Kukongola kwapadera ndi kudabwitsa kwa ma orchid kudabwitsa anthu ngakhale kutali ndi maluwa. Kodi ndizovuta kusintha kukongola kwa malo otentha, komanso momwe mungasamalire orchid kuti amasangalala ndi msipu wobiriwira komanso maluwa okongola kwambiri?
Anthu ambiri okonda maluwa amkati, omwe sanalimbe mbewu zachilendozi, atha kukhala ndi lingaliro lolakwika losamalira orchid kukhala lopweteka kwambiri komanso nthawi yambiri. Koma kudziwa bwino maluwa, kumadzapezeka kuti kusunga maluwa amtundu umodzi m'chipindacho sikovuta.
Kusamalira orchid kunyumba, ndi mikhalidwe iti yomwe imafunikira pachikhalidwe chachilendo chomwe chagwera mumphika?
Mkhalidwe wa Orchid
Kusamalidwa moyenera kumatanthauza kupangidwa kwa zinthu zachilengedwe. Orchid kwa nthawi yayitali amakhala wathanzi komanso wokongoletsa ngati:
- maluwa onse amafunikira zakudya, kuyatsa ndi kuthirira zimaganiziridwa ndikupatsidwa;
- mmera umakonza kutentha ndi chinyezi, nthaka ndikuwonekera.
Mukamasankha maluwa okukula panyumba, muyenera kukumbukira kuti ma orchid ali ndi mitundu yambiri yomwe imasiyana maonekedwe ndi nyengo yakukula kwachilengedwe komanso zosowa.
Popanda kusiya izi osasamalidwa, chisamaliro cha orchid chitha kukhala chosavuta kwa oyamba kumene ndi olima dimba omwe akudziwa kale zambiri zamtunduwu.
Zomera zambiri zomwe zimapezeka mkati mwa nyumba ndi ma epiphytes omwe adachokera ku malo otentha. Amadziwika mosavuta ndi ma rhizomes awo am'madzi otentha, omwe samangopatsa duwa chinyontho ndi zakudya, komanso amatenga nawo mbali panjira ya photosynthesis. Pali maluwa ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamiyala, pomwe dothi, monga pamitengo, ndilochepa kwambiri.
Kwa mbewu zotere, chinyezi cha mpweya ndi chidwi cha gawo lapansi ndizofunikira. Koma mitundu ya nthaka, kuwonjezera pa kusamalira bwino kwa ma orchid, imafunikiranso nthaka yopatsa thanzi.
Zowunikira
Onaninso: momwe mungasamalire bwino maluwa a Phalaenopsis orchid
M'malo otentha, pomwe mitundu yambiri ya m'nyumba imachokera, ma orchid amakula nthawi yayitali masana ndikuwala kowala, kupangitsa kuyatsa. Zomwezi zimachitidwanso ngati nthawi yomwe maluwa amayang'aniridwa kunyumba.
Maola okwanira masana owonjezereka komanso otulutsa maluwa ndi maola 135, koma osachepera nthawi yozizira. Chifukwa chake, kuwunikira kowonjezeraku sikungakhale kopepuka poyang'anira maluwa.
Sikoyenera kuyika miphika pazenera lakumwera popanda kutanthauzira koyamba. Dzuwa lowala limatha kusiya masamba kapena ma chikasu masamba, ndipo masamba omwe amakhala pansi pamoto wowotcha amatha. Malo abwino ndi mbali ya kummawa kapena kumadzulo. Pazenera lakumpoto, kuwunikira kuyenera ngakhale chilimwe.
Ngati malowo sanasankhidwe molakwika, ngakhale chisamaliro choyenera, maluwa, monga chithunzicho, amatembenukira chikasu, masamba awo amatayika, amawuma, maluwa amakhala osowa kapena samapezeka nkomwe.
Kusunthika mumlengalenga: chinsinsi cha chipambano cha chisamaliro cha orchid kunyumba
Chinyezi cham'mlengalenga ndizofunikira pakulima bwino kwa chomera chotentha. Ndipo ngati nthawi yotentha ikukwaniritsidwa 60-70%, ndiye kuti nthawi yozizira nyakulima amayenera kuyesa.
