Kusamalira moyenera abambo achifumu kunyumba

Begonias adadziwika kalekale pakati pa olima maluwa aku Russia chifukwa cha kukongola kwakukulu komanso mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a inflorescence ndi masamba. Pakati pa oimira mbewu zonsezi, Royal begonia amakhala m'malo apadera. Amatchulidwanso kuti Begonia Rex (Begonia rex), lomwe limamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Latin kutanthauza mfumu, munthu wachifumu. Ndipo Rexes amayeneradi kukhala ndiudindo wapamwamba chotere. Maluwa awa amakhala ndi masamba okongola modabwitsa, okhala ndi masamba osiyanasiyana: kuyambira wobiriwira wobiriwira mpaka matayala akuda omwe amakhala ndi mitundu yonse ya siliva, ofiira, lilac ndi mithunzi ina. Maluwa amtunduwu ndi othandizira, ndipo nthawi zambiri amachotsedwa. Ndizachikhalidwe chokongoletsera chokongola kwambiri chomwe chikhalidwe ichi chimakhala chamtengo wapatali.

Zomwe muyenera kubzala begonia kunyumba

Wachifumu wachifumu wopatsa chidwi

Mfumukazi ya begonias ndi thermophilic kwambiri. Dziko lakwawo ndi nkhalango zachilengedwe za kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia. Chifukwa chake, mu nyengo zathu za nyengo, iwo amangokhalidwa ngati chomera. Maluwa amenewa safuna kuti akhale mndende mosiyanasiyana.koma nthawi yomweyo chidwi chachilengedwe chake. (2.8)

Kutalika kwa moyo

Nthawi zambiri chitsamba chimakondweretsa mwini wake ndi kukongola kwa zaka 2-3. Pambuyo pa nthawi iyi, duwa limafunanso kukonzanso. Sizovuta kuchita izi, chifukwa begonias imapangidwanso mosavuta ndikudula, ma rhizomes, komanso mothandizidwa ndi masamba.

Chinyezi ndi kuthirira

Rex amafuna chinyezi kuposa munthu wina aliyense. Ndi kuperewera kwa chinyezi, m'mphepete mwa masamba ake amakhala owuma komanso osalala. Chifukwa chake Zomera zimathiridwe madzi pafupipafupi, kupewa kupukuta kwamtundu wa nthaka. Koma kuthirira kwambiri kumakhala koopsa. Kuchuluka chinyezi kumabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mizu yokhala ndi minyewa. M'nyengo yozizira, monga lamulo, kuchuluka kwa kuthirira kumachepetsedwa, makamaka ngati pali kutentha kwam'chipindacho.

M'chilimwe, Royal begonia imamwetsa madzi ambiri, chifukwa salola nthaka youma pamasiku otentha

Kuphatikiza apo, Rex ndi mpweya wouma sizilekerera. Monga lamulo, munthawi ya nyumba zathu pamafunika kukongoletsa zowonjezera maluwa. Mutha kuchita izi pogwiritsa ntchito:

• kukongoletsa kasupe
• chinyontho mpweya
• basi mtsuko wamadzi

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti, monga mitundu ina, Royal begonia silivomereza chinyezi pa masamba. Rex sikulimbikitsidwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, ndipo ndikofunikira kuthira madzi mwamphamvu pansi pa muzu. Fumbi lomwe limapangidwa pamasamba limapukutidwa ndi nsalu yowuma.

Dinani madzi akumwa kuti azithirira ayenera kuyamba osasefedwa kapena kusiyidwa kuti athe kukhazikika kwa maola osachepera 24. Chifukwa chake, kuuma kwamadzi kudzachepa ndipo nthawi yomweyo mpweya wofunikira pachomera udzasungidwa. Madzi ayenera kukhala ofunda.

Kutentha ndi kuyatsa

Queen begonia akumva bwino mu kutentha kuyambira 17 mpaka 25 digiri Celsius. Zojambula sizabwino kwa iwo.

Masamba okongola a Royal begonia amafunika kuwala kokwanira

Labwino kwa mwana wabongo likhala kuwala kosayera. Dzuwa mwachindunji limayambitsa kuyaka. Pokhala wopanda magetsi, Rex imasiya kuwala komanso kuzimiririka. Malo abwino kwambiri pamiphika za maluwa amakhala mashelufu, makabati, matebulo omwe ali moyang'anizana ndi gwero la kuyatsa, koma patali ndi ilo. Ma Window sill omwe amawoneka kummawa kapena kumadzulo nawonso ndi oyenera.

Royal begonias ndizosamalira. Samalekerera mikangano komanso kuyenda mopitirira muyeso. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusankha malo amodzi okhazikika.

