandizo.
- Mizu yoyenera iyenera kukhala pamlengalenga, ndipo imafunikira kuwala.
- Mizu ya chomera ngati ichi imakhala yobiriwira, kuthengo imatulutsa madzi amvula ndi chinyezi kuchokera kumlengalenga, ndipo zimatenga michere kuchokera pakhungwa la mtengo. Amagwira mwachindunji mu photosynthesis, chifukwa chake amafunikira kuwala kokwanira.
- Chomera choterocho chimakhalanso ndi mizu ya mlengalenga, chimabala ndikuyang'ana zakudya. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuwunika nthawi zonse kuti asagwere mumphika wamaluwa wapafupi.
Rasette yoyambira imakhala ndi masamba azodzaza zipatso okhala ndi mizere iwiri. Maulendo oyendayenda ndiitali. Ma inflorescence okhala ndi burashi amapangidwa ndi maluwa a gulugufe. Maluwa amatha kujambulidwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo: lilac, chikasu, wofiirira, wofiirira, wobiriwira, wonyezimira, etc. Nthawi zambiri, milomo ya maluwa imawonekera bwino motsutsana ndi maziko a akambuku, milozo, padera kapena pamiyala, chifukwa imakhala ndi utoto wosiyana. . Orchid wamtunduwu ndiwofanana, zomwe zimatanthawuza kuti silipanga babu. Duwa lotereli silimasiyanasiyana munthawi yopumula. Maluwa amawonedwa kawiri pachaka (kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira), koma ndi chisamaliro chabwino amatha kutulutsa katatu mu chaka chimodzi.
Phalaenopsis orchid kusamalira kunyumba
Kuti mulime maluwa okongola a phalaenopsis orchid mu malo mchipinda chake, muyenera kupeza malo oyenera kwambiri, sankhani njira yoyenera kudya, kuthirira ndi kutentha, ndipo muyenera kuteteza maluwa ku matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizilombo toopsa.
Kupepuka
Kuyika mphika wamaluwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kusankha zenera lakum'mawa, kumadzulo kapena kumpoto chakum'mawa. Pomwe pakufunika kuyiyika pawindo, lomwe lili kum'mwera kwa chipindacho, poto umayikidwa patebulopo, womwe umayimirira pafupi ndi zenera lotsekedwa ndi nsalu, chifukwa chomwe kumetedwa pang'ono. Ngati kunyezimira kwanyengo kwa dzuwa kukugwera pa phalaenopsis, ndiye kuti kuwotcha kumawoneka pamalopo ndi masamba, omwe ali ofanana kunja ndi mawanga. Kuti chitsamba sichimilira mbali imodzi, chizizunguliridwa kamodzi pakadutsa masiku 15-20. Komabe, pakupanga masamba, chitsamba sichiyenera kusokonezedwa.
Njira yotentha
Chomera chimamera m'malo otenthetsedwa ndi madigiri 18 mpaka 25, pomwe chitsamba chimatha kuyimirira kwakanthawi kochepa kutentha (mpaka madigiri 42) kapena kuzizira (osachepera madigiri 12). Komabe, izi siziyenera kuchitiridwa nkhanza, ndi bwino ngati chitsamba chili pa kutentha (kuyambira madigiri 15 mpaka 25).
Chinyezi cha mpweya
Chinyezi sichiyenera kukhala chokwera kwambiri (30 mpaka 40 peresenti), pomwe chipindacho chimayenera kupumira. Ngati chinyezi chotsika, ndiye kuti masambawo ataya, ndipo maluwa ayamba kuwuluka mozungulira. Popewa izi, mphika wa orchid uyenera kuyikidwa pallet yodzaza ndi timiyala tothira. Ndi chinyezi chambiri kwambiri, zowola zimatha kuwoneka pamizu, komanso mawanga pa masamba. Akatswiri samalangiza kutonthoza orchid kuchokera ku sprayer ngakhale kutentha kwambiri, chifukwa timadzimadzimbayo timalowetsa masamba ndikuchotsa pakati, ndipo chifukwa cha izi, zowola zimatha kuwoneka. Komanso madzi akamatuluka pansi pachitsamba, amawotcha amatha.