Momwe mungasamalire bwino orchid mukamayatsa magetsi: Kuti musunge chinyontho chotere, gwiritsani ntchito zozizitsira zamagetsi ndi zinthu zina zapakhomo.
Chidebe chomwe maluwa amakulira chimatha kuyikidwa ponyowa ndikuyikiramo. Ngati pafupi ndi sphagnum palibe pomwe amatha kusunga chinyezi kwa nthawi yayitali, dongo lowonjezedwa limagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Chomera chimakhala bwino koposa zonse mu florarium kapena m'nyumba yobiriwira, chosiyana ndi chipinda chonse ndi pulasitiki kapena galasi.
Wodziwika bwino wa maluwa ounika maluwa atagwiritsa ntchito kupopera masamba, izi zimayenera kuchitika pafupipafupi komanso mosamala, kusamala kuti zisakutikire. Ndikosayenera kwambiri kulola kuzizira kwa orchid konyowa, chifukwa izi zidzatsogolera kukula kwa bowa pam masamba abwino ndi mizu ya mlengalenga.
Muyenera kuthirira maluwa m'mawa ndi madzi kutentha kwa firiji, mpaka masamba atatha, poto amatetezedwa m'njira iliyonse yomwe ingachitike kuchokera kumweya ozizira komanso kukonzekera.
Kuthirira mukamasamalira orchid mumphika
Akuwerenga zambiri za momwe angayang'anire orchid kunyumba, woyambitsa maluwa woyamba sayenera kunyalanyaza funso ngati kuthirira anthu awa kuchokera kumalo otentha.
Kale mawonekedwe amodzi a chomera amatha kunena zambiri pazokonda ndi zofuna zake. Mphepo zamphamvu zam'mlengalenga komanso pansi pa nthaka zimapangidwa kuti azisunga ndi kusunga chinyezi. Kuphatikiza apo, duwa limatha kusunga michere ndi madzi mumasamba, omwe amakwiririka ndi mitundu ina.
Maluwa onse amakhala amtunduwu ndipo amafunika kuthirira wambiri, pomwe dothi lomwe layamba kapena lonyansa loyambira pansi lomwe limatsanulidwa mumphika limanyowa.
Koma momwe mungasamalire orchid munthawi zosiyanasiyana za chaka? Kodi kuthilira kwamasinthidwe kumasintha, ndipo mumadziwa bwanji za "ludzu" la maluwa osakanikirana ndi khungwa, dongo lokulitsa, zidutswa za chitho cha polystyrene ndi zinthu zina zomwe sizili zofanana ndi nthaka yachikhalidwe?
Ndondomeko yothirira, komanso njira zina zosamalira orchid, zimasinthidwa nyengo ikasintha. M'nyengo yotentha, duwa lamadzimadzi limalandira madzi nthawi zambiri kuposa nthawi yozizira. Koma ndibwino kusadzaza chomera kuposa kuzaza.
Masamba ndi mizu yaying'ono zithandizira orchid kupulumuka chilala chaposachedwa, koma chinyezi chowonjezera, makamaka kusasweka kwake, ndi gawo lotsimikizika kuti lizutse mizu.
Kunyumba, alendo otentha amakhala pamiphika pulasitiki yowoneka bwino kapena mumbale zokhala ndi mipata yapadera. Izi zimapangitsa kuti azitha kuyang'anira momwe mizu imakhalira, ma rhizomes nawonso amatenga nawo gawo pazithunzi za photosynthesis ndipo amatha mosavuta michere ndi chinyezi. Koma kusamalira orchid mumphika wazinthu zachilendo chotere?
Palibe zochitika za chisamaliro cha orchid zomwe zilipo pano, kupatula kuti ndikofunikira kuthirira duwa pachidebe chopitilira kuchokera kumwamba, ndipo ndikofunikira kumiza mapoto ndi mipata m'madzi okonzekera kwa mphindi 4-6. Munthawi imeneyi, gawo lapansi limakhala lodzaza ndi chinyezi, ndipo zochuluka zimatsitsidwa popanda kulowerera.
