Masamba a mabulosi ndi maluwa otchuka kwambiri kotero kuti padziko lonse lapansi pali mitundu yambiri ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Makhalidwe ake omwe ali pansipa ndi omwe ali ndi kukoma ndi zipatso ndi zinthu zina zambiri. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi mitundu yazikhalidwe ya sitiroberi:
Strawberry mitundu
Strawberry uchi ndi mtundu wakale waku America. Kucha zipatso zokoma ndi wowawasa kumachitika nthawi imodzi. Kupanikizana kwophika zipatso zamitundu iyi (Chinsinsicho chaperekedwa kumapeto kwa nkhaniyo) ndichabwino kwambiri.
Strawberry chozizwitsa - Mitundu yoyambirira kwambiri ku Italy. Ubwino wake uyeneranso kukhala wopatsa zambiri komanso wotha kuyendetsa bwino zinthu.
Strawberry kimberley - Dutch mbewu zosiyanasiyana, oyambirira kucha. Musalole kuzizira ndi ufa wowonda. Zipatso zambiri ndizokoma kwambiri, kukoma kwawo kuli ngati caramel.
Strawberry wa Elsant - komanso waku Holland, koma wapakati (wakucha kumapeto kwa Meyi). Kuchokera ku tchire tating'ono, tating'ono kwambiri, tating'onoting'ono, zipatsozo zimakololedwa milungu iwiri.
Zipatsozi zimakhala zokhathamira komanso zowawasa, zazing'onoting'ono, lalanje-lalanje, zonyezimira, ndi zamkati zonenepa, zimatha kugona pambuyo pa sabata mpaka milungu iwiri. Zosiyanasiyana zimadziwika ndi kuchepa kumverera ndikuvunda ndi kuwona.
Strawberry Marshmallows - Zosanjidwa zosiyanasiyana ndi olima aku Danish. Osalabadira kwambiri matenda ndi tizilombo toononga.
Mmodzi mwa atsogoleri ogulitsa ndi mitundu yamaDutch sitiroberi wamkulu. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi zipatso zazikulu mosasamala (zolemera pafupifupi magalamu 100!) Ndipo, nthawi yomweyo, zokolola zambiri (mpaka 3 makilogalamu pachitsamba chilichonse pachaka). Tchire la sitiroberi limatalika masentimita 50 ndi 60 mulifupi. Kuphatikiza konse kosiyanasiyana kwa mitunduyi kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri chifukwa chotsutsana kwambiri ndi chisanu komanso chosadziletsa.
Kukonza Strawberry
Makhalidwe ake akunja amafanana kwambiri ndi chizolowezi, koma zikafika pazachilengedwe, kusiyana kumodzi kumawonekera. Amatha kubzala masamba mu Meyi, omwe m'chaka chomwecho amapereka gawo lachiwiri la mbewu (nthawi zambiri kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe mpaka nyengo yoyambilira yophukira). Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya masamba a remontant ndi awa:
Strawberry Albion ndi zipatso zazikulu (zolemera mpaka magalamu 60) zipatso zazikulu. Izi ndi mafakitale, m'malo mowoneka ngati abwino, omwe adaberekera mu 2005 ku University of California. Ku Eastern Europe, zokolola zake ndizotsika kuposa zomwe zalengezedwa ndipo zimakwana 500-700 magalamu pachitsamba chilichonse (m'malo mwa magalamu 2000 ngati zigawo zakumwera monga California ndi Italiya), ndipo mafunde omaliza sanaphulike poyera.
Pa tchire lamphamvu tating'onoting'ono, mitunduyo imacha zipatso zofiira, zonunkhira komanso zotsekemera kwambiri (mwazizwitsa). Imalephera kuvunda, verticillin imafuna komanso imakhalapo, koma imakhala yofooka chifukwa cha kutentha (pambuyo pa 30 ℃ zipatso zimatha) ndi matalala ozizira.