Feteleza
Chomera chimayenera kudyetsedwa mukathirira, pomwe feteleza wathunthu wa Kemira-Lux amawonjezeredwa ndi madzi (1 gramu yamadzi pa lita imodzi). Pafupipafupi kuvala kwapamwamba nthawi 1 pa theka la mwezi. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumatha kuchitika nthawi 1 m'masiku 7, komabe, motere, kuzunzidwa kwa osakaniza sikuyenera kukhala kofooka. M'pofunika kudyetsa mbewu mutathirira.
Malamulo Othirira
Thirirani maluwa pokhapokha gawo lapansi litapukutiratu, koma lisakhale louma kwa nthawi yayitali. Mukamakula chomera mumphika wowonekera, kutha kwa chinyezi kuchokera kumakoma ndi chizindikiro choti kuthirira. Ngati mbewuyo ilibe madzi okwanira, ndiye kuti mizu yobiriwirayo imakhala yodetsedwa. Pomwe mphikawo ndi opaque, pangafunike kufufuta dothi kuti muone ngati laphwa. Panthawi yothirira, ndikosatheka kuti madzi agwere masamba, chifukwa chake amayenera kuthiridwa mwachindunji mu dothi losakanikirana kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira yotsiririra, chifukwa mumphika umamizidwa mu chidebe chodzazidwa ndi madzi, ndipo gawo laling'onolo liyenera kudzazidwa ndi madzi kudzera pazitseko zakukhazikikira.
Madzi othirira ayenera kukhala ofewa komanso oyera, amayenera kudutsidwa kudzera mu fayilo, kenako ndikuwaphika. Madzi osungunuka nawonso ali oyenera kuchita izi. Kamodzi pa milungu 4 iliyonse chomera chitha kusamba, kapena m'malo mwake, chimatha kutsukidwa pansi pa mpopi. Kenako chitsamba chawonongeka bwino. Ndizosatheka kupitiliza maluwa, chifukwa masamba ake ayamba kufota, pomwe kuthekera kwa kuwola kwa msambo kumakula. Izi zimatha kubwezeretsanso kuwombera kotsatira, koma muzoyipa kwambiri, izi zidzatsogolera ku kufa kwa chitsamba.
Thirani
Kodi maluwa amenewa amawayika liti? Izi zimachitika ngati udakula muudzu womwewo ndi kuchuluka kwa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Monga lamulo, panthawiyi kudula kosakaniza kwa dothi kumachitika, kuwuma kwake, chifukwa, kumakhala kosayenera kukula, chifukwa chake gawo laling'ono liyenera m'malo. Kuika kwina kungafunikire poti mizu ikayamba kukula kwambiri ndikukula kudzera m'maenje okumba. Izi zimachitika m'mene chitsamba chazimiririka.
Ngati phalaenopsis ili ndi thanzi labwino ndipo yakula gawo laling'ono, ndiye kuti imasunthidwa mosamala mumphika watsopano waukulu, komwe pansi pake pamakhala dambo labwino. Zotupa zomwe zili mumphika zimadzazidwa ndi gawo latsopanolo, pomwe kapangidwe kake kakuyenera kuphatikiza kutumphuka kwa tizigawo tating'onoting'ono komanso kakang'ono, ndipo sphagnum iyenera kuwonjezeredwa kwa iyo. Sitoloyo ili ndi gawo lopangidwa kale la orchid, koma mutha kuchita nokha, pachifukwa ichi, chosanjika chabwino chimapangidwa kuchokera pazinthu zazing'ono za polystyrene foam kapena dongo lotukulidwa pansi pazotengera, ndiye khungulo la gawo lapakati, kenako gawo labwino, lomwe liyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi sphagnum . Tiyenera kudziwa kuti ngakhale makungwa ali owuma, amapitilira madzi msanga. Pamenepa, asanayambe kukonzekera kwa gawo lapansi, khungwa liyenera kutsukidwa bwino, kenako limasiyidwa m'madzi kwa masiku awiri kuti lithe. Kenako khungubwe liyeneranso kutsukidwa ndi madzi oyera.