Nthaka ndi feteleza

Rex amakonda nthaka yopanda thanzi. Kapangidwe ka dothi kayenera kukhala kotayirira, kothira mpweya, kouma msanga. Gawo lokonzekera lokhazikika limapezeka mosavuta mu sitolo iliyonse yapadera, koma sizovuta kukonzekera nokha. Kuti muchite izi, sakanizani zinthu zotsatirazi:

• peat (gawo 1)
• mchenga (gawo limodzi)
• pepala lapansi (mbali ziwiri)
• malo odyera (gawo 1)

Kuphatikiza apo, ndizovomerezeka kuwonjezera makungwa a pine ndi vermiculite.

Royal begonia imakonda dothi lopepuka, lophatikiza ndi michere ndi pH ya 5.8 - 6.5

Ndikayamba masika, kudya pafupipafupi kumayambitsidwa. Feteleza ndi michere michere amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero la zakudya zowonjezera. Kuti mukwaniritse bwino zofunikira za begonias muzakudya, kuvala pamwamba kumachitika kawiri kapena katatu pamwezi.

Momwe mungasankhire mphika

Royal begonia ili m'gulu la mbewu za nthangala. Imakhala ndi mizu yakuda, yomwe siyodziwika ndi mizu yolimba mkati. Chifukwa chake mphika suyenera kusankhidwa mozama kwambiri. M'lifupi, iyenera kufanana ndi chitukuko cha mizu. Miphika yokhala ndi mabowo amadzala pansi ndi mbali zake imawoneka yabwino.

Momwe mungadulire maluwa komanso nthawi yochitira izo

Mwakutero, kudulira kwa begonia yachifumu sikofunikira. Pa maluwa, mapesi a maluwa amachotsedwa (chifukwa amachepetsa mbewuyo, kuipidwa ndi masamba awo okongola).

Mbali yogwira ntchitoyo isanayambe, kutsina ndi nthitiyo kumachitika ndipo mbali zazing'ono za muzu zimapangidwanso pakati pa mphika. Zotsatira zake, kukula kwa mphukira zazing'ono kumayambiranso, ndipo chitsamba chimapeza mawonekedwe okongola.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Royal begonia imatha kutenga matenda angapo, omwe:

• chivundi (chifukwa chachikulu - chinyezi chambiri)
• mawonekedwe a mawanga amdima pamasamba (chifukwa cha kuwunika kwamphamvu)
• kuyanika kwa pepala (kusowa chinyezi)
• matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi (ufa wowuma - kachiwiri chifukwa chinyezi chambiri)

Kuwonetsa kwa zovuta izi kungathetsedwe ndikupanga malo oyenera osamalira - kuchepetsa pafupipafupi kuthirira, kuti pakhale kuyatsa koyenera. Polimbana ndi bowa fungicides adzakhala othandizira abwino.

Begonia amadwala ndi chisamaliro chokwanira nthawi zambiri komanso mawonekedwe osalala

Kuphatikiza apo, Begonia Rex, monga zikhalidwe zina zambiri, ikhoza kukhudzidwa ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Mwachitsanzo, akangaude, ma aphid, kapena tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Mutha kuthandiza duwa mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Momwe limamasulira litagwera nthawi yopumira

Mitundu ina yachifumu ya begonia yophulika (nthawi zambiri nthawi yamasika ndi chilimwe). Maluwa - pinki yopepuka, yaying'ono komanso yosayimika. M'nyengo yozizira, Rex imachedwetsa kukula kwake, ndipo kumayambiriro kwa masika, kukula kwachikulacho kumayambanso.

Momwe mungayikitsire begonia kunyumba

Ndikofunika kuperekera begonia chaka chilichonse. Komanso, ngati mizu yake sinakulire kwambiri, ndiye kuti ndizotheka kusiya poto yomweyo. Izi zimachitika motere:

• konzani ngalande pansi pamphika
• amafuna ngalande kuchokera kumwamba kutsanulira dothi
• bwino kutulutsa chomera (popanda kuthyola dothi lapansi)
• ikani maluwa mphika watsopano
• kuwaza ndi gawo lapansiatapumira pang'ono

Poika mbewu, ndikosafunika kuzika mizu ya chomera m'nthaka. Iyenera kukhala yopanda nthaka. Kupanda kutero, chiopsezo cha kufa kwa duwa chifukwa cha kuwola chikuwonjezeka.

Momwe mungabzalire tubonia begonia m'munda

Chidebe chodzala ma tubers sichikhala chozama, popeza mizu ya mbewuyi ndi yopanda tanthauzo

Mitundu yabwinobwino ya begonias itha kubzalidwe panthaka pachokha. Kuti muchite izi, kuyambira mu Marichi (masamba atayamba kutupira), timatumba timayikidwa mu gawo lapansi lokonzekera. Ndikubwera kwa zikumera zoyambirira, mbewu zimabzalidwa mumiphika yosiyana. Mukangotentha mosapitirira 15 digiri Celsius, mbande zimasulidwa pansi.