Strawberry Mfumukazi Elizabeth II imapereka mwayi kuti muyambe kukolola kumapeto kwa masika. Zipatso zazikuluzikulu zazikulu kuyambira 60 mpaka 100 magalamu zimasiyanitsidwa ndi shuga wochepa komanso "thonje". Zosiyanasiyana zimadziwika ndi zokolola kwambiri - mpaka 10 makilogalamu pa lalikulu mita, komanso kukana chisanu ndi matenda.
Strawberry Monterey imafanana ndi mitundu albion, popeza ndi mbadwa yachindunji ya icho (chidawerengedwa ku California Institute mu 2009). Makhalidwe ake omwe ali ndi kusiyanasiyana kwake ndi kosavuta kosasintha komanso kukoma kwa kukoma. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti gawo lachiwiri la kututa kwa sitiroberi uyu limakhala losangalatsa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ena apitalo ndi ena.
Zochulukitsa zimachokera ku 500 mpaka 2000 magalamu pachitsamba chilichonse, palibe kukana chisanu, chomwe chimapereka lingaliro la bungwe logona nyengo yozizira komanso koyambirira kwamasika, koma pokhudzana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, monga alubino, amalephera.
Amp Strawberry
Ndilo mawonekedwe apadera a curly omwe amaphatikizapo mitundu ingapo, monga alba ndi Geneva (yayikulu zipatso). Amagwiritsidwa ntchito osati ngati chakudya, komanso zokongoletsera.
Kubala, mwachizolowezi, kumatenga nyengo yonse yachilimwe. Tchire limakhala ngati masamba obisika, pomwe amatulutsa ambiri, pomwepo, maluwa, ndi zipatso zatsopano zimapangidwa. Mwanjira ina, tchire lokha ndi tinyanga yake timabala zipatso.
Nkhalango ya Strawberry umasiyana ndi zipatso zamtchire zamtchire zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi maphiri omwe amalimbikira chipatso. Zipatso zomwe zimapangidwa ngati mpira zimapsa pakati pa chilimwe, zimakhala zotsekemera komanso zonunkhira bwino. Mphukira imakula 20 cm kutalika, masamba omwe ali pansipa amakhala ndi villi.
Kubzala sitiroberi masika panja
Poyamba, chisamaliro cha masamba a zinyalala chomwe chimachotsedwa chimakhala posankha malo abwino. Chiwembu chomwe adakula, radroot, adyo, ndi nyemba ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yoyikira sitiroberi. M'malo mwake, sikulimbikitsidwa kuti mubzale mutabzala mbatata, nkhaka, tomato ndi kabichi.
Kulima mabulosi aboma kumayamba ndi kukonza mbande. Izi zimachitika ndi njira ziwiri - carpet komanso wamba. Yoyamba imaphatikizapo kubzala mbande malinga ndi pulani ya 20x20 cm, ndipo yachiwiri - ndi mtunda wa 20-25 masentimita pakati pa mbande mu mzere wa 20-25 cm ndi 70 cm pakati pa mizere yomwe.
Kuti ifike mumtunda wotseguka, muyenera kusankha mitambo, kupanga mabowo, kuthirira, kenako kuthilira ndi mtanda. Pa dzenje limodzi, mutha kuyika mbande ziwiri. Potseka mbande, ndikofunikira kutsata mizu - siyiyenera kutumphuka, pomwe mitima imayikidwa pang'ono pamwamba pa dothi.
Asanabzala, gawo la malowo limasulidwa, kutsukidwa kwa namsongole ndi feteleza. Mutabzala, dothi lozungulira tchirelo limamizidwa, ndikumachotsa zotulutsa ndi kuthirira kachiwiri. Ngati mukufuna kudzala sitiroberi wokhala ndi nyengo isanayambike nyengo yachisanu, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuchita izi kuyambira pakati pa Ogasiti mpaka kumapeto kwa Seputembala.
Mutha kudziphunziranso ndi malingaliro oyenera kubzala ndi kusamalira ma curants ofiira ndi akuda, mutha kuwapeza pano.