Kudulira
Tchika chitazirala, muyenera kuyang'ana muvi wakale kwakanthawi. Muvi ukakhala wofota ndi wachikasu, uyenera kudulidwa. Komabe, ngati muvi ndi wowoneka bwino komanso wobiriwira, ndiye kuti mwina pakatha miyezi ingapo yopuma maluwa adzakhalapo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti muvi watsopano uyenera kukula maluwa asanakhalepo. Ngati muvi wakale ndiwotalikirapo, ndikofunikira kufupikitsa, pomwe kudula kuyenera kudulidwa pamwamba pa impso yoyambira ndi 10 mm. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kukwera duwa kukadulidwa, maluwa ochepa amapezeka kumbali yakutsogolo. Komabe, mbewu yolumikizira singadulidwe pansanja yachitatu, apo ayi mtengowo sukutulutsa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Maluwa otuwa
Phalaenopsis orchid imatha kuphuka nthawi iliyonse pachaka; chikhalidwe cha tchire, komanso nyengo zomwe zimalimidwa, zimathandizira kwambiri. Kutalika kwa maluwa kumasiyana kuyambira miyezi iwiri mpaka isanu ndi umodzi. Monga lamulo, chitsamba chimaphuka kawiri mchaka chimodzi, koma nthawi zina chimamasuwa kachitatu mchaka chimodzi. Pawiri, maluwa amafika masentimita 2-15, pomwe pa 1 peduncle amatha kukhala zidutswa za 3-40. Kuchulukitsa kwa nthambi ya peduncle kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa maluwa opangidwa ndi momwe mbewuzo zikukulira. Nthawi zina kutalika kwa peduncle kumatha kufika pafupifupi 100 cm, pomwe masamba pafupifupi 100 a maluwa akuluakulu amatha kuyikidwapo. Maluwa amakhala ndi fungo labwino komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana: kuchokera ku chikaso chofiirira, chofiirira, choyera kapena chofiirira mpaka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mawanga, madontho ndi mitsempha motsutsana ndi maziko akulu.
Kupanda maluwa
Patatha miyezi itatu maluwa atamaliza, maluwa amakamasanso maluwa. Komabe, nthawi zina, chitsamba chimatha kukula mwachangu, koma maluwa samachitika. Zoyenera kuchita kuti phalaenopsis pachimake? Choyamba muyenera kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake chitsamba sichimachita maluwa. Zifukwa zotheka:
- Kuwala kotsika kwambiri. Patsani mbewu ndi nyali zabwino, ndipo ziyenera kuphuka.
- Orchid imadzaza ndi nayitrogeni. Ndikofunika kudikirira mpaka nayitrogeni yonseyo itakonzedwa ndi orchid, ndipo panthawiyi iyenera kudyetsedwa kokha ndi phosphorous.
- Tchire latopa kwambiri, ndipo kuti apezenso mphamvu, adzafunika nthawi yambiri. Muyenera kudikirira kwakanthawi, kenako ndikuthandizira maluwa a maluwa a maluwa.
Pofuna kulimbikitsa maluwa, gwiritsani ntchito njira yosakwanira kuthirira pogwiritsa ntchito "Ovary" kapena "Bud". Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kuchepetsa kutentha kwa usiku, chifukwa chake, kusiyana pakati pa kutentha masana ndi usiku kuyenera kukhala osachepera 6-8. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwakuthwa kwa kutentha, maluwa amalimbikitsidwa.
Pambuyo maluwa
Monga lamulo, kumapeto kwa maluwa, muvi wakale umayamba kuuma, chifukwa chake amachotsedwa. Komabe, nthawi zina, mivi simumauma, ndipo mtundu wake umakhala wobiriwira, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kusankha zoyenera kuchita:
- siya zoyenda:
- kudula peduncle kukhala nthambi yayitali;
- chotsani peduncle kwathunthu.
Zikachitika kuti peduncle adadula, imatha kutsitsidwa ndikuthiridwa m'madzi ngati akufuna, ndipo pakapita kanthawi mwana amatha kuyikapo. Ngati muvi wakale utasiyidwa pachitsamba, ndiye kuti patapita kanthawi pang'ono nthambi pamwamba pake, kenako maluwa nkukhala, komabe, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti pamenepa maluwa sangakhale opusa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi omwe adawonedwa pamipanda yatsopano.
Kufalitsa kwa Phalaenopsis
Kubereka kwa phalaenopsis ana
Pali ma orchids omwe amafala momwe iwo amagwiritsira ntchito njira yogawanitsa ma rhizome, koma njirayi sioyenera phalaenopsis. Kuthengo, kutulutsa chomera chotere kumachitika ndi mphukira ndi mbewu zatsopano. Komabe, singathe kufalitsidwa ndi mbewu munyumba.