Ndi isanayambike nthawi yophukira, tubers timakumbidwa mosamala pansi, timayimitsidwa ndikuyika mabokosi okhala ndi utuchi (kapena mumbale zina). Sungani kutentha kwa madigiri 10-12.

Kufalitsa kwa Begonia

Begonias kunyumba ikhoza kufaliridwa ndi kudulidwa, mbewu, ma rhizomes, tubers, ana komanso mothandizidwa ndi masamba.

Kudula

Kufalikira kwa Royal begonia ndikudula ndiyo njira yachangu kwambiri, yodalirika komanso yosavuta.

Chifukwa chaichi, odulidwa a 10-15 masentimita ndi masamba 2-3 amadulidwa. Masamba apansi amachotsedwa. Zomwe zili kumtunda zimadulidwa ndi chitatu. Kwa kanthawi, zimayambira zimasiyidwa zokhazokha kuti zigawozo ziume. Kenako amaikidwa m'madzi kapena m'nthaka yokonzedwa mwapadera. Chidebe chodulidwacho chimaphimbidwa ndi chidebe cha pulasitiki kapena thumba la pulasitiki, ndikuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wabwino uli mkati. Masamba atsopano akuwonetsa kuti nthawi yakwana kuti mbewuyo isanduke kwayokha.

Mizu mu nthaka ndiyabwino koposa, chifukwa amalimbikitsa kukula kwamizu yolimba yamizimba. Kuphatikiza apo, mizu yotere siyenera kuzolowera zikhalidwe zobzala m'nthaka.

Mbewu

Mbewu za mbande zimabzalidwa kumapeto kwa Disembala mpaka March m'matayala okhala ndi dothi lonyowa. Kuti mupange kuthekera kwa wowonjezera kutentha, ikani magalasi pamwamba kapena kanikizani filimu ya pulasitiki. Zikamera, nthambizi zimasambira kangapo, kenako mbande zokhwima zibzalidwe mosiyanasiyana.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mizu

Kulekanitsidwa kuli motere:

• mizu osamasulidwa ku dongo
• ndi mpeni rhizome agawika m'magawo angapo, iliyonse yomwe ili ndi mphukira kapena impso
• magawo mankhwalaFumbi ndi malasha osweka
• cholandiridwa ogawana amayikidwa mumiphika yosiyana

Pakapita nthawi, zikumera zoyambirira zimawonekera.

Kugwiritsa ntchito masamba

Begonia ndi imodzi mwazomera zodabwitsa zomwe masamba ake ndi oyenera kuzika mizu. Njira yosavuta ndiyo dulani tsamba labwino lolimba ndi phesi (popanda chizindikiro cha kuvunda kapena matenda) ndikuyika m'madzi. Ndikubwera kwa mizu, tumphukira ndikuuika mumphika.

Zoyenera kubereka komanso magawo a tsamba limodzi lalikulu. Chifukwa chaichi Tsamba limaduladula mbali zitatu, ndipo gawo lililonse la gawo lalikulu limayenera kudutsa. Pambuyo pake, zomwe zidakwaniritsidwa zimapanikizidwa mwamphamvu pansi ndikukutidwa ndi filimu. Pakatha pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, mphukira zatsopano zimawonekera patsamba la magawo.

Ana

Ikutenga nthawi yamaluwa. Pankhaniyi mphukira zazing'ono, popanda kuwononga mizu, zimasiyanitsidwa ndi chomera cha amayi ndikuwokedwa mumiphika yosiyana. Kusamalira kwina sikusiyana ndi kusamalira chomera chachikulire.

Tubers

Tuber imagawika pokhapokha ngati gawo lililonse lili ndi impso ziwiri

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamitundu ya tuboni ya begonias. Chezerani masika. Tuber yokhala ndi mpeni imagawidwa padera kuti chidutswa chilichonse chimakhala ndi mphukira kapena impso. Malo omwe mabala amathandizidwa ndi phulusa. Kenako zidutswa za ma tubers zimabzalidwa m'mbale zokhala ndi dothi, ndikuzikika pang'ono. Zikamera zikamera zikafika msentimita 8-10, timaziroti timakonkhedwa kwathunthu ndi gawo lapansi.

Ponena za begonia yachifumu, imangofalikira ndi masamba, mbali za tsamba ndi petioles.

Royal begonia ndi chomera chokongola modabwitsa. Ngati chisamaliro cholinganizidwa bwino, amapatsa mwiniwake chisokonezo cha mitundu, zokongola zamafomu ndipo zidzakhala zokongoletsera zenizeni nyumba iliyonse kapena ofesi.