Monga zoweta zapakhomo, nkhosa zakhala zikuwezedwa kwa zaka zoposa chikwi chimodzi. Nthawi yomweyo, kutengera mtunduwo, kuweta nkhosa kumachitika kuti nyama, mkaka, zikopa zaubweya komanso ubweya wofunda wapamwamba kwambiri.
Pakusamalira gulu la anthu, kuweta nkhosa sizovuta. Nyama zolimba, zosalemekeza nthawi zambiri zimadwala, zimakhala ndi chonde kwambiri komanso zimagwira bwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ng'ombe. Zikatero, nkhosazo sizifunikira malo omangidwa bwino:
- M'nyengo yotentha, amakhala okhutira ndi malo odyetserako ziweto komanso malo odyetserako ziweto.
- M'nyengo yozizira, amasungidwa kukhala abusa, komwe kumatentha pang'ono kuposa ziro.
Nyama zimamera mokongola pazakudya, zomwe mitundu ina imati siyokwanira kukwaniritsa zosowa zathupi. Nkhosa, ngakhale masamba owerengeka ndi okwanira kukula, kupereka ubweya ndikulemera.
Ndi chisamaliro chabwino kwa zinyama, kuweta nkhosa kunyumba ndi alimi a novice siziwoneka ngati ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Kusamalira bwino, kutsatira malamulo okonza ndi kudyetsa makamaka mchaka choyamba kumapangitsa kuti pakhale nyama zambiri, kupeza mkaka wamafuta komanso ubweya wakunyumba.
Zachilengedwe za nkhosa
Mitundu yamakono ya nkhosa zokulira kunyumba imatha kuwonetsa zochuluka mu nyama, mkaka ndi ubweya. Nthawi zambiri, chidwi cha obereketsa nkhosa chimakopeka ndi mitundu yokhala ndi fecundity yayikulu, kulemera msanga, kutchedwa kudzikuza komanso thanzi labwino. Koma kuti nyama ziwonetse zotsatira zomwe zikuyembekezeka, ndikofunikira kulingalira zosowa zawo ndi zikhalidwe za nkhosazo.
Mwa nyama zomwe zili munkhalangomo, nkhosa ndizodziwika ndi gulu lawo komanso kuiwala. Nthawi zambiri, alimi a nkhosa amakumana ndi vuto loti chiweto chomwe chapita kukadyetsa sichingapeze nyumba yake. Chifukwa chake, nkhosa ndi nkhosa zamphongo zimabweretsedwa kumalo oyenda ndi mbuzi zanzeru kapena ng'ombe. Potere, ndikofunikira kuti nkhosa imodzi ipite "mtsogoleri", ndipo gulu lonse lifikire iyo.
Nthawi yayitali nkhosa ndi zaka 20. Komabe, posungitsa nkhosa m malo obisika, opanga okhawo ndi chiberekero chokhazikika omwe amatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka 8. Zinyama zazing'ono zomwe zimadyedwa chifukwa cha nyama zimaphedwa zisanakwanitse chaka chimodzi, ndipo anthu aubweya wopangidwa ndi ubweya amasungidwa kwakanthawi pang'ono pafamuyo.
Chizindikiro chimodzi chomwe chimawerengera mtundu wa kubereka kapena munthu ndi chiwerengero cha ana amphongo pachaka komanso kuchuluka kwa ana a nkhosa obwera.
Nthawi zambiri, kuweta nkhosa kumabereka ana kamodzi pachaka kumapeto kwa dzinja kapena masiku oyambira masika. Mimba imatenga pafupifupi miyezi isanu, m'mabere ambiri mawonekedwe a mwanawankhosa mmodzi ndiye chizolowezi. Koma pali zosiyana.
Mwachitsanzo, mtundu wa Romanovskaya woweta nkhosa, wotchuka pakati pa alimi a nkhosa aku Russia chifukwa chobadwa pafupipafupi kwa anaankhosa angapo nthawi imodzi komanso kuthekera kubereka kawiri pachaka. Izi zodziwika bwino za mtunduwu komanso kulondola kwa mitundu yonseyi zimatithandizanso kukhazikitsa bizinesi yabwino kwambiri, yomwe sinachedwe kubweza.
Kodi nyama zofunikira motani? Kodi kukonza kudyetsa kwawo? Kodi kuyambira kuweta nkhosa kunyumba kwa oyamba kumene?
Kukula nkhosa kunyumba nthawi yotentha
Zoweta nkhosazi ndi zomwe zimapanga kwambiri zipatso. Mwa kuletsa nyama mwayi woyenda, woweta nkhosazo amatha kuchepetsa phindu lawo. Pankhaniyi, mitengo imakwera:
- kudyetsa, kutolera ndi kukonza komwe kuyambira tsopano lino ndi vuto la munthu;
- pa zida za malo ndi zolembera za nkhosa.
Ngati palibe malo odyetserako ziweto pafupi ndi famuyo, nkhosa zimakhala ndi malo oyenda, malo omata ndi zishango. Pambuyo pa kuphimba udzu, gulu limasamukira kudera loyandikana nalo. Popeza kuti nkhosa zimatha kubzala udzu wotsika kuposa mbuzi kapena ng'ombe, ngakhale m'malo ochepa, zimapeza chakudya chokwanira chokha. Kuphatikiza apo, kusamutsa msipu kupita kumalo ena a msipu kumathandizira kupewa matenda a nyama ndi helminths.