Ndikosavuta kufalitsa maluwa oterowo m'njira yopatsa zipatso; chifukwa izi, mphukira zotsogola zimadulidwa pansanja kapena m'munsi mwa masamba odulidwa. Dulani mphukirawo pokhapokha maluwa atatha, chitsamba chimapuma kwa miyezi iwiri. Mphukira zokhazo ndizomwe zimabzyala pomwe masamba awiri amapangidwa, ndipo kutalika kwa mizu ya mpweya kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 50 mm. Komabe, ana sayenera kuloledwa kukula, chifukwa izi zingasokoneze mkhalidwe wabanja. Atalekanitsa, mwana ayenera kusiyidwa kwa maola 24 kuti aume, kenako nkudzalidwa mu kachigawo kakang'ono kwambiri, ndipo kanyumba wobiriwira pang'ono amayenera kupangidwira mphukira, komwe kutentha kuyenera kukhala nthawi zonse kuyambira madigiri 22 mpaka 25.
Njira zina zamtundu zimapangidwa kawirikawiri kwambiri pokhapokha ngati pali kusamalidwa kwa duwa. Pankhani imeneyi, ngati chitsamba sichimapereka ana, ndiye kuti kudzutsidwa kwa impso kugona kungayambike modabwitsa. Kuti muchite izi, m'munsi mwa peduncle yomwe yazimiririka, muyenera kupeza impso yogona, pogwiritsa ntchito tsamba lakuthwa lomwe muyenera kupanga kuti lisayike kwambiri pansi pamiyeso yotsekera, ndiye kuti limachotsedwa ndi ma tweezers. Kenako, impso imagwiridwa ndi nthenda yatsopano ya birch kapena yankho la chopatsa chothandizira. Pamalo ochitikira, pakatha miyezi 1-2, tsamba lokhala ndi mbale zingapo liyenera kupanga, ndipo pakatha miyezi itatu, mizu imakula. Kuti muchepetse njirayi, muyenera kuyika thumba la polyethylene pachitsamba, chowonadi ndi chakuti microclimate yonyowa komanso yotentha imathandizira kukula kwa ana.
Mutha kutenga mwana mothandizidwa ndi phesi la maluwa odulidwa. Choyamba, chotsani masikelo mu impso (momwe mungachitire izi, tafotokozeredwa pamwambapa), ndiye kuti peduncle 40-70 mm imamizidwa mu yankho la zovuta feteleza wa mchere (0.005%). Phula la maluwa liyenera kuyikamo mini-wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo limaperekanso zosintha zamadzi nthawi zonse.
Matenda a Phalaenopsis ndi chithandizo chawo
Phalaenopsis orchid imatha kutenga matenda onse osapatsirana komanso opatsirana. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti duwa lotere limatha kudwala kokha ngati lingasamaliridwe bwino.
Fusarium
Nthawi zambiri, maluwa amenewa amakhala ndi nthenda ya fungus monga fusarium. Ku tchire, mizu yake imayamba kukhudzidwa, kenako matendawa amafalikira kumera wonse. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amayamba kukula ngati pali chinyezi chambiri. Chitsamba chomwe chakhudzidwa sichitha kuchiritsidwa, pankhaniyi, chikuyenera kuwotchedwa.Komabe, zowola zina (mwachitsanzo: zofiirira, za imvi, zakuda ndi muzu), komanso anthracnose, dzimbiri ndi mawanga, nthawi zina zitha kuthandizidwa ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa pokonzekera fungicidal (Topsin-M, Fundazol, etc.), 2 chithandizo chopumira 1 Masabata 5.
Urticaria
Nthawi zambiri, maluwauwa amadwala ming'oma. Mu mbewu yodwala, zotupa za masamba zimayang'aniridwa, kumayambiriro koonekera ndi malo akulu, m'mimba mwake kufika 20-30 mm. Zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko cha matendawa zimatha kuchuluka chinyezi, kutentha kochepa kwambiri komanso mpweya wabwino m'chipindacho. Ndikokwanira kuyamba kusamalira bwino duwa, ndipo adzachira.
Botritis
Phalaenopsis imapanganso botrytis ndi chinyezi chambiri komanso mpweya wabwino, ndipo maluwa amakhudzidwa. Choyamba, mawanga amtundu wakuda wa bulauni pamtunda wa pamalawo, kenako amatha. Mukachulukitsa kutentha mchipindamo, matendawa amakula pang'onopang'ono. Kuphatikiza apo, tiyenera kuyesa kusintha mpweya wabwino mchipindacho, ndikuchiritsa chitsamba ndi bactericidal wothandizira.