Kuthirira sitiroberi
Kuthirira kwa kukonza mabulosi, komanso maudzu a m'munda, ziyenera kuchitika mosamala, pogwiritsa ntchito madzi akulu poyerekeza ndi mitundu yachikhalidwe, makamaka panthawi yamphamvu kwambiri ya kutentha ndi zipatso. Kutsirira kumayenera kukhala m'mawa kapena madzulo ndipo nthawi zonse madzi ofunda.
Mukangobzala, nyama zazing'onoting'ono zimayenera kukhala zonyowa tsiku lililonse kwa masiku ochepa, ndiye kuti ndikulimbikitsidwa kusinthana kamodzi m'masiku 2-4. Tchire chaka chatha timathiriridwa madzi mu kasupe, ngati kuli mvula yachilengedwe - m'masiku apitawa a Epulo.
M'mwezi wa Meyi ndi Juni ndibwino kukonzekera kuthiridwanso kwina kwa 3-4, ndiye - mu Ogasiti-Seputembala safunikanso kuposa 2 times. Kukucha dothi kuyenera kuzikiridwa ndikuzama cm 2-3. M'masiku otsatila kuthirira / mvula, nthaka yamabedi imamasulidwa, ndikupatsa mizu ndi mpweya.
Kuyika Strawberry
Kuyika mabulosi okonza sikumveka zambiri, chifukwa pambuyo pa zaka 3-4 zimataya mtundu wake, ngakhale malamulo onse osamalidwa akusamalidwa. Komabe, ngati pakufunika izi, izi sizichitika pasanathe milungu itatu isanachitike chisanu.
Kubzala kasupe sikutanthauza kuti mungathe kukolola mwachangu, posachedwa pomwe zimapangidwa bwino, ndibwino (ngati pamaso pa peduncles - mbewu yoyamba ingayembekezeredwe pafupi ndi Ogasiti).
Zomera za sitiroberi
Kukulika sitiroberi ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kukolola kwakukulu ndi moyo wautali. Phosphorous yoyambitsidwa musanabzidwe sikofunika kuti muyikidwenso munthawi yomweyo; bedi limakhazikika ndi humus pamlingo wa 2-3 kg pa mita imodzi kapena manyowa - 5-6 makilogalamu pa malo omwewo.
Kumapeto kwa Meyi, kudyetsa ndi 1-, 2% yankho la urea kumachitika, ndipo pafupifupi pakati pa Juni, pomwe zipatso za 2nd zimayikidwa patsogolo, nthaka imayikidwa ndi zitosi zosungunuka (magawo 8-10 a madzi pachidebe) kapena manyowa (magawo 3-4 a madzi pa ndowa).
Nyengo imodzi, kudyetsa zovuta kwa 10-15 kumachitika mpaka nthawi yophukira. Pakati pazovala zapamwamba kwambiri za mchere, Kemiru yapamwamba komanso kristalo ziyenera kufotokozedwa.
Masamba a kasupe
Pakukonzekera mabulosi kuchokera ku majeremusi, zothetsera zochokera pa adyo ndi madzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mitu itatu ya adyo, yophikidwa mu ndowa 1 yamadzi oyera ndikuyika tsiku limodzi. Kumwaza ndi kuthirira kumachitika mozungulira kuzungulira tchire.
Kuti mbalame zisasangalale ndi zipatso zokoma, zimayika zipsera ndikuyika matumba oyaka, ndipo adyo yemweyo amathandizira kuthamangitsa nyerere. Ndi mavu pang'onopang'ono - amatha kusokonezedwa kuchokera ku zipatso zokha ndi mitsuko ndi shuga compote, yoyikidwa mozungulira gawo lonse la malowo.
Kukula mabulosi a mbewu kunyumba
Potengera kubereka, chidwi chachikulu chimakhala pakupeza mitundu yoyera kwambiri, yomwe imatheka ndi mbewu. Pakati pa dzinja (theka lachiwiri la February) mbande zimayamba kukonzekera. Chinyezi chadothi chodzala chiyenera kukhala osachepera 70-80%. Dziko lapansi silikhala ndi zipupa.