Kunyumba, polera nkhosa popanda kuyenda, nyama zimapatsidwa udzu woweta.
Ndikofunikanso kukonza magulu amtundu wocheperako, kuwathamangitsa m'malo ochepa kuti ayende. Mwinanso kuyika nkhosa pakhungu ndi kusinthidwa pafupipafupi kupita kumalo atsopano.
Nkhosa imatulutsidwa kubusa ndikutuluka kwa kasupe ndikuwoneka ngati masamba oyambira kutalika kwa 8 cm.Ngati kuzizira pabwalo, nyama ziyenera kutetezedwa ku chinyezi chambiri, kaya ndi mvula kapena mame. Tsitsi lamadzi silimaphwa ndipo limakhala chifukwa cha matenda osiyanasiyana azinyama. Malamulo omwewo amatsatiridwa ndikuyamba kwa kuzizira kwa yophukira. M'nyengo yotentha, m'malo mwake, kutuluka koyambirira kupita ku dambo kudzathandiza nkhosazo kupeza msipu wabwino kwambiri.
Ngakhale amadya, nkhosazo zimaperekedwa madzi. Omwe amamwetsedwanso tsiku lililonse kawiri, ndipo nthawi yotentha, katatu patsiku.
Kugwiritsa ntchito njirazi kudzathandiza kuteteza ku madzi komanso kufooketsa nyama. Pazifukwa zofananazi ma canopies amakhala ndi zida, pomwe gulu limatha kudikirira maola otentha kwambiri. Pano kwa nkhosa samangokhala akumwa ndi owadyerawo, komanso zidutswa zamchere.
Udzu wa msipu ndi chakudya chofunikira kwambiri komanso chothandiza kwambiri kwa nkhosa. Komabe, kuweta nkhosa kumathandiza kuti azisunga nthawi yozizira. Chifukwa chake, woweta nkhosayo amafunika kukonzekera udzu nthawi, ndipo m'dzinja, masamba okugwa adzakhala othandiza ndi vuto la udzu.
M'nyengo yotentha, nkhosa zimatha kudwala matenda oyamwa magazi, omwe samangogwiritsa ntchito nkhosazo ngati chakudya, komanso amaikira mazira m'malo owonongeka a khungu. Popewa matenda omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi izi ndikuthandizira kukhalamo kwa wadi, zinyama zimayesedwa, kutsukidwa ndi kupewetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo mabala amakhazikitsidwa kwa nkhosa zofooka.
Kusunga nkhosa nthawi yozizira
Kufika kwa nthawi yophukira kwa woweta nkhosazi kumatanthauza kuti posachedwa gululo lidzasamutsidwira kumalo osungirako nkhosa ndi zolembera zagululo. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuteteza ma wodi ku zolembera, chinyezi chambiri komanso zambiri. Chifukwa chake:
- Zipindazi zimakhala ndi mpweya wabwino.
- Malo ouma owuma amakonzedwa ndi nyama.
- 2.5 mpaka 3 mita malo amapatsidwa munthu m'modzi.
- Mkati mwa nkhosazo nthawi yayitali, khalani otentha kutentha kwa 6-8 ° C. Izi ndizokwanira kuti nyama zamtundu wathanzi, zamphamvu ndizomva bwino, komanso ndikudya moyenera, zimakula.
- Panthawi yovuta kwambiri pakuberekera nkhosa - nthawi ya kubereka, mzimu wa m'busayo uyenera kutenthetsedwa mpaka 15 ° C.
M'nyengo yozizira, nkhosazo zimakhala ndi udzu wokolola m'chilimwe, mbewu zosakanizidwa, ndi chakudya chochepa chokwanira. Kwa ma 500 kg a udzu komanso kuchuluka kwa mbewu zomwe zimayambira, makilogalamu 100 okha a chakudya chofunikira akuyenera kuwerengedwa. Mulingo woterewu ndi wokwanira kudyetsa munthu m'modzi mu nthawi yayitali.
M'nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kudyetsa zoweta mu mpweya wabwino pagulu lotseguka. Mu nyengo yoipa, chakudya chimaperekedwa pansi pa denga. Chitani katatu patsiku. Nkhosa zimayamba kukhala ndi udzu woyamba. Kuti muchepetse kulemera ndi kutalika, ndikofunikira kupereka udzu kuchokera ku chimanga ndi nyemba zopangira chakudya.
Nkhosa imaperekedwa monga chakudya chokoma. Itha kukhala chisakanizo cha mbewu zosankhunidwa, mwachitsanzo, beets, kaloti, turnips, mbatata ndi chinangwa. Njira ina ndi miyala. Pambuyo pa chakudya choterocho, ng'ombe imapatsidwa chakumwa, kenako chimasandulika chamtundu wokhazikika. Nkhosa, ikakula m'nyumba, muzizolowera kudya nthawi imodzi. Madzulo, udzu ndi tsache zomwe zimakololedwa m'chilimwe zimayikidwa mu odyetsa.
