Mukufuna kukongoletsa tsamba lanu ndi maluwa achilendo? Kenako mverani allium: kutsika ndi chisamaliro poyera ndi kosavuta, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zosangalatsa. Kukongola kwa masamba, kunyezimira ndi kulemera kwa mithunzi, kukula kwakukulu kwa ma inflorescence - zonsezi zidzapambana mtima wanu kosatha.
Kutanthauzira Kwa maluwa a Allium
Allium (mwanjira ina amatchedwa anyezi wokongoletsa) ndi herbaceous wazaka ziwiri (zina zamtundu wina zimapezekanso) chomera cha anyezi subfamily, banja la Amaryllis. Kwawo kwa anyezi wamtchire kumatchedwa Central Asia.
Mutha kuzindikira chomera ndi ambulera yowoneka ngati ma umbrella ngati mpira wokhazikika, wokhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono ndipo wokhala pamtunda wautali, nthawi zina amafikira mita imodzi. Ma inflorescence ndi wandiweyani kapena ofanana ndi maluwa a dandelion. Pali mitundu yosachepera 400 ya anyezi wamtchire. Ponena za mtundu wa masamba, amatha kukhala amtambo wabuluu, wofiirira, wapinki. Maluwa amachitika kumapeto kwa Meyi - koyambirira kwa Juni. Masamba a mbewu ndi ochepa kwambiri komanso aatali, owomba kumapeto. Palinso fungo la anyezi wamakhalidwe ndi kukoma koyaka.
Anyezi zakutchire nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati rabatki, minda yamiyala, maluwa osiyanasiyana, malo obzala mwamtendere.
Momwe mungabzalire allium m'dzinja
Kuti muchite bwino ndi kukula bwino, muyenera kuyang'ana zovuta zonse kubzala ndi kusamalira anyezi wakutchire.
Kubzala kwa Allium kunja ndi chisamaliro: zofunikira zofunika
Malo okondedwa - madera otentha. Kuphatikiza apo, dzuwa lowala kwambiri, limawala kwambiri ndi masamba ake. Madera omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ake ndi osavomerezeka kwa mbewu. Chomera sichilola kuti pakhale chinyezi chochuluka, kotero simungathe kuchibzala m'malo otsika.
Za dothi, anyezi amakonda kupepuka ndi chonde, ndipo pH iyenera kukhala yosalowerera ndale. Ngati dothi lili ndi asidi wambiri, laimu iyenera kuwonjezeredwanso.
Kuyika poyera pamalo abwino kuchitidwa kuyambira pakati pa Seputembala mpaka kumapeto kwa Okutobala. Koma izi zikuyenera kuchitika pa kutentha kwa + 10 ° C.
Mababu asanakhazikitsidwe amayang'aniridwa mosamala kuti awononge ndi nkhungu. Ngati atapezeka, mababu amayikidwa mu potaziyamu permanganate ndipo amadzazidwa kwa theka la ola.
Pakubzala, pumbani mabowo okuya mababu atatu. Babu imayikidwa mu dzenje, madzi okwanira, yokutidwa ndi humus kuchokera pamwamba, mulching imachitika, yomwe imateteza ku chisanu.
Sizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito nkhuku ndi manyowa.
Anyezi allium: kulima ndi kusamalira
Allium sapereka zofunika zapadera za chisamaliro. Lamulo lofunika kwambiri ndikuti musaphimbe mbewuyo, chifukwa izi zitha kufa. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikosaloledwa kwambiri kupatsa mkwiyo mopitirira muyeso, chifukwa izi zimakupatsani masamba odabwitsa komanso ozunguza.
Pofika kumapeto kwa masika, mbewuyo imadyetsedwa. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani feteleza wa nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu. Kupanda kutero, masambawo amatayika ndikuwala.
Chomera chimafuna kudalira pafupipafupi, komanso mulching.
Masamba achikasu omwe amakhala kumapeto kwa maluwa sangathe kudulidwa, chifukwa izi zimaphatikizidwa ndi kuphatikiza michere mu babu.
Kumapeto kwa mwezi wa June, mababu atatenga zinthu zonse zofunika, amatha kukumba ndikukutumiza kumalo otentha komanso kowuma. Sangasiyidwe pansi, chifukwa amatha kusefukira ndi mvula, yomwe imatsogolera kuimfa.
Mababu akhoza kutsalira pansi ngati mukukhala otentha. Koma muyenera kukumbukira kuti mababu amapatsa ana, kukuwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maluwa azisowa komanso maluwa osowa.
Momwe mungafalitsire komanso nthawi yobzala allium
Anyezi wamtchire amafalikira m'njira zingapo.
Zamasamba ndi ana
Patatha zaka zitatu mutabzala mbewu, anyezi amapatsa ana omwe amafunika kubzalidwe mosamala mu kugwa kuti mizu ndi zimayambira zisawonongeke. Zinthu zofunikirazi zimasungidwa pa kutentha kwa 18-20 ° C pamalo owuma komanso podutsa mpweya.
Kutambalala kwa maluwa oyamba kutulutsa nthaka ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwa, ndi allium yoyenda masika kwambiri mchaka.
Mababu amabzalidwa patali la theka la mita kuchokera wina ndi mnzake mpaka akufika mababu atatu, mutathirira dzenjelo, mutabzala, mulch ndi humus kapena peat. Nthawi yotsatira akhoza kuziika mu zaka 4-5.
Zamasamba pogwiritsa ntchito babu
Anyezi masamba amakhala ngati babu, omwe amayenera kuchitidwa chisanachitike ndi chowonjezera chowonjezera komanso ozika mizu. Njira yolerera iyi imafotokoza machitidwe onse amake amtundu wamtsogolo chomera.
Mbewu njira
Mbeu zochitira zambiri nthawi zambiri zimafesedwa m'dzinja kapena masika nthawi yomweyo. Mitundu ina imafunikira stratation isanachitike. Njirayi ndi yayitali kwambiri, chifukwa mtengowo ungatsegule masamba atatha zaka zitatu. Chifukwa chake, sichotchuka.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Pakubzala ndi kusamalira allium, mbewuyo imatha kuzimiririka ndi tizirombo monga:
- Fodya amaponya timadzi ta m'minda ndi masamba. Izi zimabweretsa kuti chomera chimakhala chofooka, chimaleka kutenga nawo mbali m'mitundu mitundu. Tizilombo titha kutha kuthana ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi kuthilira ndi tizirombo. Mwachitsanzo, ikhoza kukhala: "Spintor", "Mospilan", "Vertimek", "Aktara". Koma popewa kupezeka kwa tizilombo, muyenera kupanga chinyezi chambiri pamalo ofikira.
- Cervical rot imakhudza mababu ikasungidwa mosayenera. Pofuna kupewa kuchitika, mababu amafunika kukumbidwa ndikuwuma padzuwa, kenako amawotcha 48 ° C kwa maola 12.
- Anyezi akuuluka. Zizindikiro za matendawa ndikuyambitsa masamba pang'ono, kuvunda kwa babu ndi imfa yake yotsatira. Mutha kuteteza babu ndi nthawi yake yobzala pansi. Ngati matendawa adakula, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la mchere kapena mankhwala monga Ratibor, Medvetoks-U, Karate.
- Downy mildew. Kupezeka kwake kungalepheretsedwe ndikuyika mababu kuti abzalidwe musanatenthe pa 40-42ºº kwa maola 12.
Monga mukuwonera, kuyambukira ndi kusamalira allium poyera ndi kosavuta. Ngati malamulo onse amawonedwa, mbewuyo imakusangalatsani ndi maluwa okongola: mipira yayikulu yokongola.