Chidebe choyenera ndi chotengera chowirira chokhala ndi mainchesi 15 cm, wokutidwa ndi dothi lotetezedwa mpaka 3 cm kuchokera pamwamba. Mbewu zimathiridwa pansi, kenako nkuwazidwa ndimiyala yaying'ono ya nthaka yowuma. Zotsatira zosakanikirana ziyenera kuthiriridwa ndi Jets zoonda zamadzi. Mbande zamera zibzalidwe pamalowo m'masiku oyamba a Meyi.
Kufalitsa kwa Strawberry pogawa chitsamba
Kubwezeretsanso mitengo yobwezeretsa pogawa chitsamba kumangogwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati palibe chobzala. Tchire lakukula la 2-, 3- ndi wazaka 4 zokhala ndi mizu yolimba limagawidwa.
Amakumba kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kapena nthawi yophukira, amagawanika mosiyanasiyana, kenako amabzala m'mabedi.
Matenda a Strawberry
Matenda omwe ali mu sitiroberi yokonza ali ofanana mumunda wamba, motere, njira zotchinjiriza zili pafupifupi zofanana. M'pofunikanso kuganizira za ukalamba wa malowa - njira yake yopatsirana imakula ndi zaka ndipo mankhwala akalandira mankhwala amakhala ovomerezeka.
Mwambiri, zimaphatikizira kupopera mankhwalawa katatu pachaka - kumayambiriro kwa masika mutakolola malo ndi 2-, 3 peresenti ya Bordeaux, musanafike mu Epulo ndi topsin M kapena quadris komanso nthawi 2 ndi fungicides kumapeto kwa maluwa ndi masiku 14.
Strawberry zothandiza katundu
Strawberry ndi madzi 90%. Zina ndi shuga, fructose, sucrose, mankhwala achilengedwe ndi mavitamini. Folic acid (Vitamini B9) imapatsa ma fulosi mtundu wa hematopoietic katundu, ndipo mavitamini B2, B1, E, K, A, PP, C pamodzi ndi michere (phosphorous, sodium, magnesium ndi calcium) amathandizira pakukula kwamunthu. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinc zomwe zili mu sitiroberi, zimawoneka ngati analogue achilengedwe a Viagra.
Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti sitiroberi yachisanu mu nthawi ya defrosting ikhoza kutaya zambiri zawo zabwino, motero, njirayi iyenera kuthandizidwa mosamala. Njira yabwino yochepetsera sitiroberi ndikuyimira kwa maola angapo kutentha kwa firiji.
Mwachilengedwe, ma CD (a zipatso zomwe anagula ku sitolo) amayenera kutsegulidwa, ndipo zipatso zomwezo zimatsanuliridwa mumtsuko wonga chitsulo chopangidwa ndi pulasitiki wopanga chakudya. Kuthamanga mwachangu mu microwave kapena pansi pa madzi otentha kumapangitsa zipatsozo kukhala zopanda phindu.
Strawberry mkate
Pomaliza, timapereka maphikidwe owerengeka okoma komanso athanzi kuchokera ku sitiroberi. Yoyamba ndi phukusi la airy sitiroberi. Kuti mupeze, mufunika chikho 1 cha shuga, supuni 8 za mkaka, magalamu 100 a batala, mazira awiri, magalamu 250 a ufa, thumba limodzi la ufa wophikira (pafupifupi magalamu 10), mafuta a masamba, shuga wamafuta, ndi zonona.
Thirani shuga mu mbale yakuya, gawirani mazira awiri mmenemo ndikusakaniza, onjezerani batala wonunkhira ndikusakaniza kachiwiri. Pambuyo pofufuta ufa, uuthanulire mu osakaniza dzira ndikuwonjezera ufa. Sambani ndikudula majeremusi kukhala magawo, kenako ndikuwonjezera pa mtanda.
Valani mbale yophika ndi mafuta a masamba, kutsanulira pa mtanda ndi kuyika pamwamba pa zotayidwa za sitiroberi. Keke iyenera kuphikidwa mu uvuni wamoto mpaka 200 ℃ kwa mphindi 40. Mu mawonekedwe omalizidwa, ayenera kuwazidwa ndi shuga wa ufa kapena chokongoletsedwa ndi zonona.