M'chilimwe, gawo lapansi limasungunuka katatu pa sabata, pomwe dothi limakhala louma kuti ligwire. M'nyengo yozizira, pafupipafupi madzi othirira amachepetsa kwambiri.
Kufunika kwa madzi kumazindikirika ndi kutayika kwa elasticity, ma rhizomes ocheperachepera ndi masamba oterera. Chomera chathanzi pambuyo ponyowetsa nthaka chimabwezeretseka mwachangu.
Koma masamba omwe ndi oledzeretsa omwe amakhala ndi ma orchid ambiri omwe amakhala ndi madzi ayenera kumuchenjeza. Mwina mizu yake idasefukira kale ndipo ikufunika kukonzanso.
Kuvala maluwa okongola a mkati
Monga mbewu zina zamkati, zokakamizidwa kuti zikule pang'ono pang'ono, ma orchid amafunikira kudya pafupipafupi. Koma izi siziyenera kukumana nthawi zambiri. Moyenera, ngati madzi apadera amaphatikizidwa osaphatikizanso kawiri pamwezi komanso pokhapokha panthaka ya kukula ndi maluwa.
Kuchuluka kwa mchere m'nthaka kumakhudza kwambiri mbewu. Momwe mungasamalire orchid, ngati mawonekedwe a mchere akupezeka pansi pa filler yomwe ili mumphika? Ndikwabwino osalimbana ndi izi, koma kupewa kuti zisachitike. Chifukwa chake, kuvala pamwamba kumasinthasintha ndikusambitsa mizu, pomwe mumphika umamizidwa kwa mphindi zingapo m'madzi ofunda.
Ngati mavalidwe ophatikizidwa ndi chisamaliro cha orchid achuluka kwambiri, duwa limalolera kusintha kwa kutentha, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo ndi bowa.
Kusamalira maluwa a maluwa a maluwa a maluwa a maluwa a maluwa a maluwa a maluwa a orchid
Kuwala maluwa pa orchid ndi chizindikiro chotsimikizira kuti mbewuyo ikukonzekera nthawi yotsika. Sidzataya masamba, koma ndizochepa kupangira ndi kudya mpaka kuwonekera kwamtsogolo kwa masamba. Kusamalira orchid panthawiyi?
Choyamba, ndikofunikira kulabadira duwa la maluwa lomwe linasiyidwa popanda corollas owala. Ngakhale kuti limasungabe mtundu wobiriwira komanso ulesi, umasiyidwa.
Nthawi zina, pa peduncle yomweyo, masamba amapangidwa mobwerezabwereza, komanso mbewu za ana aakazi, tinthu tating'onoting'ono, tomwe mizu yake ikapangidwa, imadulidwa ndikuwokedwa mumphika wina, mu gawo lopanda ma orchid. Koma Zizindikiro zakutsala pang'ono kufota zikusonyeza kuti nthawi yakudula.
Ngati duwa la mkati limatulutsa nthawi yayitali ndikuchuluka, sikulondola kulola masamba kuti abwererenso, monga zilili ndi mitundu ina ya mbewu. Izi zimangokulitsa maluwa.
Kotero kuti chikhalidwecho msanga komanso kupezanso mphamvu, chisamaliro cha maluwa atamasulidwa ndikuphatikiza kuvala kapena kufalitsa maluwa. Komabe, njira yomalizirayi imatha kukhala yopanikizika kwa mbewu, chifukwa mizu samangolunga mwamphamvu mozungulira gawo lapansi, komanso kulowa m'mabowo ndikupita kupitilira mphikawo.
Kanema wonena za chisamaliro chamaluwa kunyumba adzalongosola zonse zobisika zakugwiritsira ntchito duwa lotentha. Mukamatsatira malamulo osavuta ngakhale kwa novice, chopereka chamkati chidzapangidwanso ndi chomera chokongola modabwitsa, chomwe, powasamalira, chidzayankha ndi maluwa owala pang'ono.