Kukula kwa matenda osagwiritsidwa ntchito kumachitika pazifukwa zingapo: kuwunikira kwambiri, kuthirira kosasinthika, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kudya kosayenera. Poyerekeza wodwalayo, nsonga za masamba zimayamba kuuma, mizu imafa, ndipo matupi ena a orchid amakhudzidwanso, ndipo mawonekedwe ena amakula. Yesani kupeza ndikuchotsa chifukwa chomwe chitsamba chidadwala, ndipo mudzakhala ndi mwayi womupulumutsa. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kuyambiranso chomera choterocho ndikovuta.
Tizilombo ta phalaenopsis ndi njira zochitira nawo
Tizilombo tina tosiyanasiyana tomwe nthawi zina timangokhala pa maluwa amenewa.
Mealybug
Ngati pali chitsiru pachisamba, ndiye chifukwa cha izi masamba amasanduka achikaso ndikuwuluka pamenepo. Kuti muchotse, masamba ndi mphukira zimayenera kuthandizidwa ndi sopo wochapa.
Spider mite
Mpheta la kangaude limawoneka pa maluwa pokhapokha chinyezi mchipindacho chili chochepa kwambiri. Titha kumvetsetsa kuti kachilombo koteroko kanawonekera pachitsamba ndi kukhalapo kwa kangaude wamaso owoneka ndi siliva paz masamba, zomwe zimangokhala ngati kuti wabayidwa ndi singano. Ngati palibe tizilombo tambiri pamtengowu, mutha kuchotsa mankhwalawo pogwiritsa ntchito sopo, zomwe zingathandizenso kuchotsa nsabwe za m'mimba ndi maluwa. Ngati pali nthata zambiri pachitsamba, ndiye kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothetsera kukokana kwa acaricidal kuti muwononge.
Zopatsa
Utoto womwe umakhudza maluwa ndi masamba a masamba amathanso kukhazikika pa phalaenopsis, mawanga a bulauni amapangidwa pamwamba pawo. Pofuna kuthana ndi tizilombo totere, pamafunika chithandizo ndi mankhwala oletsa kupha tizirombo (mwachitsanzo: Actellic, Isatrin kapena Khostaquik), komabe akatswiri amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito Fitoverm pachifukwa ichi, chomwe sichili ndi poizoni.
Zikopa
Ngati ma tubercle apezeka pamasamba masamba, ichi ndi chizindikiro kuti tizilombo tambiri takhazikika pamalowo. Tizilombo totere timayamwa madziwo m'maluwa, ndipo pang'ono ndi pang'ono amawonekera. Mutha kuthana ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda chimodzimodzi ndi nyongolotsi, chifukwa mufunika kuchitira orchid ziwirizi ndi madzi a soapy ndi masiku 7.
Slug
Duwa lovulala kwambiri limayambitsa slugs. Popeza tizilombo ndi zazikulu kukula, imatha kudya mwachangu mphukira, maluwa ndi masamba achomera mu nthawi yochepa. Kuti mugwire gastropod yotere, ndikofunikira kufalitsa nkhaka kapena karoti, kudula mzidutswa, pamtunda wapansi, ndiye muyenera kudikirira mpaka ulesi utayamba kutuluka m'nyumba, kenako ndikuchotsa. Ngati simungathe kuthana ndi tizilombo tothandizidwa ndi nyambo, mutha kuchiza chitsamba pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo monga mesurol kapena irondehyde.
Phalaenopsis amasiyana ndi maluwa ena m'maluwa ena chifukwa ndiosavuta kukula. Ngati mungachite zonse bwino ndikusamalira mbewuyo mosamala, ndiye kuti imakula ndikukula, ndipo palibe tizilombo kapena matenda omwe angawope. Chomera cham'matauni, mosamala, chimatha kukula ndi kuphuka kwa zaka zambiri, kusangalatsa aliyense ndi maluwa okongola. Chachikulu ndikukumbukira kuti orchidyo amakhalabe wathanzi komanso limamasula munthawi yake, iyenera kuwonetsetsa kuthilira ndi kutentha kwa malo, kuwala kokwanira komanso kuvala kwapamwamba panthawi yake.