Zingwe ndi sitiroberi
Kukonzekera kwa mtanda kumafunikira magalasi awiri a ufa, dzira 1, supuni 1 ya mafuta a masamba ndi 150 ml ya kefir, ndikudzaza - 250 magalamu a zipatso za sitiroberi ndi supuni 1 ya shuga.
Sula ufa ndikuuthira mu mbale ndikapangira slide. Onjezani kefir, ndiye dzira ndi batala. Kani mtanda mpaka kuphika kokhazikika pambuyo pa mbale, kenako ndikutulutsira pansi ndikudula mabwalo. Finyani zipatso ndi shuga, kupanga ma dengu kuchokera kwa iwo ndi mtanda, kenako ndikutsitsa m'madzi otentha ndi kuwira kwa mphindi pafupifupi 7.
Strawberry kupanikizana
Kuti kupanikizika kwa sitiroberi, muyenera kuyika 1 makilogalamu a sitiroberi, ma spigs 4-5 a peppermint, 900 magalamu a shuga ndi 1 mandimu.
Sambani bwino kuchotsera zipatsozo, chotsani nsonga, kakonzereni mu msuzi wokutira ndikuwonjezera shuga. Uyenera kukhala usiku asanafike mapulosi kuti atulutse madzi. Kuti zipatso zisathe pang'onopang'ono pakuphika, timasankha sitiroberi wokhala ndi zamkati.
Finyani madziwo mandimu, ndikusambitsani timbewu tating'onoting'ono, ndikuumitsa ndikukupera (mutha kugwiritsa ntchito matope m'malo mwa mpeni). Timapereka mphikawo ndi sitiroberi ndi mandimu ndi timbewu, timagwedezeka pang'ono, kusakaniza zosakaniza (ndikwabwino kuti tisagwiritse ntchito supuni ndi zinthu zofananira kusakaniza, kuti tisawononge zitsamba).
Timayika potoyo pamtambo wachete, kubweretsa kwa chithupsa ndikuphika pafupifupi mphindi 5, kuchotsa chithovu mwadongosolo. Zipatso zikangoyamba kuyandama mumadzi amadzimadzi, zimatha kusakanikirana ndi spatula yamatabwa. Kenako, kuphimba poto pogwiritsa ntchito chivindikiro kapena thaulo, ndikumapita kwa maola 4. Kenako timabweretsa kupanikizana ku malo otentha ndi moto wotsika ndikuphika kwa mphindi 15, kukumbukira kukumbukira kuchotsedwa kwa thovu.
Pamene kupanikizaku kukuphikidwa, mutha kuwiritsa silire ndi kukonza mitsuko - timatsitsa mtsuko ndi chivundikiro m'madzi otentha kwa mphindi 5, titatha kuyika pansi pa bolodi kuti kuziziritsa. Mwanjira yotentha yatsopano, timathira kupanikizana m'mitsuko, kuyivala mosamala, ndikuyitembenuza ndikusiya mpaka itazizira. Kusunga jamu ya sitiroberi, timasankha malo abwino ozizira.
Strawberry Compote
Strawberry compote. Zofunika: zipatso za sitiroberi, shuga ndi asidi. Atakonzedwa mchilimwe ndi manja ake komanso sitolo ya sitiroberi.
Iyenera kuyikidwa mu sucepan, yopukutidwa bwino, yodzazidwa ndi madzi ndikuyika kuwira pamoto wowotcha. Pambuyo pa madzi otentha, onjezerani shuga mu kuchuluka komwe mumasankha.
Mutha kupeza kukoma kosatha kwa sitiroberi yomalizidwa mwa kuwonjezera citric acid (theka la supuni ya tiyi). Timaliza moto ndikuthira compote yomwe idakonzedwa mu mbale yayikulu, timamwa zakumwa zonunkhira komanso zapadera!
