Ambiri olima dimba angadzitame chifukwa chokhala ndi mbewu yokongoletsera ngati petunia mdera lawo. Choyamba, amakondedwa chifukwa chowala masamba ake.
Chifukwa chake, powona chomera chokongola ichi, amayi ambiri okhala ndi nyumba ali ndi chidwi chodzala zokongola m'mundamo, pabwalo, komanso khonde, kuti azisangalala ndi nyali zowala zopindika.
Zambiri za kukula kwa petunias
Sichikhala chovuta kupeza mwayi wosangalala ndi kupezeka kwa petunia wakuthengo, chifukwa ngakhale ndi kukongola kwake konse, pamafunika kulimbikira kuti muzisamalira. Zimakhala zovuta kwa alimi amene asankha kudzala petunia pawokha.
Pankhaniyi, sizisokonezedwa poyamba. dziwani mawonekedwe a kukula mbande pamaso Thirani kuti poyera. Kenako kusamalira mbewu za achikulire sikungakhale kovuta, ndipo akuyenera kusangalala ndi kukongola kwa masamba ophuka.
Wamaluwa omwe ali ndi chidziwitso pakukula kwa petunias amadziwa kuti nthawi yakula ayenera kudya nthawi zonse.
Feteleza afunika:
- mbewu zikafesedwa munthaka;
- nthaka yomwe yakonzedwa kubzala petunia;
- mbande zazing'ono;
- Zomera zazikulu pa maluwa.
Ngati mumadyetsa pafupipafupi, pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza woyenera, petunia "ndikuthokozeni" nthawi yonse ya chilimwe ndi chilimwe ndi maluwa okongola.
Zofunikira pakulima kwa petunias
Sichofunikira kwambiri pakamera nthangala za petunia. Izi zitha kuchitika nthawi yozizira, komanso kumayambiriro kwa masika.
Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti nthawi yosankhidwa ikhudza momwe petunia imatsegukira posachedwa.
Kutengera zokumana nazo zamaluwa, mtundu wa maluwa kutengera zinthu zingapo:
- kupezeka kwa dothi losakaniza bwino kubzala;
- mbewu zomwe zimayenera kukhala zapamwamba komanso zopatsa zipatso;
- kutsatira boma lokwanira kuthirira;
- mtundu wa feteleza womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukula kwake.
Chofunikira pakukula kwa petunias ndikuti muyenera kufesa mbewu mu gawo lapansi lapadera, lomwe mutha kugula kale m'malo ogulitsa wamaluwa.
Kusakaniza kofananako ndiko choyenera kwambirichifukwa lili ndi mchere wofunikira. Komabe, zimatha kuperekedwa ndi michere kokha mwa umuna.
Chofunikira pakukula kwa petunias ndi kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lapansi, yomwe imayenera kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa peat. Idzapangitsa dothi kukhala lopepuka kuti mizu ikule bwino. Kupatula apo, mbewuyo imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zake zonse pa icho.
Zimatengera dothi momwe mphukira zamphamvu ndi zamphamvu zimakhalira. Musanagule mbande zazing'ono za petunia kumalo kwamuyaya, ziyenera kukonzedwa ofooka manganese yankho kapena fungicide. Chifukwa cha opaleshoni iyi, mbewu zimayamba kulimbana ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.
Malangizo a feteleza petunias
Omwe akupita kudzilima pawokha sangadzivulaze kuti adziwe feteleza yemwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbande.
Kudyetsa, mwachitsanzo, potaziyamu monophosphate, mbande zazing'ono za petunias, mutha kukwanitsa kuti pazaka zambiri maluwa amenewa amakusangalatsani ndi masamba owala.
Choyambirira chomwe wokolola woyamba ayenera kumvetsetsa ndikuti kupatsa petunias michere ndi kufufuza zinthu zofunika kwa iye ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikirakutsimikizira maluwa ambiri.
Pakadutsa milungu iwiri kuchokera nthawi yobzala mbewu, kuvala koyamba kumachitika - chifukwa cha mbandeyi kuthirira ndi potaziyamu permanganate yankho kapena fungicide. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawo kuti mavutowo asangokhala pambewu zokha, komanso pansi.
Ndikofunikira kuti nthaka ikhale yonyowa, kuonetsetsa kuti palibe chinyontho chambiri kapena chosakwanira, popeza izi sizipindulanso mbewu zazing'ono.
Mphukira zazing'ono zimakula bwino ngati manyowa ndi mavitamini owonjezerakuti mutha kugula mu pharmacy yokhazikika ndikukonzekera yankho lochokera pa iwo. Nthawi zambiri, kuvala kotereku kumachitika pakati pa kuthirira. Pafupipafupi kamodzi pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse.
Zomera za petunias ndi mavitamini
Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatira zabwino, zowonekera mu maluwa ochulukirapo a mbewu zazing'ono za petunia, zimapereka kuyambitsa kwa feteleza wa nayitrogeni m'nthaka. Chifukwa cha izi mbande izikhala yolimba.
Tikudikirira kuti masamba oyamba akhazikike, mbewuzo zimasungidwa m'mbale zofunikira, pambuyo pake ndikofunikira kuthira manyowa.
Monga kuvala koyenera yankho la kristalo wachikasu: imakonzedwa kuchokera supuni imodzi ya thunthu, yomwe imayikiridwa mu ndowa. Phindu la kuthilira kotero ndikofunika, chifukwa lithandiza kupanga mizu yolimba.
Pamodzi ndi feteleza pamwambapa, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zobiriwira zamakristali wobiriwira. Kuvala pamwamba kumeneku kumachitika mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawo ndi masamba a mbande. Zotsatira zake, mbewu zimakula bwino ndipo zimakusangalatsani ndi maluwa ambiri m'chilimwe ndi masika.
Kukonzekera yankho, munthu ayenera kutsatira dongosolo lofananalo, monga momwe zimakhalira pakristalo lachikasu. Nthawi zina, amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wina m'malo mwa galasi yobiriwira:
- Uniflor Micro.
- Mavitamini B1-Thiamine.
- Vitamini B12.
Iwo omwe adzale mbande zambiri za petunia amalangizidwa kuti azigula feteleza zovutaomwe amaperekedwa m'malo ogulitsa maluwa aliwonse.
Pafupipafupi kudyetsa ziweto
Popeza mwatenga feteleza woyenera mbande za petunia, kumbukirani kuti kuvala pamwamba kumayenera kuchitika nthawi zambiri, ndikubweretsa chiwerengero chawo mpaka katatu pa sabata. Komanso, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichite izi pakati pa kuthirira wamba.
Pa nthawi yakukula mbande, ndikofunikira kuti muzikhala chinyezi dothi lomwe mbande za petunia zimamera. Poganizira momwe zilili, ndikofunikira kusankha nthawi yakudya yazomera.
Mbewu zikafika pagawo lokwanira kulolera gawo, ndikofunikira kukwaniritsa, limodzi ndi zovala zapamwamba, za masamba, zokhudzana ndi kuyambitsa feteleza mwa kupopera.
Momwe mungadyetsere petunia mutangomera
Ndikotheka kudziwa nthawi yabwino yoyambira kudyetsa ziweto ndi mawonekedwe a timapepala mu mbande. Pakadali pano pakupanga feteleza njira yopanda mizu. Pa kupopera mbewu mbewu, mutha kusankha mitundu yotsatira ya feteleza:
Urea- Chititsani potaziyamu.
- Chomera.
- Crystal.
- Scots.
- Duwa la Aquamarine.
- Vermicompost.
UreaZomera zikakhala zolimba, zimatha kudyetsedwa ndi zosakaniza zotsatirazi:
- Ammonium nitrate.
- Calcium calcium nitrate (10 g. Pa malita 10 a madzi).
- Potaziyamu monophosphate (15 g. Per 10−12 l yamadzi).
- Urea (magalamu 10 pa 10 malita a madzi).
Feteleza popereka petunias ndi michere yofunika imapezeka mu sitolo yapadera momwe mungatenge feteleza woyenera pa mitengo yotsika mtengo.
Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti kuvala pamwamba ndizothandiza kwambiri ngati zikuchitika nthawi yoyenera. Chifukwa chake analimbikitsa kutsanulira mbande madzulo. Chifukwa chake, simulola mawanga pamasamba.
Kumbukirani kuti petunia ikhoza kukusangalatsani ndi kukula kwakukulu komanso maluwa pokhapokha ngati mungatero musamalire, osawononga nthawi kapena ndalama zogulira mankhwala ofunikira.
Zikomo kuyambira duwa lidzakhala kukongola kwake, komwe mungaganizire kwa miyezi yambiri.
Malangizo Othandiza
Kwa anthu ambiri olima dimba, Petunia ndi imodzi mwazomera zofunika kwambiri m'nyumba yawo yotentha. Ngakhale alimi wamba wamba omwe akutenga nawo gawo pantchito zamkati, nawonso osakana mwayi woti akhonzenso ngodya zawo zobiriwira.
Maluwa ochepa kwambiri a petunias amatha kusiya anthu osayanjanitsika, kotero ndikulakalaka kusangalala ndi kukongola kumeneku m'masabata oyambilira a masika omwe amayendetsa anthu ambiri omwe akuganiza zokulitsa petunias osati pamalo, komanso khonde kapena pabwalo.
Komabe, sizosavuta kukwaniritsa maluwa owala kuchokera kwa petunias, chifukwa nthawi yambiri iyenera kudutsa izi zisanachitike, chifukwa duwa limamera kudzera mbande.
Woyang'anira m'munda aliyense ayenera kukumbukira kuti ichi ndi chomera kuchokera pa mbewu zomwe amafunika kudyetsa. Zachidziwikire, popanda kupereka zofunikira m'thupi, sizingobweretsa zomwe mwiniwake amadalira.
Chifukwa chake, okhawo omwe akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yokwanira kusamalira chomera chovuta ichi amalandila mphatso mu mawonekedwe a masamba owala.
